This document discusses the emotional vulnerability of organizations and how they can become more adaptable. It argues that organizations become vulnerable when they rely too heavily on outdated paradigms and are unable to generate new responses to changing environments. The key factors that contribute to organizational vulnerability are identified as inefficiency, inertia, and resistance to change. The document then provides a framework for transforming organizations by reshaping the emotional experiences and relationships within the organization to create a more stimulating environment that encourages purposeful decision-making and adaptation to change. Interventions are proposed to clearly define organizational objectives, build trust through symmetrical relationships, inspire meaningful work, and encourage transformational leadership.
Organizations are used to manage human systems such as mechanical systems. Organizations do not know what to do with emotions. Historically, emotions have been underestimated or ignored in organizational design, which focus on the idea that emotions affect accuracy. Currently this premise regarding emotions, keeps organizations locked in a race to self-destruction. In many cases, organizations focus their efforts on increasing their strength, size and power by investing resources to strengthen the physical structure of the system and underestimate the emotional capacity as a vulnerability factor in performance
The steps we decide daily are base on our perception of the world around. However, does not mean a neutral visual image; it is a subjective construction of reality that defines the own version of the events around us. From this personal interpretation, we make decisions and project actions.
Family therapy views psychological disturbances in their family context. The goals are to explore family interaction dynamics, mobilize family strengths, restructure maladaptive styles, and strengthen problem-solving. Family therapy emerged in the 1950s as therapists explored family dynamics and found that some patients regressed after individual treatment returned home. Structural family therapy, developed by Salvador Minuchin, analyzes relationships within a family system. It aims to transform dysfunctional homeostasis by restructuring boundaries, alliances, and hierarchies through techniques like enactment and intensity regulation.
This document summarizes research on adult attachment styles and narcissistic vulnerability. It discusses how attachment theory has been applied to adult romantic relationships, identifying secure and insecure attachment categories. Insecure attachments, though appearing different (anxious vs. avoidant), may serve similar functions in managing narcissistic vulnerability. The paper argues that insecure attachments reflect strategies for managing greater levels of narcissistic vulnerability, or fragile self-esteem, than secure attachments.
Splitting the affective atom: Divergence of valence and approach-avoidance mo...Maciej Behnke
Valence and approach-avoidance motivation are two distinct but closely related components of affect. However, little is known about how these two processes evolve and covary in a dynamic affective context.We formulated several hypotheses based on the Motivational Dimensional Model of Affect. We expected that anger would be a unique approach-related rather than avoidancerelated negative emotion. We also expected that high-approach positive emotions (e.g., desire) would differ from low-approach positive emotions (e.g., amusement) producing a stronger link between valence and approach-avoidance motivation. We also explored other dynamic properties of discrete emotions such as the difference between approach-avoidance motivation and valence as a marker of balance within affective components. We asked 69 participants to provide continuous ratings of valence and approach-avoidance motivation for eight standardized clips representing different discrete emotions. Using multilevel modeling, we established a significant relationship between valence and approach-avoidance motivation with high-approach emotions producing a stronger link between valence and approach-avoidance motivation compared to neutral states and lowapproach emotions. Contrary to expectations, we observed that individuals exhibited an avoidance response during anger elicitation. Finally, we found that awe was a distinct positive emotion where approach motivation dominated over valence. These findings are relevant to the theory and research on diverging processes within the core structure of affect.
1. Bowen's theory describes an evolutionary process where families balance the needs for intimacy and individuality.
2. Psychological problems stem from a family's inability to effectively manage stress, leading to increased reactivity and fusion between members.
3. Bowen's theory incorporates concepts from other therapies and retains broad applicability, emphasizing the role of stress in health issues.
Fds the symptom is not a sign but a means to an endMosheAlmagor
The document describes the Functional Dialectic System (FDS) approach to therapy. FDS is a short-term, solution-focused approach based on the view that individuals function within social systems. It posits that behavior is goal-directed and symptoms represent functional means for meeting needs. FDS helps clients regain control by redefining problems dialectically and exploring functional meanings and solutions. Treatment involves joining with clients, redefining problems, developing contracts, and working through issues to termination. FDS trains therapists to identify functional meanings behind pathological behaviors and concepts through dialectical thinking.
