The human heart is both a muscle and an organ. As a muscle, it has contractions, and as an organ it has a function in the body. The heart has over 20 parts and two sections divided by a wall. It has four chambers and uses electrical signals from nodes to contract its chambers in the correct sequence over 250 times per minute at rest.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Extracts from the Leaves of Tithon...IOSR Journals
Phytochemical screening of extracts from the leaves of Tithonia diversifolia displayed the presence of
Alkaloids, Saponin, Saponin glycoside, Tannin, Balsam, Cardiac glycoside and Volatile oil. Spectrophotometric
analysis for trace metals, Phosphorus and Sulphur showed that T. diversifolia contained Mn (0.490+0.001
mg/100g), Zn (1.609+0.001 mg/100g), Cu (0.454+0.001 mg/100g), Ni (0.758+0.001 mg/100g), Fe
(0.690+0.002 mg/100g), P (55.62+0.200 mg/100g) and S (709+1.000 mg/100g). The medicinal properties of
the extract were evaluated in-vitro by antimicrobial and antifungal assays. The aqueous extract (but not
methanol and petroleum ether extracts) showed growth inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were resistant to all the plant
extracts and the antibiotic controls. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the aqueous extract of T.
diversifolia on S. aureus and E. coli were both 12.50mg. The Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of the
aqueous extract against the test organism ranged from 12.50mg to 25.00mg.
Lord Jeshua Christos describes in more detail what He has purchsed for you and what you are an heir to as a Child of God.
Love Lord Jeshua Christos
משׁיח Hebrew Messiah Lord Jeshua Christos 14 hy
High Priest of healing and prosperity
Cellphone & sms: +27 84 986 6797
Email: christosjeshua@gmail.com
Google, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Reddit, Bark, Tumblr, Pinterest, Blogger
Web address: http://christosjeshua.wixsite.com/jeshuachristos
Matrix Transformations on Some Difference Sequence SpacesIOSR Journals
The sequence spaces 𝑙∞(𝑢,𝑣,Δ), 𝑐0(𝑢,𝑣,Δ) and 𝑐(𝑢,𝑣,Δ) were recently introduced. The matrix classes (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ :𝑐) and (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ :𝑙∞) were characterized. The object of this paper is to further determine the necessary and sufficient conditions on an infinite matrix to characterize the matrix classes (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ ∶𝑏𝑠) and (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ ∶ 𝑙𝑝). It is observed that the later characterizations are additions to the existing ones
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Extracts from the Leaves of Tithon...IOSR Journals
Phytochemical screening of extracts from the leaves of Tithonia diversifolia displayed the presence of
Alkaloids, Saponin, Saponin glycoside, Tannin, Balsam, Cardiac glycoside and Volatile oil. Spectrophotometric
analysis for trace metals, Phosphorus and Sulphur showed that T. diversifolia contained Mn (0.490+0.001
mg/100g), Zn (1.609+0.001 mg/100g), Cu (0.454+0.001 mg/100g), Ni (0.758+0.001 mg/100g), Fe
(0.690+0.002 mg/100g), P (55.62+0.200 mg/100g) and S (709+1.000 mg/100g). The medicinal properties of
the extract were evaluated in-vitro by antimicrobial and antifungal assays. The aqueous extract (but not
methanol and petroleum ether extracts) showed growth inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were resistant to all the plant
extracts and the antibiotic controls. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the aqueous extract of T.
diversifolia on S. aureus and E. coli were both 12.50mg. The Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of the
aqueous extract against the test organism ranged from 12.50mg to 25.00mg.
Lord Jeshua Christos describes in more detail what He has purchsed for you and what you are an heir to as a Child of God.
