The Explosive Remnants of War: the Silent and Lasting Violence in the Arab Region… BY GHASSAN SHAHROUR, MD
XI Pan Arab Congress of Psychiatry, Psychological Consequences of Violence, 21-23 August 2008
د غسان شحرور
The Explosive Remnants of War in the Arab Region
DealerPoint works in the automotive IT business for more than 10 years. The company started as a developer of specialized CRM for the automotive business. Now it is a global automotive IT company that takes a scientific approach to help Cargo and commercial vehicle manufacturers and dealers identify where they should allocate resources in order to improve market share, profitability and customer loyalty in the most effective and efficient manner.
More about virtual vehicle remarketing from a B2B & B2C perspective. What's the future? Which trends influence this future and how can you apply these trends to your own remarketing strategy
E-brochure Asatti Garden House Vanya Park BSD City. Perumahan dan apartemen terbaru Sinarmas Land di komplek baru BSD CITY Vanya Park.
Info lengkap : http://investproperti.com/launching-asatti-garden-house-vanya-park-bsd-city/
Agile Arizona 2016 - Awesome Teams: Games for Continuous (Extreme?) TeamingRichard Kasperowski
Want an awesome team that builds great products? Great teams don’t happen by accident and they don't have to take a long time to build. In this keynote, Richard lays out the case for Continuous (Extreme) Teaming. Session participants will join in a flight of fun learning activity-sets. These will give you a taste of team awesomeness and how to start when you go back to work.
Richard builds on the work of Jim and Michele McCarthy, Bruce Tuckman, Gamasutra, Standish Group, Peter Drucker, and Melvin Conway. His learning activity-sets are short games, using elements from improvisational theater, The Core Protocols, Extreme Programming, and more.
Who should attend? Anyone who wants to create a great team and build great products. You’ll leave having embodied the essential elements of accelerated continuous team-building and awesomeness maintenance.
For those who want to get the most out of the session and activities, Richard suggests that you get a copy of his book, The Core Protocols: A Guide to Greatness, read with a marker pen, and come with questions about who, when, and where to use a protocol.
In this presentation, delivered for Vlerick Management school. I explain how to use the concept of lean in ICT. This presentation is scheduled to be together with 2 other talks. I dropped important aspects, that the other speakers already mention.
Older people hearing loss, Introduction for social workers association, 2017Ghassan Shahrour
مـدخـل الاختصاصيين الاجتماعيين إلى ضعف السّـمع لدى كبار السن” د غسان شحرور
Introduction to Social Workers on:
“Older People and Hearing Disability” by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
ما هو الوباء الصامت؟.
هل تعرف ثاني مشكلة صحية في العالم؟
هل تدخل الاختصاصي الاجتماعي لتحسين الحالة الاجتماعية هو أ-جزء لا يتجزأ من تحسين الحالة الصحية، أم ب- يساعد على تحسين الحالة الصحية؟.
ما المقصود: لنهتم دائماً بالأذنين وما بينهما ؟.
من التوصيات : ضرورة تطبيق برنامج المسح السّمعي للأشخاص المسنّين لاسيما في إطار برامج الرعاية الصحية الأولية.
ضرورة إقامة برامج تدريبية للعاملين الصحيين والاجتماعيين حول الإعاقة السّمعية عند المسنين، كشفها، وطرق تأهيل ومساعدة المعاقين سمعيا.
دعم البرامج الموجـهـة للأسرة حول طرق التعامل مع المسنين الصّم وضعاف السّمع، والمساعدة على التغلب على الصعوبات الحياتية التي قد تواجههـم.
Introduction- Down's syndrome growing efforts to meet the challenges in the a...Ghassan Shahrour
Introduction to Down's syndrome in the Arab region, prevelance, challenges and Growing efforts to meet the challenges in the Arab countries.by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
Update on hearing loss & dementia by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour نقص السمع والخ...Ghassan Shahrour
By: Ghassan Shahrour, MD.
Triangle Health Professional Development Network
trianglehpdn@gmail.com
هل يساعد نقص السمع على حدوث الخرف عند كبار السن محاضرة للدكتور غسان شحرور
أوقفوا العنف ضد الأطفال الصم مقال للدكتور غسان شحرور Ghassan shahrourGhassan Shahrour
Stop violence against deaf children..toward a community based approach.article by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour.