Organizations are used to manage human systems such as mechanical systems. Organizations do not know what to do with emotions. Historically, emotions have been underestimated or ignored in organizational design, which focus on the idea that emotions affect accuracy. Currently this premise regarding emotions, keeps organizations locked in a race to self-destruction. In many cases, organizations focus their efforts on increasing their strength, size and power by investing resources to strengthen the physical structure of the system and underestimate the emotional capacity as a vulnerability factor in performance
The steps we decide daily are base on our perception of the world around. However, does not mean a neutral visual image; it is a subjective construction of reality that defines the own version of the events around us. From this personal interpretation, we make decisions and project actions.
Family therapy views psychological disturbances in their family context. The goals are to explore family interaction dynamics, mobilize family strengths, restructure maladaptive styles, and strengthen problem-solving. Family therapy emerged in the 1950s as therapists explored family dynamics and found that some patients regressed after individual treatment returned home. Structural family therapy, developed by Salvador Minuchin, analyzes relationships within a family system. It aims to transform dysfunctional homeostasis by restructuring boundaries, alliances, and hierarchies through techniques like enactment and intensity regulation.
This document summarizes research on adult attachment styles and narcissistic vulnerability. It discusses how attachment theory has been applied to adult romantic relationships, identifying secure and insecure attachment categories. Insecure attachments, though appearing different (anxious vs. avoidant), may serve similar functions in managing narcissistic vulnerability. The paper argues that insecure attachments reflect strategies for managing greater levels of narcissistic vulnerability, or fragile self-esteem, than secure attachments.
Splitting the affective atom: Divergence of valence and approach-avoidance mo...Maciej Behnke
Valence and approach-avoidance motivation are two distinct but closely related components of affect. However, little is known about how these two processes evolve and covary in a dynamic affective context.We formulated several hypotheses based on the Motivational Dimensional Model of Affect. We expected that anger would be a unique approach-related rather than avoidancerelated negative emotion. We also expected that high-approach positive emotions (e.g., desire) would differ from low-approach positive emotions (e.g., amusement) producing a stronger link between valence and approach-avoidance motivation. We also explored other dynamic properties of discrete emotions such as the difference between approach-avoidance motivation and valence as a marker of balance within affective components. We asked 69 participants to provide continuous ratings of valence and approach-avoidance motivation for eight standardized clips representing different discrete emotions. Using multilevel modeling, we established a significant relationship between valence and approach-avoidance motivation with high-approach emotions producing a stronger link between valence and approach-avoidance motivation compared to neutral states and lowapproach emotions. Contrary to expectations, we observed that individuals exhibited an avoidance response during anger elicitation. Finally, we found that awe was a distinct positive emotion where approach motivation dominated over valence. These findings are relevant to the theory and research on diverging processes within the core structure of affect.
1. Bowen's theory describes an evolutionary process where families balance the needs for intimacy and individuality.
2. Psychological problems stem from a family's inability to effectively manage stress, leading to increased reactivity and fusion between members.
3. Bowen's theory incorporates concepts from other therapies and retains broad applicability, emphasizing the role of stress in health issues.
Fds the symptom is not a sign but a means to an endMosheAlmagor
The document describes the Functional Dialectic System (FDS) approach to therapy. FDS is a short-term, solution-focused approach based on the view that individuals function within social systems. It posits that behavior is goal-directed and symptoms represent functional means for meeting needs. FDS helps clients regain control by redefining problems dialectically and exploring functional meanings and solutions. Treatment involves joining with clients, redefining problems, developing contracts, and working through issues to termination. FDS trains therapists to identify functional meanings behind pathological behaviors and concepts through dialectical thinking.
¿Por qué considerar un factor sensible de abordaje las emociones en las organizaciones? Por la necesidad de ampliar la diversidad de respuestas y redefinir las formas de adaptación frente a los cambios de un contexto en transformación. La capacidad de respuesta de un grupo u organización, no depende solo de su potencial físico o tecnológico, por el contrario, gran parte del desempeño depende de la capacidad emocional de las personas para generar la diversidad de respuestas en las condiciones de velocidad adaptativa que el contexto demanda.
