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Top Producers Seminar January 22, 2009 The Evolution of the Biofuels Industry and Corn’s Future Role
Topics to be Covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
About Context ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Warning:  This Consultant Has a Chart Fixation
Warning:  He Also Speaks in Acronyms   ACRONYMS:  A bsurdly  C ontrived  R epresentations  O f  N ames  Y ielding  M ass  S tupefication
Topics to be Covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  Production and Consumption have grown steadily through 2008 U.S. Ethanol Production, Imports & Consumption: Source:  Energy Information Administration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  Capacity growth came almost entirely from completion of projects already under construction U.S. Ethanol Plant Capacity: Missing Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source:  Renewable Fuels Association Plant List
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  Twenty-eight plants are currently idled U.S. Ethanol Production Capacity Idled: Note:  Plants with gray background are in chapter 7 or 11 bankruptcy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  The growth in the demand for corn to produce ethanol has been striking Corn Used in U.S. Ethanol Production: Source:  USDA, ERS, World Agricultural Supply & Demand Estimates 29.3% 23.3% 15.0% 17.5% Note:  Values listed above the bars are the % of U.S. domestic supply used for ethanol. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  Ethanol prices have fallen from ~$2.55/gal on Jan. 1, 2008 to ~1.60/gal on Jan. 13, 2009 Ethanol vs. RBOB Pricing: Source:  DTN Ethanol Center $3.00/gallon $2.00/gallon $1.00/gallon 1/1/08 4/1/08 7/1/08 10/1/08 1/1/09 10/1/07 $0.00 Price Differential ,[object Object],[object Object],RBOB: Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending
Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008  Ethanol industry profitability has been marginal throughout most of 2008 Historical Ethanol Operating Margins: April ’05 to Jan. ‘09 Return Over Operating Cost Net Cost of Corn Cost of Natural Gas Source:  Center for Agricultural Research & Development, Iowa State University 2008
Summary of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Topics to be Covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Impacts from the Financial Crisis   The financial crisis exacerbated the effect of the supply glut that was already forming.  Ethanol’s risk profile changed dramatically in the eyes of investors and lenders. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dow Jones Industrial Average
Topics to be Covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expected Changes in Biofuels Policy  The new Administration and Congress are likely to reduce support for corn-based ethanol over time During the summer of 2008, statements and policy documents on energy by the Obama campaign showed a de-emphasis on ethanol in general and a greater focus on cellulosic ethanol. Cellulosic Ethanol: As senator, Mr. Obama was supportive of efforts to expand the availability of E85.  His administration is likely to be supportive of increasing blend rates above E10. Blend Rate: The import tariff which was set to expire on Jan. 1, 2009 and was extended to Jan. 1, 2011 in the 2008 Farm Bill.  The Obama Administration generally supports the tariff but said it may reduce it over time.  On Jan. 16, 2009, Sen. Schumer announced plans to reintroduce legislation to lift the tariff. Import Tariff: The blenders’ credit was reduced to $0.45 per gallon for 2009 in the EISA legislation.  The Obama Administration has said that it supports the blenders’ credit for now but that it would review the amount of the credit over time.  Blenders’ Credit: The Obama Administration has affirmed its support for EISA and has proposed increasing it to 60 billion gallons by 2030. Mandated Blending  Volumes: Position Policy
Impact from Eliminating Blending Mandates  The blending mandates have a marked effect on the quantity of biofuels produced Source:  FAPRI,  The Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007: Preliminary Analysis of Selected Provisions 2011 - 2016 Average
Impact from Eliminating the Blending Credit & Import Tariff  Eliminating the blending credit and import tariff has little effect if the blending mandate remains 2011 - 2016 Average Source:  FAPRI,  The Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007: Preliminary Analysis of Selected Provisions