Love Lord Jeshua Christos
משׁיח Hebrew Messiah Lord Jeshua Christos 14 hy
High Priest of healing and prosperity
Cellphone & sms: +27 84 986 6797
Email: christosjeshua@gmail.com
Google, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Reddit, Bark, Tumblr, Pinterest, Blogger
Web address: http://christosjeshua.wixsite.com/jeshuachristos
Matrix Transformations on Some Difference Sequence SpacesIOSR Journals
The sequence spaces 𝑙∞(𝑢,𝑣,Δ), 𝑐0(𝑢,𝑣,Δ) and 𝑐(𝑢,𝑣,Δ) were recently introduced. The matrix classes (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ :𝑐) and (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ :𝑙∞) were characterized. The object of this paper is to further determine the necessary and sufficient conditions on an infinite matrix to characterize the matrix classes (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ ∶𝑏𝑠) and (𝑐 𝑢,𝑣,Δ ∶ 𝑙𝑝). It is observed that the later characterizations are additions to the existing ones
The Use of Markov Model in Continuous Time for Prediction of Rainfall for Cro...IOSR Journals
In a first order Markov process, if the state is known for any specific values of the time parameter,
that information is sufficient to predict the next behavior of the process beyond that point. This principle was
used to formulate a four-state model in continuous time to study the annual rainfall data with respect to the
annual rainfall distribution for crop production in minna. It was observed that if it is low rainfall in a given
year, it would take at most 25%,33% and 27% of the time to make a transition to moderate rainfall also well
spread, high rainfall, and moderate rainfall but not well spread respectively in the far future. Thus given the
rainfall in a year, it is possible to determine quantitatively the probability of finding rainfall in other states in
the following year and in the long run. This is an important information that could assist the farmers to plan
strategies for high crop production in the region
The characteristics of SecondaryCharged Particlesproduced in 4.5 A GeV/c 28Si...IOSR Journals
To study the characteristics of secondary charged particles produced in 4.5GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions a lot of rigorous attempts have been made. The results reveal that the multiplicity correlations are not linear. The findings do not agree with those reported by several earlier workers. However, these correlations may be reproduced quite well by second order polynomial. It is also observed that the dependence of mean normalized, RA and reduced multiplicity, RS on the multiplicity of different charged secondaries is linear up to a certain value and then acquire almost a constant value. Results also reveal that the Kth root of central moment increases with the increase of <ns> and the values of normalized moments do not depend on the nature and the energy of the projectiles. Finally, it is observed that the integral multiplicity distribution of heavily ionizing tracks provide a method for selecting the disintegrations caused by the projectile due to different target nuclei of nuclear emulsion.
Digital Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Real Time Position Contr...IOSR Journals
Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) systems have emerged as one of the most promising areas for
Industrial Applications. The highly growth of fuzzy logic applications led to the need of finding efficient way to
hardware implementation. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is the most important tool for hardware
implementation due to low consumption of energy, high speed of operation and large capacity of data storage.
In this paper, instead of an introduction to fuzzy logic control methodology, we have demonstrated the
implementation of a FLC through the use of the Very high speed integrated circuits Hardware Description
Language (VHDL) code. FLC is designed for position control of BLDC Motor. VHDL has been used to develop
FLC on FPGA. A Mamdani type FLC structure has been used to obtain the controller output. The controller
algorithm developed synthesized, simulated and implemented on FPGA Spartan 3E board.
A red blood cell enters the right atrium from the superior vena cava..pdfamitbagga0808
A red blood cell enters the right atrium from the superior vena cava. In order, list ALL the
structures it passes through to reach the right coronary artery. Be sure to include ALL the
chambers of the heart, and the valves of the heart that it passes through. A red blood cell enters
the celiac trunk from the aorta. In order, list ALL the structures it passes through to reach the
right carotid artery. Be sure to include ALL the chambers of the heart, and the valves of the heart
that it passes through.
Solution
Q.No 1
Heart contains four chambers, two atria and a couple of ventricles. The blood that is definitely
returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated and s passed into the right ventricle to be pumped
through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for reoxygenation and elimination of carbon dioxide.
The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood through the lungs with the pulmonary veins,
that may be passed throughout the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the
various organs of one\'s body.
Superior Vena Cava
The superior vena cava is one of these two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the
entire body to heart. Veins through the head and upper body feed into the superior vena cava,
which empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Inferior Vena Cava
The inferior vena cava is one of these two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the
entire body to heart. Veins through the legs reducing torso feed into the inferior vena cava, which
empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Aorta
The aorta is the main single circulatory around the body. It is around the diameter from your
thumb. This vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to different parts of one\'s
body.
Pulmonary Artery
The pulmonary artery is the vessel transporting de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
the lungs. Perhaps the most common misconception is all arteries carry oxygen-rich blood. It
really is appropriate to classify arteries as vessels carrying blood away from the heart.
Pulmonary Vein
The pulmonary vein is the vessel transporting oxygen-rich blood through the lungs to the left
atrium. Perhaps the most common misconception is all veins carry de-oxygenated blood. It really
is appropriate to classify veins as vessels carrying blood to heart.
Papillary Muscles
The papillary muscles attach to the reduced percentage of the interior wall of one\'s ventricles.
They connect with the chordae tendineae, which attach to the tricuspid valve in the right
ventricle and the mitral valve around the left ventricle. The contraction of the papillary muscles
closes these valves. When the papillary muscles relax, the valves open.
