The document provides details about the journey and founding of Plymouth colony by English separatists who became known as the Pilgrims. It describes their religious beliefs and desire for independence from the Church of England, as well as their voyage on the Mayflower which took 67 days and included 102 passengers. Upon arriving in what would become Plymouth, they signed the Mayflower Compact and established the settlement, but half of the colonists died during the first harsh winter due to illness and lack of supplies. Native Americans such as Squanto and Massasoit helped the survivors by teaching them local skills and the Pilgrims held the first Thanksgiving celebration.

1. The Mayflower and Plymouth

2. Religious Freedom Church of England leaders dressed like royalty Separatists didn’t want a fancy church with alters, candles and pipe organs Wanted good men, not rich men, to lead their church Believed the church could not be changed Covenant – an agreement to form their own church

3. Charter Grant from the king to help settle and manage the English colony in America

4. Those Aboard the Mayflower Ship carried Separatists and Strangers All of the passengers on the Speedwell had to load onto the Mayflower after the speedwell developed several leaks. Hired Miles Standish – a professional soldier and John Alden – a cooper (barrel maker) 102 passengers including 34 children 2 dogs 30 crew members Size of a basketball court

5. Voyage 67 days Wet and miserable During a storm a beam cracked and caused leaking Two people died on the voyage One child was born

6. Oceanus Hopkins Only child born aboard the Mayflower Mother was one of only four women to survive the first winter Oceanus only lived to be about 3 years old

7. Seasickness Passengers were seasick Sailors called them “glib glabbity puke stockings” One particularly nasty soldier told them he couldn’t wait for them to die so he could watch their bodies be thrown overboard. He died and his body was thrown overboard.

8. Mayflower Compact Helped establish democracy in North America

9. The Mayflower Haven The Mayflower was supposed to return home after dropping off Pilgrims. Captain Christopher Jones decided to stay for the 1 st winter. Pilgrims may not have had shelter were it not for him. Returned to England was never again used to carry passengers

10. Plymouth 2 nd permanent settlement 102 settlers had intended to settle further south John Carver was the 1 st Governor

11. Miles Standish Led 16 pilgrims ashore to look around

12. First Winter Had no fruit or vegetables Disease spread Only 7 pilgrims were healthy enough to care for the sick 1 building burned and many supplies were lost

13. Death Half of the group died of illness, starvation, and cold Many survivors were under 16

14. Helping Hands Squanto, Massasoit, and others taught the Europeans how to fish and fertilize Thanksgiving was a 3 day celebration Venison Roast Duck Goose Eel clams

15. Pilgrim Timeline 1606 1609 1620 1621 1627 1691 Pilgrims cross the Atlantic and establish Plymouth First Thanks- giving Fortune brings more settlers Plymouth becomes part of Royal Colony of Mass. Pilgrims begin meeting in Scrooby Pilgrims move to Leiden in Holland Population grows to 150