The document discusses using the Likert scale to measure student morale towards football activities at a university. Fifteen variables related to football were measured on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "Always" to "Never". Frequency weights were assigned to each response and a frequency index was calculated for each variable by summing the weighted values and dividing by the total number of questionnaires. Standard deviations and other statistical measures were also calculated to analyze the data. Tables with the results of the frequency indexes for each variable are presented.

1. The Likert scale was used to ascertain how frequent students‟ morale is towards Football
(soccer) activities in the University. Frequency level of morale was classified into five, for the
calculation of Frequency Index „FI‟. The level of Frequency for fifteen variables was used in
determining how frequent students‟ morale is towards football activities. Each scale was rated
using Likert scale as either “Always”, “Often, but not always”, “Sometimes, but not very often”
“Rarely”, “Never”. A weight value (WV) is attached to the five different ratings which the
respondents used in indicating how frequent students‟ behavior towards sport activities. These
are:
Always = 5
Often, but not always = 4
Sometimes, but not very often = 3
Rarely = 2
Never = 1
To arrive at the Frequency Index (FI) on each of the variables, the summation of the
Frequency weighted value (FWV) calculated was divided by the total number of questionnaires
administered.
The FWV was calculated through the addition of the product of the numbers of response
to each of the variables and the weight values attached to each rating for example if “a, b, c, d, e”
are the numbers of respondents that reactively expressed the level of satisfaction.
FWV = (a x 5) + (b x 4) + (c x 3) + (d x 2) + (e x 1)
N= a + b + c + d + e
The mean of the FI distribution was also computed. Furthermore, the deviation about the
mean of each variable, the variance and standard deviation of the distributions were also
calculated to measure the scatter around the mean, that is, how large the observations fluctuate
above it or how smaller the observation distributes below it. The coefficient of variation was
calculated to measure the scatter in the data relative to the mean in percentages. The nearer the SI

2. to the unity scale 1 the more satisfied the respondents were with the infrastructure provided. (See
appendix 1)
Table 1.1: Frequency level of students’ morale towards sporting activities
Source: Author’s field survey, 2016
s/
n
QUESTIONS RANKING N
FRW
V
FRW
V/N
x
D=
(x- x)
D2
=
(x- x)2
5 4 3 2 1
1.
I am excited about attending practice
every day
6 17 14 37 66 2.13 -0.50 0.251
2.
I can play without fear of being
unfairly cut from the team
4 9 10 14 37 77 2.48 -0.50 0.021
3.
I have access to my coach and
manager when I need a decision or
advice
6 4 10 6 11 37 99 3.19 -0.56 0.318
4.
I am involved in the decision making
process affecting my role on the team
13 8 9 5 2 37 136 4.39 1.76 3.087
5.
I know what is expected of me as a
player
16 16 5 37 85 2.74 0.11 0.013
6.
I feel valued and appreciated as a
member of the team
4 13 15 5 37 90 2.90 0.27 0.075
7.
I receive adequate training during
practice
14 11 12 37 76 2.45 -0.18 0.032
8.
I have access to resources and
equipment
7 15 12 3 37 100 3.23 0.60 0.355
9.
The team offers a safe and secure
training and playing environment
13 12 12 37 75 2.42 2.63 -0.21 0.044
10. Playing on the team gives me a feeling
of accomplishment and pride
4 11 22 37 56 1.81 -0.82 0.678
11.
I believe all team members are treated
fairly and equally
2 11 14 10 37 79 2.55 -0.08 0.007
12.
I am able to maintain a reasonable
balance between practice, play and
study
9 12 16 37 67 2.16 -0.47 0.220
13.
I believe the team has a strong
communication system
3 8 15 11 37 77 2.48 -0.15 0.021
14.
I feel that morale is high among teams
members
2 11 17 7 37 82 2.65 0.02 0.000
15.
My family feels accepted by the team
officials
6 10 21 37 59 1.90 -0.73 0.528
1224 39.48 0.03 5.650

3. APPENDIX
Table 2.1: Satisfactory level
Source: Author’s field survey, 2016
s/
n
QUESTIONS RANKING N
SRW
V
SRW
V/N
x
D=
(x- x)
D2
=
(x- x)2
5 4 3 2 1
10.
I am excited about attending practice
every day
6 17 14 37 66 2.13 -0.50 0.251
18 34 14
11.
I can play without fear of being
unfairly cut from the team
4 9 10 14 37 77 2.48 -0.50 0.021
16 27 20 14
12.
I have access to my coach and
manager when I need a decision or
advice
6 4 10 6 11 37 99 3.19 -0.56 0.318
30 16 30 12 11
13.
I am involved in the decision making
process affecting my role on the team
13 8 9 5 2 37 136 4.39 1.76 3.087
65 32 27 10 2
14.
I know what is expected of me as a
player
16 16 5 37 85 2.74 0.11 0.013
48 32 5
15.
I feel valued and appreciated as a
member of the team
4 13 15 5 37 90 2.90 0.27 0.075
16 39 30 5
16.
I receive adequate training during
practice
14 11 12 37 76 2.45 -0.18 0.032
42 22 12
17.
I have access to resources and
equipment
7 15 12 3 37 100 3.23 0.60 0.355
28 45 24 3
18.
The team offers a safe and secure
training and playing environment
13 12 12 37 75 2.42 2.63 -0.21 0.044
39 24 12
10. Playing on the team gives me a feeling
of accomplishment and pride
4 11 22 37 56 1.81 -0.82 0.678
12 22 22
11.
I believe all team members are treated
fairly and equally
2 11 14 10 37 79 2.55 -0.08 0.007
8 33 28 10
12.
I am able to maintain a reasonable
balance between practice, play and
study
9 12 16 37 67 2.16 -0.47 0.220
27 24 16
13.
I believe the team has a strong
communication system
3 8 15 11 37 77 2.48 -0.15 0.021
12 24 30 11
14.
I feel that morale is high among teams
members
2 11 17 7 37 82 2.65 0.02 0.000
8 33 34 7
15.
My family feels accepted by the team
officials
6 10 21 37 59 1.90 -0.73 0.528
18 20 21
1224 39.48 0.03 5.650