The disappearance in today's world of the last critical rationality reserves advocated by the Enlightenment and Modernity by which degraded in successive self-destruction processes over time, paved the way for the Post-Modernity that is the increase in the Calvary they are exposed to the humans and also a huge threat to the progress of humanity. Given this fact, it is huge challenges for contemporary thinkers establish new paradigms and new rational behavior amounts to be formulated for human society in the current era aimed at defeating the nefarious political and ideological influence of Post-Modernity, according to its ideologues, there are no truths, that all previous systems were wrong and that nothing can be known. Contemporary thinkers need to mobilize in the reinvention of a new Enlightenment project as did the thinkers of the eighteenth century for the construction of a new world order that leads to the end the Calvary of humanity.

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THE IMPERATIVE OF ENLIGHTENMENT REINVENTION TO MEET AND
WIN NEOLIBERALISM AND POST-MODERN THINKING
Fernando Alcoforado*
In his article Para entender o pós-modernismo (To understand postmodernism),
published on the website <http://www.espacoacademico.com.br/035/35eraylima.htm>,
Raymundo Lima, psychoanalyst, says that the signs of Post-Modernity feature clearly in
the political field with disinterested attitude, depoliticized, noting that postmodernists
rule out the idea of revolution as a passport needed to build a "new society", a "new
man" and a "new realistic happiness" "classless" and "no inequality". In this disbelief,
there is the fact that the revolutions in the real socialism, resulted in totalitarianism,
economic failure and disappointment of the population forced to live with the lack of
freedom.
Raymundo Lima says that the postmodern political action, skeptical of traditional
political action (political parties, trade unions, representatives election, etc), prefers to
act through voluntary actions by NGOs, as well as in acts more or less spontaneous
groups and individuals who invest, for example, to improve the health of society. Are
pro-education actions to reduce violence in traffic, environmental pro-education actions,
the fight for the extinction of smoking and drugs, prevention of STD and AIDS,
participation in actions against hunger, serve to eliminate literacy, etc. may be of post-
modern inspiration.
According to Raymundo de Lima, in the Post-Modernity perversion and stress are
symptoms resulting from the lack of law, lack of time and lack of future prospects. Our
society is governed more by the desire to "show". There is a craving for pleasure at any
price. Everyone feels obliged to have fun, to "enjoy the balmy life" and "work hard to
have money or social prestige." In Postmodern Western society the scenes of visibility
tend to be obscene when excludes the dimension of subjectivity and privacy of
individuals. In other words, delete the dimension of private, making "all" public, the
daily life of eager fame of former anonymous of TV show Big Brother.
In his article Os movimentos sociais e os processos revolucionários na América Latina:
uma crítica aos pós-modernistas (The social movements and revolutionary processes in
Latin America: a critique of postmodernist), published on the website
<http://jornalggn.com.br/blog/luisnassif/uma-critica-a-ideologia-pos-modernista >,
Edmilson Costa, PhD in economics from Unicamp, said that the post-modernist
ideology is responsible for much of the defeats of social movements in these two
decades. Not only because the Post-Modernity influenced much of the youth and leaders
of social movements, but also because it led to frustration thousands of social activists
because the fragmented struggles has a rising trend in the beginning and will weaken to
be absorbed by the system as happened in 2013 the political demonstrations against the
government and the political system in Brazil.
Edmilson Costa says the Post-Modernity, as a theoretical and political movement,
involved diffuse forces, but influential with young people and various social
movements. The goal was to deconstruct the discourse of revolutionary political parties,
the trade union movement and Marxism itself, as theoretical synthesis of the social
revolution. For these forces, the speeches of broad themes, such as equality, socialism,
human emancipation, the historical values of the proletariat, the collective solutions
against human oppression, were a thing of the past and the product of a world that no