نحو مقاربة مجتمعية للعنف ضد الأطفال الصم د. غسان شحرور
DealerPoint works in the automotive IT business for more than 10 years. The company started as a developer of specialized CRM for the automotive business. Now it is a global automotive IT company that takes a scientific approach to help Cargo and commercial vehicle manufacturers and dealers identify where they should allocate resources in order to improve market share, profitability and customer loyalty in the most effective and efficient manner.
More about virtual vehicle remarketing from a B2B & B2C perspective. What's the future? Which trends influence this future and how can you apply these trends to your own remarketing strategy
E-brochure Asatti Garden House Vanya Park BSD City. Perumahan dan apartemen terbaru Sinarmas Land di komplek baru BSD CITY Vanya Park.
Info lengkap : http://investproperti.com/launching-asatti-garden-house-vanya-park-bsd-city/
Agile Arizona 2016 - Awesome Teams: Games for Continuous (Extreme?) TeamingRichard Kasperowski
Want an awesome team that builds great products? Great teams don’t happen by accident and they don't have to take a long time to build. In this keynote, Richard lays out the case for Continuous (Extreme) Teaming. Session participants will join in a flight of fun learning activity-sets. These will give you a taste of team awesomeness and how to start when you go back to work.
Richard builds on the work of Jim and Michele McCarthy, Bruce Tuckman, Gamasutra, Standish Group, Peter Drucker, and Melvin Conway. His learning activity-sets are short games, using elements from improvisational theater, The Core Protocols, Extreme Programming, and more.
Who should attend? Anyone who wants to create a great team and build great products. You’ll leave having embodied the essential elements of accelerated continuous team-building and awesomeness maintenance.
For those who want to get the most out of the session and activities, Richard suggests that you get a copy of his book, The Core Protocols: A Guide to Greatness, read with a marker pen, and come with questions about who, when, and where to use a protocol.
In this presentation, delivered for Vlerick Management school. I explain how to use the concept of lean in ICT. This presentation is scheduled to be together with 2 other talks. I dropped important aspects, that the other speakers already mention.
Older people hearing loss, Introduction for social workers association, 2017Ghassan Shahrour
مـدخـل الاختصاصيين الاجتماعيين إلى ضعف السّـمع لدى كبار السن” د غسان شحرور
Introduction to Social Workers on:
“Older People and Hearing Disability” by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
ما هو الوباء الصامت؟.
هل تعرف ثاني مشكلة صحية في العالم؟
هل تدخل الاختصاصي الاجتماعي لتحسين الحالة الاجتماعية هو أ-جزء لا يتجزأ من تحسين الحالة الصحية، أم ب- يساعد على تحسين الحالة الصحية؟.
ما المقصود: لنهتم دائماً بالأذنين وما بينهما ؟.
من التوصيات : ضرورة تطبيق برنامج المسح السّمعي للأشخاص المسنّين لاسيما في إطار برامج الرعاية الصحية الأولية.
ضرورة إقامة برامج تدريبية للعاملين الصحيين والاجتماعيين حول الإعاقة السّمعية عند المسنين، كشفها، وطرق تأهيل ومساعدة المعاقين سمعيا.
دعم البرامج الموجـهـة للأسرة حول طرق التعامل مع المسنين الصّم وضعاف السّمع، والمساعدة على التغلب على الصعوبات الحياتية التي قد تواجههـم.
Introduction- Down's syndrome growing efforts to meet the challenges in the a...Ghassan Shahrour
Introduction to Down's syndrome in the Arab region, prevelance, challenges and Growing efforts to meet the challenges in the Arab countries.by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
Update on hearing loss & dementia by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour نقص السمع والخ...Ghassan Shahrour
By: Ghassan Shahrour, MD.
Triangle Health Professional Development Network
trianglehpdn@gmail.com
هل يساعد نقص السمع على حدوث الخرف عند كبار السن محاضرة للدكتور غسان شحرور
أوقفوا العنف ضد الأطفال الصم مقال للدكتور غسان شحرور Ghassan shahrourGhassan Shahrour
Stop violence against deaf children..toward a community based approach.article by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour.
نحو مقاربة مجتمعية للعنف ضد الأطفال الصم د. غسان شحرور
LinkedIn as Continuing Professional Development Tools for Medical Doctors.(A...Ghassan Shahrour
LinkedIn as Continuing Professional
Development Tools for Medical Doctors.
(A case of ENT doctors)
(Introduction)
Ghassan Shahrour, MD.