The interpretations of our daily lives are supported by a subjective script that distributes characters, organizes the sequence of events, and defines results over time. This personal script reshapes the past, defines the experiences in the present and make projections about future results.This personal script is consequence of our history, our experiences and our habits.
La mayoría de estos momentos históricos se han resuelto profundizando viejos paradigmas y forzando los espacios laborales a un mayor mecanicismo. Las consecuencias están a nuestro alrededor. La pregunta de este nuevo momento histórico es: ¿cómo transformar las condiciones laborales para sostener un crecimiento productivo con calidad de vida?
Las emociones definen la calidad de las respuestas de las personas frente a su entorno cotidiano.
Cinco fórmulas para enfrentar nuevos contextosInner Landscape
Enfrentamos nuevas condiciones de vida generadas por un contexto social y económico que se mueve con una velocidad inusitada y redefine permanentemente las “reglas de juego” de nuestra actividad. En este marco, las cinco fórmulas son una representación de cinco dimensiones de abordaje para un nuevo territorio de desarrollo.
Este documento presenta un resumen de un tema sobre la auditoría, el plan y el manual de comunicación impartido en la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia entre febrero y marzo de 2013. Explica brevemente qué es un plan de comunicación, cómo se elabora incluyendo la definición de objetivos, públicos, medios, plazos y presupuesto, y la importancia de evaluar los resultados. También incluye algunos ejemplos y consideraciones sobre la elaboración de un plan de comunicación efectivo.
En la actualidad, la interrelación de los sistemas sociales
aparece mucho más desordenada, producto de la interdependencia global que genera repercusiones inmediatas de los movimientos en diferentes latitudes.
Estos aspectos, entre otros movimientos de transformación en el contexto global, han redefinido un marco de referencia cotidiano que ha quedado sin mayores antecedentes.
Atrapados en el relato. La neurobiología de nuestro paisaje emocional.Inner Landscape
Nosotros explicamos el mundo para contener el impacto emocional de nuestras condiciones de vida. Decidimos en base a un relato de la realidad (una explicación personal de los hechos). Nosotros no decidimos sobre la base de los hechos. A menudo nuestras decisiones tienen como objetivo sostener el relato de la realidad, no resolver situaciones de la realidad.
We live inside our frame of experiences. These experiences arise from the combination of content and emotions that create emotional states that color our decisions. Redefining the experience keeps the group (team/organization) in a state of movement and creativity. If the system is too tight, the risk is a
stereotyped or compulsive response. If the system is very
relaxed, the risk is the lack of appropriate responses. The
consequence of indifference is the ineffectiveness.
¿Por qué las iniciativas de cambio fracasan? Porque se focalizan en los síntomas o en los comportamientos visibles que quieren cambiar y no abordan las condiciones que sostienen a estos síntomas. Lo que comúnmente llamamos “síntomas”, suelen responder “formas creativas de vida” que tienen una función en los sistemas humanos. Esto significa que las disfunciones son necesarias para mantener la estructura del sistema. Los síntomas son señales de un sistema que ha quedado inerte frente a un proceso de transición y que no puede dar un paso hacia la transformación de nuevas condiciones de vida.
Our daily life is a sequence of experiences that we organize through a script that brings meaning to the events. The script, as a “conscious version,” is a personal frame of reference that reshapes the past, describes the present and projects the future.
In this sense, our experiences are like a “subjective package” of representations that arise from the articulation of cognitive
and emotional dimensions (“what we think” and “what we feel”). Therefore, the relationship with reality is the relationship with our explanations of reality. The (positive or negative) sign of the experience does not depend exclusively on the conditions of reality, but it is also dependent on the capabilities of the personal script to contain and interpret the impacts of daily events in our inner landscape.
Programa de entrenamiento online 2015. Innovación, competitividad y crecimiento sustentable.
Cómo ampliar la capacidad de respuesta de los equipos y las organizaciones en contextos inestables.
