The document discusses the Louisiana Purchase, where the United States acquired French territory west of the Mississippi River in 1803. France was struggling financially after wars with Britain, so Napoleon sold the territory, known as Louisiana, to the US for $15 million. While a good deal for the US, doubling its size, critics argued the purchase exceeded Jefferson's constitutional powers. The acquisition propelled US expansion and manifested America's destiny, but displaced Native Americans and increased tensions with Britain and Mexico over borders.