Triangle Health Professional Development Network, NC, USA
trianglehpdn@gmail.com
Reflections on The 70th anniversary of the atomic bombings at Hiroshima and N...Ghassan Shahrour
Reflections on The 70th anniversary of the atomic bombings, and the role of the red cross red crescent movement in humanitarian disarmament and the principles of the red cross.
Ghassan Shahrour, The 70th anniversary of the atomic bombings at Hiroshima an...Ghassan Shahrour
The 70th anniversary of the atomic bombings at Hiroshima and Nagasaki by Ghasssan Shahrour, MD
Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
Dr Marcel Junod: like the palm of a hand.
‘We (…) witnessed a sight totally unlike anything we had ever seen before. The centre of the city was a sort of white patch, flattened and smooth like the palm of a hand. Nothing remained. The slightest trace of houses seemed to have disappeared.
Weapons must not cause damage to the natural environment that is widespread, long-term and severe.
The effects of nuclear weapons are catastrophic and cannot be contained.
Disarmament efforts and treaties
Potentially equal Hiroshima X 7
No adequate medical / humanitarian response would be possible
Blast could be followed by worldwide famin
ICRC General Assembly Conf. since 1948.
At NPT and IAEA.
- Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963,
- Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty in 1968,
- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, 1996.
The Global Conference on the Catastrophic Humanitarian Consequences of any use of NWs in Oslo 2013, Mexico 2014 and Vienna 2014.
ICRC marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This anniversary is a stark reminder of the appalling human costs of nuclear weapons. It should inspire all States to reaffirm their commitment to the elimination of nuclear weapons. We know now more than ever before that the risks of nuclear weapons are too high and the dangers too real. It is time to bring the era of nuclear weapons to an end and we urge this Review Conference to take the bold steps needed to achieve this noble goal.
39th arab deaf week in 2014 by dr. ghassan shahrourGhassan Shahrour
مدخــل إلى أسبوع الأصم العربي التاسع والثلاثين لعام 2014 د. غسان شحرور
Introduction to the 39th Arab Deaf Week in 2014by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
«أسبوع الأصم العربي»
الاتحاد العربي للهيئات العاملة مع الصّم
الرياضة في الاتفاقية الدولية
تاريخ رياضة الأشخاص الصم
عالميا و عربيا
دعوة إلى العمل
المراجع:
1. أسبوع الأصم العربي، الويكيبيديا الحرة، الدكتور غسان شحرور، أمين سرالاتحاد العربي للهيئات العاملة مع الصم.
2. المادة 8،«ميثاق حقوق الأصم في الوطن العربي»، الذي طُرح مشروعه لأول مرة في المؤتمر العام الخامس للاتحاد في عمان بالأردن، عام 1986، وأقره الاتحاد العربي للهيئات العاملة مع الصم بشكله النهائي في 1992.
3. المادة 30 اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لحقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، التي دخلت حيز التنفيذ في 3 أيار/مايو 2008.
4. Deaf Sports & Deafolympics, Presented to the International Olympic Committee, Prepared by Dr. Donalda K. Ammons, President, International Committee of Sports for the Deaf September 2008.
5. ملف الاجتماع التأسيسي للجنة العربية لرياضات الصم، العدد 197 لعام 2005، مجلة المنال، مدينة الشارقة للخدمات الإنسانية.