Impact from Changing Oil Prices  Ethanol production could exceed the EISA mandates by 2016/17 if oil prices exceed ~$50/bbl. Source:  FAPRI,  The Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007: Preliminary Analysis of Selected Provisions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other Possible Changes in Energy Policy Affecting Corn  The new Administration and Congress are likely to reduce support for corn-based ethanol over time A Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is also a certainty and very likely to be passed before GHG legislation.  An RPS would require a certain % of electric power to come from renewable resources.  Ag residues, while not as economical as other feedstocks, could eventually be utilized in power production either in CHP plants or in ethanol plants. Renewable Portfolio Standard: New legislation on GHG’s is a certainty.  The legislation is likely to contain a low-carbon fuels standard which should be generally favorable towards ethanol.  It could also contain provisions on the lifecycle effects of transportation fuels in terms of net reduction in GHG’s  for transportation fuels and other provisions about GHG emissions from agriculture in general.  GHG Limits: Position Policy
Steven Chu’s comments from interviews and confirmation hearings… Background on Key Administration Officials: Energy Secretary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Background on Key Administration Officials:  Agriculture  Secretary Presidential candidate, Tom Vilsack, commenting on ethanol & renewables… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Topics to be Covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2009 Ethanol Industry Prospects  USDA has been cutting its forecast since October 2008  USDA ERS 2008/2009 Corn Used in Ethanol Forecast: ,[object Object],[object Object],Source:  USDA, ERS Feed Outlooks
Corn Used in U.S. Ethanol Production: Source:  USDA, ERS, World Agricultural Supply & Demand Estimates 35.3% 29.3% 23.3% 15.0% 17.5% Note:  Values listed above the bars are the % of U.S. domestic supply used for ethanol. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2009 Ethanol Industry Prospects  Corn used in ethanol continues to increase its share of domestic supply
Futures Prices for Ethanol & Corn 2009 Ethanol Industry Prospects  Ethanol prices are expected to increase marginally during 2009, but so are corn prices Source:  NYMEX data posted by Barchart.com ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ethanol Plant Profitability as a Function of Ethanol and Corn prices Source:  D.J. Peters, Ph.D., Iowa State University, Research Bulletin  Ethanol Profit Margins – January 2009 Note:  For plants with a debt to total capitalization ratio of 60%. 2009 Ethanol Industry Prospects  2009 could be a very tough year for ethanol producers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2009 Ethanol Industry Prospects  Industry watchers are forecasting a “consolidation”.  Shake-out  seems more accurate. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ethanol Industry Development Post-2009   Low Gasoline Prices Will Restrict Increases in Ethanol Prices Futures Price of Ethanol & Gasoline: Feb. ’09 to Jan. ‘12 Source:  NYMEX data posted by Barchart.com RBOB: Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New Production Capacity Under Construction: Source:  Ethanol Producer Magazine plant list, company news releases and various other media Ethanol Industry Development post-2009  By 2010, production capacity could reach 14.0 BGY
Ethanol Industry Development post-2009  2010 and 2011 are not looking any better than 2009 U.S. Corn Ethanol Targets vs. Actual Consumption Source:  EPACT 2005, EISA 2007, EIA and Renewable Fuels Association ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Projected Ethanol Industry Development post-2009   The prospects for improved profitability are dim at this point based on futures prices Forecasted Ethanol Operating Margins: Feb. ’09 to May ‘11 Source:  Center for Agricultural Research & Development, Iowa State University Net Cost of Corn Cost of Natural Gas Return Over Operating Cost ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Next Three Years Will Look Similar to 1995-1998  The industry will retrench, but this time capacity will remain  U.S. Ethanol Production: 1980 - 2007 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source:  Renewable Fuels Association Industry Statistics
Projected Ethanol Industry Development post-2009   The outlook for  oil prices long term is encouraging for the ethanol industry’s future development Forecasted Oil Prices Source:  EIA,  2008 Annual Energy Outlook ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Projected Ethanol Industry Development post-2009  Corn-based ethanol production could exceed the EISA blending requirements by 2015 Projected U.S. Ethanol Production Source:  EIA,  2008 Annual Energy Outlook ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summing Up… Consultant’s  sometimes  have a hard time coming to a conclusion…and knowing when to shut-up.
