The yellow-eyed penguin is a threatened species native to New Zealand. It is grey and black with yellow eyes and lives between 22 years. They live in pairs and lay two eggs, taking turns incubating the eggs. Their population is currently estimated between 6,000-7,000 individuals living on sub-Antarctic islands. Their habitat and numbers have declined due to introduced predators like cats and changes to land use. Conservation efforts aim to protect the species and involve studying penguin populations to monitor their health and survival.