6. الندوة العلمية الثامنة للاتحاد العربي للهيئات العاملة مع الصم 28- 30 / 4 / 2008 تحت عنوان " تطوير التعليم و التأهيل للأشخاص الصم و ضعاف السمع"، الاتحادالسعودي لرياضة الصم، http://www.sdsf.gov.sa/page.php?do=show&action=ndoh
World Alzheimer's month, by Dr.Ghassan shahrour Ghassan Shahrour
شهر ألزهيمر العالمي: الخرف2013 ... رحلة الرعاية الإنسانية
...بقلم د غسان شحرور
كيف يتطور المرض؟:
مدخل إلى الكشف المبكر:
الشهر عربياً
د. غسّان شحرور
طبيب وكاتب، "اليرموك للإعلام الخاص"
نحو بيئة ممكنة للصم العرب 28 30 ابريل 08 ict enabling environment for the ...Ghassan Shahrour
ICT Toward Enabling Environment
for the Arab Deaf
Saudi Arabia April 28, 2008
“تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات...نحو بيئةٍ ممكَنةٍ للصمِّ العرب”الرياض - الندوة العلمية الثامنة (تطوير التعليم والتأهيل للأشخاص الصم وضعاف السّمع)22-24 /4/ 1429هـ الموافق 28-30 أبريل 2008م
The rights of older people with deafness and crpd dr. ghassan shahrourGhassan Shahrour
The Rights of Older People with Deafness and CRPD by Dr. Ghassan Shahrour
دور اتفاقية حقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة في تعزيز حقوق المعوقين سمعياً من كبار السّن
Introduction to nuclear weapons free zones by ghassan shahrourGhassan Shahrour
مدخل إلى المناطق الخالية من الأسلحة النووية في العالم
Introduction to Nuclear Weapons Free Zone in the World
د. غسان شحرور
الشبكة العربية للأمن الإنساني
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
DISSERTATION on NEW DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DRUG DISCOVERYNEHA GUPTA
The process of drug discovery and development is a complex and multi-step endeavor aimed at bringing new pharmaceutical drugs to market. It begins with identifying and validating a biological target, such as a protein, gene, or RNA, that is associated with a disease. This step involves understanding the target's role in the disease and confirming that modulating it can have therapeutic effects. The next stage, hit identification, employs high-throughput screening (HTS) and other methods to find compounds that interact with the target. Computational techniques may also be used to identify potential hits from large compound libraries.
Following hit identification, the hits are optimized to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in lead compounds. These leads undergo further refinement to enhance their potency, reduce toxicity, and improve drug-like characteristics, creating drug candidates suitable for preclinical testing. In the preclinical development phase, drug candidates are tested in vitro (in cell cultures) and in vivo (in animal models) to evaluate their safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Toxicology studies are conducted to assess potential risks.
Before clinical trials can begin, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application must be submitted to regulatory authorities. This application includes data from preclinical studies and plans for clinical trials. Clinical development involves human trials in three phases: Phase I tests the drug's safety and dosage in a small group of healthy volunteers, Phase II assesses the drug's efficacy and side effects in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and Phase III confirms the drug's efficacy and monitors adverse reactions in a large population, often compared to existing treatments.
After successful clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to regulatory authorities for approval, including all data from preclinical and clinical studies, as well as proposed labeling and manufacturing information. Regulatory authorities then review the NDA to ensure the drug is safe, effective, and of high quality, potentially requiring additional studies. Finally, after a drug is approved and marketed, it undergoes post-marketing surveillance, which includes continuous monitoring for long-term safety and effectiveness, pharmacovigilance, and reporting of any adverse effects.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The explosive remnants of war the silent and lasting violence in the arab region.. by dr. ghassan shahrour
1. The Explosive Remnants of War: the Silent and
Lasting Violence in the Arab Region
BY GHASSAN SHAHROUR, MD
XI Pan Arab Congress of
Psychiatry
Psychological Consequences of
Violence,
21-23 August 2008
د غسان شحرور
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 1
Coordinator of ANROLM
2.
About 75 countries are
affected by Explosive
Remnants of Wars
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 2
Coordinator of ANROLM
3.
The Explosive
Remnants of War in the
Arab Region
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 3
Coordinator of ANROLM
4. 31 Countries and territories affected by
cluster bombs
Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Azerbaijan,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Chad,
Chechnya, Croatia, Democratic Republic of
Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falklands/Malvinas,
Guinea Bissau, Iraq, Kosovo, Kuwait, Laos,
Lebanon, Montenegro, Nagorno-Karabakh,
Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Sudan,
Syria, Tajikistan, Uganda, Vietnam and
Western Sahara. Georgia
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 4
Coordinator of ANROLM
5. The Explosive
Remnants of War in the
Arab Region
In The World more than
500 thousands Survivors
In The Arab Region about
50 thousands Survivors
and 10 millions affected
(living in)
Ghassan Shahrour, MD,
Coordinator of ANROLM
5
6. Impact of anti personnel landmine
Indiscriminate
, Inhumane
Weapons:
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 6
Coordinator of ANROLM
8. Quality of Life
• Quality of life is a
multidimensional
concept
• Dimensions
encompass
– Physical health
– Psychological
health
– Level of
independence
– Social functioning
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 8
Coordinator of ANROLM
9. The needs of Survivors
-Human Rights
-People’s Rights
(Affected Community)
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 9
Coordinator of ANROLM
10. Mine
Risk
Education
MRE
Mine Risk Education programs or activities
reported in 63 countries and 8 areas.