Chordae Tendineae
The chordae tendineae are tendons linking the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the
right ventricle and the mitral valve around the left ventricle. As the papillary muscles contract
and relax, the chordae tendineae transmit the resulting increase and reduce in tension to
respecti.
The Use of Markov Model in Continuous Time for Prediction of Rainfall for Cro...IOSR Journals
In a first order Markov process, if the state is known for any specific values of the time parameter,
that information is sufficient to predict the next behavior of the process beyond that point. This principle was
used to formulate a four-state model in continuous time to study the annual rainfall data with respect to the
annual rainfall distribution for crop production in minna. It was observed that if it is low rainfall in a given
year, it would take at most 25%,33% and 27% of the time to make a transition to moderate rainfall also well
spread, high rainfall, and moderate rainfall but not well spread respectively in the far future. Thus given the
rainfall in a year, it is possible to determine quantitatively the probability of finding rainfall in other states in
the following year and in the long run. This is an important information that could assist the farmers to plan
strategies for high crop production in the region
The characteristics of SecondaryCharged Particlesproduced in 4.5 A GeV/c 28Si...IOSR Journals
To study the characteristics of secondary charged particles produced in 4.5GeV/c 28Si-nucleus interactions a lot of rigorous attempts have been made. The results reveal that the multiplicity correlations are not linear. The findings do not agree with those reported by several earlier workers. However, these correlations may be reproduced quite well by second order polynomial. It is also observed that the dependence of mean normalized, RA and reduced multiplicity, RS on the multiplicity of different charged secondaries is linear up to a certain value and then acquire almost a constant value. Results also reveal that the Kth root of central moment increases with the increase of <ns> and the values of normalized moments do not depend on the nature and the energy of the projectiles. Finally, it is observed that the integral multiplicity distribution of heavily ionizing tracks provide a method for selecting the disintegrations caused by the projectile due to different target nuclei of nuclear emulsion.
Digital Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Real Time Position Contr...IOSR Journals
Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) systems have emerged as one of the most promising areas for
Industrial Applications. The highly growth of fuzzy logic applications led to the need of finding efficient way to
hardware implementation. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is the most important tool for hardware
implementation due to low consumption of energy, high speed of operation and large capacity of data storage.
In this paper, instead of an introduction to fuzzy logic control methodology, we have demonstrated the
implementation of a FLC through the use of the Very high speed integrated circuits Hardware Description
Language (VHDL) code. FLC is designed for position control of BLDC Motor. VHDL has been used to develop
FLC on FPGA. A Mamdani type FLC structure has been used to obtain the controller output. The controller
algorithm developed synthesized, simulated and implemented on FPGA Spartan 3E board.
A red blood cell enters the right atrium from the superior vena cava..pdfamitbagga0808
A red blood cell enters the right atrium from the superior vena cava. In order, list ALL the
structures it passes through to reach the right coronary artery. Be sure to include ALL the
chambers of the heart, and the valves of the heart that it passes through. A red blood cell enters
the celiac trunk from the aorta. In order, list ALL the structures it passes through to reach the
right carotid artery. Be sure to include ALL the chambers of the heart, and the valves of the heart
that it passes through.
Solution
Q.No 1
Heart contains four chambers, two atria and a couple of ventricles. The blood that is definitely
returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated and s passed into the right ventricle to be pumped
through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for reoxygenation and elimination of carbon dioxide.
The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood through the lungs with the pulmonary veins,
that may be passed throughout the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the
various organs of one\'s body.
Superior Vena Cava
The superior vena cava is one of these two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the
entire body to heart. Veins through the head and upper body feed into the superior vena cava,
which empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Inferior Vena Cava
The inferior vena cava is one of these two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the
entire body to heart. Veins through the legs reducing torso feed into the inferior vena cava, which
empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Aorta
The aorta is the main single circulatory around the body. It is around the diameter from your
thumb. This vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to different parts of one\'s
body.
Pulmonary Artery
The pulmonary artery is the vessel transporting de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
the lungs. Perhaps the most common misconception is all arteries carry oxygen-rich blood. It
really is appropriate to classify arteries as vessels carrying blood away from the heart.
Pulmonary Vein
The pulmonary vein is the vessel transporting oxygen-rich blood through the lungs to the left
atrium. Perhaps the most common misconception is all veins carry de-oxygenated blood. It really
is appropriate to classify veins as vessels carrying blood to heart.
Papillary Muscles
The papillary muscles attach to the reduced percentage of the interior wall of one\'s ventricles.