Summing Up… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summing Up… ,[object Object],[object Object]
For more information contact: Jim Murphy, The Context Network  (515) 225-2204 (office)  (515) 468-1956 (cell)  jim.murphy@contextnet.com  www.contextnet.com Thank you

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The Evolution of the Biofuels Industry and Corn’s Future Role

  • 1. Top Producers Seminar January 22, 2009 The Evolution of the Biofuels Industry and Corn’s Future Role
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  • 4. Warning: This Consultant Has a Chart Fixation
  • 5. Warning: He Also Speaks in Acronyms ACRONYMS: A bsurdly C ontrived R epresentations O f N ames Y ielding M ass S tupefication
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  • 12. Review of Ethanol Industry Development in 2008 Ethanol industry profitability has been marginal throughout most of 2008 Historical Ethanol Operating Margins: April ’05 to Jan. ‘09 Return Over Operating Cost Net Cost of Corn Cost of Natural Gas Source: Center for Agricultural Research & Development, Iowa State University 2008
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  • 17. Expected Changes in Biofuels Policy The new Administration and Congress are likely to reduce support for corn-based ethanol over time During the summer of 2008, statements and policy documents on energy by the Obama campaign showed a de-emphasis on ethanol in general and a greater focus on cellulosic ethanol. Cellulosic Ethanol: As senator, Mr. Obama was supportive of efforts to expand the availability of E85. His administration is likely to be supportive of increasing blend rates above E10. Blend Rate: The import tariff which was set to expire on Jan. 1, 2009 and was extended to Jan. 1, 2011 in the 2008 Farm Bill. The Obama Administration generally supports the tariff but said it may reduce it over time. On Jan. 16, 2009, Sen. Schumer announced plans to reintroduce legislation to lift the tariff. Import Tariff: The blenders’ credit was reduced to $0.45 per gallon for 2009 in the EISA legislation. The Obama Administration has said that it supports the blenders’ credit for now but that it would review the amount of the credit over time. Blenders’ Credit: The Obama Administration has affirmed its support for EISA and has proposed increasing it to 60 billion gallons by 2030. Mandated Blending Volumes: Position Policy
  • 18. Impact from Eliminating Blending Mandates The blending mandates have a marked effect on the quantity of biofuels produced Source: FAPRI, The Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007: Preliminary Analysis of Selected Provisions 2011 - 2016 Average
  • 19. Impact from Eliminating the Blending Credit & Import Tariff Eliminating the blending credit and import tariff has little effect if the blending mandate remains 2011 - 2016 Average Source: FAPRI, The Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007: Preliminary Analysis of Selected Provisions
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  • 21. Other Possible Changes in Energy Policy Affecting Corn The new Administration and Congress are likely to reduce support for corn-based ethanol over time A Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is also a certainty and very likely to be passed before GHG legislation. An RPS would require a certain % of electric power to come from renewable resources. Ag residues, while not as economical as other feedstocks, could eventually be utilized in power production either in CHP plants or in ethanol plants. Renewable Portfolio Standard: New legislation on GHG’s is a certainty. The legislation is likely to contain a low-carbon fuels standard which should be generally favorable towards ethanol. It could also contain provisions on the lifecycle effects of transportation fuels in terms of net reduction in GHG’s for transportation fuels and other provisions about GHG emissions from agriculture in general. GHG Limits: Position Policy
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  • 31. New Production Capacity Under Construction: Source: Ethanol Producer Magazine plant list, company news releases and various other media Ethanol Industry Development post-2009 By 2010, production capacity could reach 14.0 BGY
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  • 37. Summing Up… Consultant’s sometimes have a hard time coming to a conclusion…and knowing when to shut-up.
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  • 40. For more information contact: Jim Murphy, The Context Network (515) 225-2204 (office) (515) 468-1956 (cell) jim.murphy@contextnet.com www.contextnet.com Thank you