7.3 million direct MRE recipients.
No MRE recorded in 36 countries and 1 area.
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 10
Coordinator of ANROLM
11. Cluster
Bombs
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 11
Coordinator of ANROLM
12. Case of
Kuwait
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 12
Coordinator of ANROLM
14. A Landmine Impact Survey, conducted in Yemen from
July 1999 to 2000 indicated landmine impacts as
follows:
Case of Yemen
Affected Affected Affected #of Mined
Governorates Districts Communities Areas
19 95 595 1088
Area in Population # of Recent # of Less
sq km Victims Recent Victims
923 827,000 178 4904
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 14
Coordinator of ANROLM
19. Community Liaison and Mine Risk
Reduction Education - Sudan
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 19
Coordinator of ANROLM
20. Case of Lebanon
Cluster bombs strikes
as at February 15,
2007
841 confirmed
CBU strike
locations
Combined into
378 Areas,
34.336.482
sqm
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 20
Coordinator of ANROLM
22. Mine & Cluster Bombs Victims
Since 1975, up to February 15, 2007
total: 4183
Killed : 1862
Survivors: 2321
Case of Lebanon
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 22
Coordinator of ANROLM
23. Cluster Bombs
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 23
Coordinator of ANROLM
24. Case of Lebanon
Cluster Bombs
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 24
Coordinator of ANROLM
25. Mines & Cluster Bombs Victims
Total –August 14, 2006 – February 15, 2007 217
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 25
Coordinator of ANROLM
32. Arab Net for Research on Landmine and ERW
anrolm@gmail.com
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 32
Coordinator of ANROLM
33. The Leading Role of Survivors
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 33
Coordinator of ANROLM
34. • Victim Assistance:
• Global Landmine Monitor has identified at
least 473,000 survivors as of August 2007.
• In the Arab region, It is estimated that the
survivors are 75,000 while 10 millions are
affected by the different impacts of ERWs.
• In many affected countries, assistance to
landmine survivors that include permanent
physical, health and social rehabilitation, can
be an enormous strain on resources since
ERW casualties deprive communities and
families of breadwinners.
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 34
Coordinator of ANROLM
35. • The Need for Psychological Support:
- Most of ERW survivors in our region, as in
some other regions, receive no Psychological
support. The attention mainly focus on
physical rehabilitation and social assistance
- The Gender Question !!!!!
- Also, the local people, ordinary people, who
live in affected areas suffering from these
silent and lasting violence, receive no
psychological support and complete neglect of
their suffering from stress and fear about their
lives and their children who may pay their lives
or limbs as a price for the silent ERW.
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 35
Coordinator of ANROLM
36. Conclusions:
• More actions are needed to reduce the violence
caused by ERW and to help the people at Global,
regional and national levels. Such actions include the
implementation of related International conventions,
regional cooperation and formulation of national
policies and action to promote actions including ERW
risk education, victim assistance as well as ERW
clearance. These international treaties have provided
strong opportunities to promote actions to get rid of
ERW and assist survivors.
• Unfortunately, as of March 2007, most of the Arab
states still outside the mine ban treaty, and only two
states joined the cluster monition convention.
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 36
Coordinator of ANROLM
37. Conclusions:
• It is highly recommended to adequately provide age- and gender-
sensitive assistance for and with partnership with the affected
communities, including medical care, rehabilitation and
psychological support, as well as provide for their social and
economic inclusion. The growing role of community based
organizations including ERW survivor organizations as well as
other nongovernmental organizations in our region with interest
of this issue is promising to help overcome the impacts of ERW.
• Inclusion of Survivors and more representation at all levels of
actions.
• Enabling affected regions to lead movements and campaigns.
• Regional strategies should be created and enhanced to clear
ERWs, promote ERW risk education and victim assistance
programs and exchange experiences.
• We hope that our continued efforts at all levels will one day
achieve our goal of a world truly free of ERW.
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 37
Coordinator of ANROLM
38. Where to find more?
- ICBL www.icbl.org
- http://www.stopclustermunitions.org
- GICHD www.gichd.ch
- UNMAS
www.mineaction.org
www.mineactionstandards.org
Unicef, UNDP, Handicap international, NPA, MAG
Arab Net for Research on Landmine and ERW anrolm@gmail.com
Arab Human security Network ahsn.net@gmail.com
Ghassan Shahrour, MD, 38
Coordinator of ANROLM