They connect with the chordae tendineae, which attach to the tricuspid valve in the right
ventricle and the mitral valve around the left ventricle. The contraction of the papillary muscles
closes these valves. When the papillary muscles relax, the valves open.
Chordae Tendineae
The chordae tendineae are tendons linking the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the
right ventricle and the mitral valve around the left ventricle. As the papillary muscles contract
and relax, the chordae tendineae transmit the resulting increase and reduce in tension to
respecti.
FunctionsTransport oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissuesForm blood clots to prevent excess blood lossCarry cells and antibodies that fight infectionBring waste products to the kidneys and liver to filter bloodRegulate body temperature
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
The Human Heart
1. The heart is considered a “myocardial” muscle
It is both a muscle and an organ
It is a muscle because it has contractions in it’s operations
It is an organ because it has a “function” in the human body
2. The human heart has over 20 parts to it
The human heart has it’s own “battery Pack”
The human heart has two different
compressions
The human heart is divided into two sections
The human heart has 4 chambers
02/26/15 Archana Das 2
3. Heart tissue contracts because of it’s
“nodes”(battery type)
Heart tissue never rests
The human heart can have over 250
contractions(beats)per minute
The human heart at rest can have as few as 45
contractions/beats per minute
The human heart does not reach tetnae because
of lactic acid build up
02/26/15 Archana Das 3
4. The heart has 4 chambers
The inferior chambers of the heart pump blood
out of the organ
The superior chambers brings blood into the
heart
Valves allow blood to flow from one chamber to
the next
02/26/15 Archana Das 4
5. Deoxygenated blood comes to the heart
though two large veins called the
Inferior and Superior Vena Cava’s
The Inferior Vena Cava returns blood to
the heart from the inferior part of the
human body
The Superior Vena Cava returns blood
to the heart from the thorasic cavity and
superior to that area of the body
02/26/15 Archana Das 5
6. The Right Atrium is the smallest chamber of the
human heart
It is a storage area for blood to be held until it is
pumped into the Right Ventricle
The valve between the Right Atrium and the
Right Ventricle is the Atrioventricular Valve
02/26/15 Archana Das 6
7. The Right Ventricle is larger than the Right
Atrium
The Right Ventricle pumps blood into the
Pulmonary Arteries that go to the lungs
The valve between the Right Ventricle and the
Pulmonary Arteries is the Semilunar Valve
02/26/15 Archana Das 7
8. The Pulmonary Arteries deliver blood to the
Right and Left Lungs
The Arteries become smaller Arterioles
The Arterioles slowly become smaller Arterial
Capillaries
02/26/15 Archana Das 8
9. Waste gases (carbon dioxide/Lactic Acid)are
delivered in blood from the Pulmonary
Arteries
Osmosis is the process of gases moving from
levels of high pressure to areas having lower
pressure
Osmosis takes place in the Alveolis of the
Lungs
Humans inhale gas that is mostly Oxygen
Humans exhale gas that is mostly Carbon
Dioxide (sometimes it has Lactic Acid in it also
if you are exercising)
02/26/15 Archana Das 9
10. Gases change places in the Alveolis because the
pressure is greater in the opposing areas
Capillaries are microscopic blood vessels
carrying only one red blood cell at a time
Capillary walls are very thin
Because of the thin capillary walls, gas can go
through them to the other side
02/26/15 Archana Das 10
11. Carbon Dioxide exchanges places with Oxygen
within the lung’s alveoli
Humans then exhale the waste gases of Carbon
Dioxide and Lactic Acid
Oxygen is taken into the microscopic capillaries
back to larger venules and then to the
Pulmonary Veins
02/26/15 Archana Das 11
12. These veins are the only place in the Human
Body where oxygenated blood travels.
