this is a lesson plan of the heart helps nursing students

1. LESSON PLAN
SUB :- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
TOPIC: THE HEART
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
Ms. Hetal Patel

2. Title of course:- 1st
Year B Sc. Nursing
Placement of course:- Classroom of 1st
Year B. Sc. .Nursing
Title of topic:- The Heart
Name of teacher:- Mrs. Hetal patel
Group to be taught:- Student of 1st
Year B.Sc. Nursing
Strength of class:-
Place:- Classroom
Date:- 27-05-2022
Time:- 10:15am
Duration:- 15min
Method of teaching:- lecture cum discussion
Teaching aid:- Black board,
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE GROUP:-
The students have less knowledge about structure of Heart
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:-
At the end of the teaching session the students will have in depth knowledge about heart sand can able to utilize this knowledge
while plasticizing in the field of nursing.

3. SPECIFICS OBJECTIVES:-
At the end of the class student will be able to:
 Introduce the heart
 Discuss the position and organ associated with the Heart
 Describes the structure of heart
 Explain the blood supply to the heart
 Summary

4. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
1. To introduce the
heart
02
Min
INTRODUCTION
 The Hear is hollow, cone shaped muscular organ. It is
small organ. It is about 12cm (5inch) long, 9 cm
(3.5inch) wide and about the size of owner’s fist. An
average mass is 250gm in adult in females and 310 gm
in adult males.
Lecture cum
discussion
Black
board,
Flash card
What is the
weight and
shape of the
heart?

5. Sr. No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
2. Discuss the position
and organ associated
with the heart
03
min POSITION AND ORGAN ASSOCIATED WITH THE
HEART
-The heart rests on the diaphragm, near the midline of the
thoracic cavity. The hear lies in the thoracic cavity in the
mediastinum (space between the lungs )
-It lies obliquely, a little more to the left than the right and
presents a base above and apex below.
-The Apex is about 9 cm to the left of the midline at the level
of the 5th
intercostals space i.e. little below the nipple and
slightly nearer the midline.
-The base extends to the level of the 2nd
rib.
Lecture cum
discuss
Flash card
,Black
board
Which are the
organ associated
with heart?

6. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
 Superiorly –the aorta, superior vena cava, pulmonary
artery and pulmonary vein
 Inferiorly –the apex rests on the central tendon of the
diaphragm
 Anteriorly-the sternum, ribs and intercostals muscle
 Posteriorly-The esophagus, trachea, left and right
bronchus, descending aorta, inferior vena cava and
thoracic vertebrae
 Laterally –the lungs :the left lung overlaps the left
side of the heart

7. Sr. No. Specific objective: Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
3. Describes the
Structure of the Heart
03
min STRUCTURE OF THE HEART
THE HEART WALL
The heart wall is composed of three layers of tissues :
The Pericardium: Outer layer
The Myocardium.: A thin layer of tissue,
The Endocardium : Inner layer
THE PERICARDIUM
 The pericardium is the outermost layer and is made up
of two sacs. The outer sac consists of fibrous tissue and
the inner of a continous double layer of serous
membrane.
 The outer fibrous sac is continous with the tunic
adventitia of the great blood vessels above and is
adherent to the diaphragm below. It inelastic, fibrous
nature prevents overdistension of the heart.
Lecture cum
discussion
Flash card,
leaflets ,
Black board
Which are the
three layers of
the heart?

8. Sr. No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
The Parietal pericardium
 It is the outer layers of the serous membrane. The
serous membrane consists of flattened epithelial cells.
It secrets serous fluid into the space between the
visceral and parietal layers which allows smooth
movement between them when the heart beats.
The Visceral pericardium (epicardium)
 It is the inner layer continous with the parietal
pericardium. It adherent to the heart muscle.
THE MYOCARDIUM
 It is composed of specialized cardiac muscle found
only in the heart. It is not under voluntary control but
is striated like skeletal muscle.
 It thickest at the apex and thins out towards base. This
reflects the amount of work each chamber contributes
to the pumping of blood. It thickest in the ventricle,
which has the greatest workload.
 Myocardium is supported by a network of fine fibres
that run through all the heart muscle is called fibrous
skeleton of the heart.

9. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
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activity
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 Each fibres (cell) has a nucleus and one or more
branches. The ends of the cells and their branches are
in very close contact with the ends and branches of
adjacent cells.
 Cardiac muscle being a sheet of muscle rather than a
very large number of individual cells. Because of the
end to end continuity of the fibres each one does not
need to have a separate nerve supply.
THE ENDOCARDIUM
 This lines the chambers and valves of the heart. It is a
thin smooth glistening membrane that permits smooth
flow of blood inside the heart. It consists of flattened
epithelial cells and continous with the endothelium
lining the blood vessels

11. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
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activity
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teaching
aid
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CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
 The heart has four chambers. The two superior receiving
chambers are the atria and the two inferior pumping
chambers re the ventricle.
1. Right Atrium
2. Right Ventricle
3. Left atrium
4. Left ventricle
RIGHT ATRIUM :
 It forms the right border of the heart and receive blood
from three veins: The superior vena cava, inferior vena
cava, and coronary sinus.
 The right atrium is about 2-3 mm(0.08-0.12) in thickness.
The atrium and left atrium is separated by interatial
septum. A prominent feature of this septum is an oval
depression called the fossa ovalls.
 Blood passes from the right atrium into the right ventricle
through a valve that is called tricuspid valve, it consists
of three leaflets or cups.
 The cups of the tricuspid valve are connected to tendon
like cords, the chordate tendinea which in turn are
connected to cone shaped trabeculae carnea called
papillary muscles.

13. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
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activity
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teaching
aid
Evaluation
RIGHT VENTRICLE :
 The right ventricle is about 4-5mm (0.16-0.2) in average
thickness and forms most of the anterior surface of the
heart.
 It contains a series of ridges formed by bundle of cardiac
muscle fibres called trabaculae carnea.
 It helps the heart for conduction
 It is separated from the left ventricle by the
Interventricular septum.
 Blood passes from the right ventricle through the
pulmonary valve into a large artery called the pulmonary
trunk, which divides into right and left pulmonary
arteries.
LEFT ATRIUM :
 It is about the same thickness as the right atrium and
forms most of the base of the heart.
 It receives blood from the lungs through four pulmonary
veins.
 It has a smooth anterior and posterior wall, because
pectinate muscle are confined to the auricle of the left
atrium
 Blood passes from the left atrium into the left ventricle
through the bicuspid (mitral valve)
 It is also called the left atrioventricular valve

14. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
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activity
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teaching
aid
Evaluation
LEFT VENTRICLE :
 The ventricle is the thickest chamber of the heart, average
10-15 mm (0.4-0.6 inch) and forms the apex of the heart.
 Left and right ventricle contains trabeculae carnea and
has chordae tendinae that anchor the cups of bicuspid
valve to papillary muscle.
 Blood passes from the left ventricle through the aortic
valve into the ascending aorta from here blood flows into
the coronary arteries which branch from the ascending
aorta and carry blood to the heart wall.
 Branches of the arch of the aorta and descending aorta
carry blood throughout the body.

15. Sr.No. Specific objective Time Content Teaching &
Learning
activity
Name of
teaching
aid
Evaluation
4 Explain the blood
supply to the hear BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART
ARTERIAL SUPPLY
-the heart is supplied with arterial blood by the right and left
coronary arteries which branch from the aorta immediately distal
to the aortic valve. The coronary artery receive about 5% of the
blood pumped form the heart.
VENOUS DRAINAGE
Most of the venous blood is collected into a no of cardiac veins
that join to from the coronary sinus which open into the right
atrium.
NERVE SUPPLY
The hear is influenced by autonomic (sympathetic and
parasympathetic)nerve originating in the cardiovascular centre in
the medulla oblongata.
Lecture cum
discussion
Black
board
Which
artery
supply
blood to the
heart?

16. SUMMARY
Today we have seen the heart. In this we discussed about introduction, position, organ associated with the heart,
layers and chambers of the heart. Also included the blood supply to the heart.

17. CONCLUSION
From this class I have concluded that the group is now had in depth knowledge regarding the heart able to apply
the knowledge in Nursing field.

18. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Ross and Wilson,“Anatomy and physiology in health and illness.”Elsevier publication, 11th
edition 2011, page no.78-82