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longer existed. In place of these old themes, it was necessary to put a new discourse as a
way to recognize the fragmentation of reality and knowledge, the finding of the
difference, the emergence of new social subjects, with features specific values and
claims, as the movements social, gender, race, ethnicity, etc., and new forms of forms of
struggle, including waiver of the seizure of power.
The end of the centrality of work is one of the outstanding issues by postmodernists on
the grounds that the information technology, productive restructuring and the
accelerated integration of science in the production process became obsolete the concept
of working class and proletariat, even because these actors are becoming waste in a
globalized world dominated by the robotics, the Internet and advanced computing.
Based on the argument that the working class is decreasing worldwide, postmodernists
came to say goodbye to the proletariat, which would be a typical concept of the Second
Industrial Revolution. It is a mistake tremendous to reach this conclusion because they
do not consider that the proletariat is decreasing in central capitalist countries of Europe,
USA and Japan, but is clearly growing globally, with the displacement of thousands of
industries in the United States and Europe to Asia, a process that is entering at the world
of work hundreds of millions of workers in China, India and throughout Asia, in a
movement that is changing the global economy.
Another great absurdity is not considered that the more modernizes, the more inserts
science and technology in production and more expanded its organic composition of
capital, more pressing profit rates down. Therefore, capitalism cannot exist without its
counterpart, the proletariat that is the source of its profit. If capitalism automate all your
factories the system would collapse because robots are more disciplined than humans,
are able to work without rest, do not claim salary, or go on strike, but also has its
Achilles heel: not consumes goods and services. If capitalism doesn´t have consumers,
capitalists couldn´t sell their goods. That is, before a full automation, the system would
collapse because of its own contradictions.
Postmodernism is the typical ideological fetish of neoliberalism times and is the petty-
bourgeois ideology of sophisticated submission to the order of capital. The recent
approval by the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies of law of labor outsourcing is the
submission of the Brazilian parliament to the dictates of capital constituting in huge
setback to the detriment of workers. In fact, all who follow this ritual, directly or
indirectly, are subordinated to neoliberal ideology in the service of national and
international financial capital, give up an emancipatory project and hide their impotence
by a speech full of sociological abstractions, but very convenient to the capital. So fight
the general character struggles to fragment them in specific struggles, not openly
confront the ruling system.
The disappearance in today's world of the last critical rationality reserves advocated by
the Enlightenment and Modernity by which degraded in successive self-destruction
processes over time, paved the way for the Post-Modernity that is the increase in the
Calvary they are exposed to the humans and also a huge threat to the progress of
humanity. Given this fact, it is huge challenges for contemporary thinkers establish new
paradigms and new rational behavior amounts to be formulated for human society in the
current era aimed at defeating the nefarious political and ideological influence of Post-
Modernity, according to its ideologues, there are no truths, that all previous systems
were wrong and that nothing can be known. Contemporary thinkers need to mobilize in
the reinvention of a new Enlightenment project as did the thinkers of the eighteenth

3. 3
century for the construction of a new world order that leads to the end the Calvary of
humanity.
*Fernando Alcoforado , member of the Bahia Academy of Education, engineer and doctor of Territorial
Planning and Regional Development from the University of Barcelona, a university professor and
consultant in strategic planning, business planning, regional planning and planning of energy systems, is
the author of Globalização (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 1997), De Collor a FHC- O Brasil e a Nova
(Des)ordem Mundial (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 1998), Um Projeto para o Brasil (Editora Nobel, São
Paulo, 2000), Os condicionantes do desenvolvimento do Estado da Bahia (Tese de doutorado.
Universidade de Barcelona, http://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/1944, 2003), Globalização e
Desenvolvimento (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 2006), Bahia- Desenvolvimento do Século XVI ao Século XX
e Objetivos Estratégicos na Era Contemporânea (EGBA, Salvador, 2008), The Necessary Conditions of
the Economic and Social Development-The Case of the State of Bahia (VDM Verlag Dr. Muller
Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2010), Aquecimento Global e Catástrofe
Planetária (P&A Gráfica e Editora, Salvador, 2010), Amazônia Sustentável- Para o progresso do Brasil e
combate ao aquecimento global (Viena- Editora e Gráfica, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, 2011)
and Os Fatores Condicionantes do Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Editora CRV, Curitiba, 2012),
among others.