All other veins in the Human Body carry only
deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary Veins lead the newly oxygenated
blood back to the Left Atrium
02/26/15 Archana Das 12
13. The Left Atrium is larger than the Right
Atrium
The Left Atrium contracts to move oxygenated
blood to the Left Ventricle
The valve blood leaves through to the Left
Ventricle is the Mitrol Valve
02/26/15 Archana Das 13
14. The Left Ventricle is the largest, strongest,
thickest Chamber in the Human Heart
The Left Ventricle contracts with greater force
than any of the other Chambers
The Left Ventricle contracts strong enough to
create “Blood Pressure” thoughout all of the
bodies Arteries
Blood leaves the Heart though the Aortic Valve
into the Aortea
02/26/15 Archana Das 14
15. The Aorta is the largest, strongest Artery in the
Human Body
There are three parts to the Human Aorta
The Ascending Aorta, The Aortic Arch, and the
Descending Aorta
In the Aortic Arch, Three Arteries branch off
1 The Right Subclavian or Brachial Artery
2 The Common Carotid Artery
3 The Left Subclavian, or Brachial Artery
02/26/15 Archana Das 15
16. The Carotid Arteries deliver oxygenated blood
to the Brain on both sides of the neck (Left and
Right Carotid Arteries)
The two Carotid Arteries branch off of the
Common Carotid Artery
Blood returning to the Superior Vena Cava
come from the Jugular Veins (left and right)
02/26/15 Archana Das 16
17. The Right and Left Brachial Arteries deliver
oxygenated blood to both upper arms
From the Brachial Arteries come the Radial
Arteries
02/26/15 Archana Das 17
18. The Descending Aorta delivers oxygenated
blood to the inferior parts of the body
02/26/15 Archana Das 18
19. The Human Heart has two Nodes that aid in
the contractions of the Chambers
The Sinoarterial Node is found in the superior
section of the Right Atrium
The Atrioventricular Node is found between
the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle
Nodes have electrical power to cause the
Chambers to contract in a timely manner.
02/26/15 Archana Das 19
20. Distole
Happens when the Atriums contract and push
blood into the ventricles
Does not take a large amount of pressure to do
this
Systole
Happens when the Ventricles contract and
push blood out of the heart
Takes a tremendous amount of pressure to
pump blood into the Aorta
02/26/15 Archana Das 20
21. The Heart has 4 major Coronary Arteries
Bring blood to the Heart “Muscle”
Blood inside the 4 chambers does not feed the Heart
tissue with needed oxygen
Coronary Arteries are where Plaque or Cholesterol
usually collects
The main Coronary Artery is nicknamed the “Widow
Maker” due to the amount of Heart Attacks men of
early years suffered
Blocked Coronary Arteries can be repaired by cleaning
out the Plaque or Cholesterol “stuck” there
02/26/15 Archana Das 21
22. All Arteries in your body lead away from the
Heart
All Veins in your body lead to the Heart
The only Artery that does not carry
“oxygenated” blood is the Pulmonary Artery
The Pulmonary Artery takes de-oxygenated
blood from the Right Ventricle to the Lungs to
drop off Waste Gases
The Pulmonary Vein brings back oxygenated
blood from the lungs
02/26/15 Archana Das 22
23. Arterioles are smaller Arteries that branch off
main Arteries
Veinules are smaller Veins that branch off main
Veins
Capillaries are microscopic blood vessels where
only one blood cell can fit through at any one
time
You have veinus and arterial capillaries
02/26/15 Archana Das 23
24. Blood leaving the Heart through the Aorta will
take about 20-30 seconds to return to the Heart
Blood leaving Aorta will branch off and go
different directions every time it leaves the Heart
All blood returning to the Heart travels through
the Liver first to be refined
All blood has to go through these organs every
time it circulates: Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys
Otherwise, blood does not go to every cell in the
body
02/26/15 Archana Das 24
25. The Heart has it’s own “firing” sequence
This Sequence is called Sinus Rhythm
If the correct Sequence does not happen the
contractions of the Heart are called Fibrillation
Nodes are very similar to “Heart Batteries”
Nodes send out electrical signals for different
Chambers to contract in the correct order
02/26/15 Archana Das 25
26. The Sinoartrial Node is in the Right Atrium
wall
The Sinoarteral Node causes the Atriums to
contract pushing blood into the ventricles
The Sinoarteral Node is also known as the
“Pacemaker”
02/26/15 Archana Das 26
27. The Atrioventricular Node is in the walls
between the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle
The Atrioventricular Node causes the
Ventricles to contract
Blood leaves the Right Ventricle and goes
through the Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries
into the Lungs
02/26/15 Archana Das 27
28. Heart Valves are created in a way that blood
can only go “One Way”
Blood should not ever flow backwards
The Heart Valves should have “integrity”
Or be “blood proof”
02/26/15 Archana Das 28
29. Tricuspid Valves are found between the
Ventricles and the Atriums
Tricuspid Valves have three folds of tissue
There is not very much pressure exerted on
these Valves because blood does not move very
far
02/26/15 Archana Das 29
30. You have a Semilunar Valve between the
Ventricles and the Blood Vessels leaving the
Heart
The Pulmonary Valve and the Aortic Valves
are Semilunar type Valves
Semilunar Valves have two folds of tissue
02/26/15 Archana Das 30