The document outlines the human resource management portfolio for Creative Adventures Catholic Daycare, including job analyses, descriptions and specifications for three positions (ECE IT, ECE, Administrative Assistant), as well as recruitment strategies, selection processes, orientation and training programs, performance evaluations, compensation, benefits, health and safety policies, and workplace rules. Detailed appendices provide tools to aid in recruitment, selection, orientation and policy implementation to ensure compliance with regulations.
La sensibilidad frente a lo nuevo, define la permanencia de un sistema en su contexto. La sensibilidad de los sistemas humanos, se define en la capacidad para generar nuevas respuestas frente las nuevas exigencias de su entorno. De lo contrario, las personas seguirán respondiendo a lo nuevo desde los viejos parámetros de convivencia.
El principio del deterioro para las organizaciones está sustentado en rigidez e imposibilidad para generar nuevas respuestas frente nuevas situaciones de su entorno. Se enfrentan al presente desde pasado. El problema se agrava porque estamos viviendo un contexto en transformación. El paisaje cotidiano de las últimas décadas se está redefiniendo, sin tener aún precisión de la imagen definitiva de este proceso. Esta apertura a “lo nuevo” aumenta las demandas y las exigencias para las organizaciones.
El documento presenta varias matrices para el desarrollo de una propuesta organizacional. Incluye una matriz de propuesta diferencial que describe la propuesta básica, los atributos diferenciales y la solución al problema/promesa. También incluye matrices funcionales de públicos, de evaluación y de acciones estratégicas para analizar los públicos objetivo, medir el desempeño y definir programas de trabajo. El objetivo final es diseñar los productos esperados, metas y estructura de gestión para implementar la propuesta.
Emotions are responsible for image of the territory where we live. Our past unfolds in the thoughts and emotions that establish emotional territories at present. How? All living beings need to frame its territory to make decisions about their movements. Our brain chemistry defines the limitations and potential of the landscape that we face daily. So, when we address everyday situations, our participation transforms the dynamics of "facts" in the "subjective territory" that we face daily.
Paisaje interior - Abordaje de emociones nocivasInner Landscape
El documento describe un ejercicio para recuperar las emociones y transformar las respuestas. Explica que las personas interpretan la realidad a través de un "paisaje interior" influenciado por emociones, que a su vez influyen en cómo ven las cosas (mirada), cómo las interpretan e incluso las decisiones que toman. El objetivo es identificar los patrones emocionales habituales y alternativos.
El documento discute cómo el futuro influye en el presente y pasado. Explica que nuestro futuro, definido por nuestras metas y búsquedas, establece los límites de nuestro desarrollo personal y condiciona nuestro presente. Aunque el pasado establece limitaciones físicas y psicológicas, somos nosotros quienes negociamos con el presente y trazamos los límites de nuestro futuro a través de nuestras decisiones. Para transformar el presente y avanzar, debemos aventurarn
Cinco fórmulas para enfrentar nuevos contextosInner Landscape
Las cinco fórmulas son una representación de cinco dimensiones de abordaje de un nuevo territorio de desarrollo. Tanto en lo individual como grupal o corporativo, enfrentamos nuevas condiciones de vida generadas por un contexto social y económico que se mueve con una velocidad inusitada, con factores profundos de interdependencia que redefinen permanentemente las “reglas de juego” de un sistema productivo.
Emotions are the "core" of responses in human systems. And to cope with a changing context, it needs to strengthen confidence, integration, decision under uncertainty, taking risks, visualize nonexistent spaces. So the challenge is to empower people and organizations to move into a new landscape, to conquer new spaces and develop new living conditions.
Theoretical Perspectives in Social PsychologyKates Grajales
The document discusses several theories of social psychology, including:
- Role Theory, which proposes that people conform to norms defined by the expectations of others in the roles they occupy.
- Reinforcement Theory, which asserts that social behavior is governed by external reinforcement and punishment of responses.
- Cognitive Theory, which emphasizes the role of cognition, perception, memory and beliefs in determining social behavior.
- Symbolic Interaction Theory, which views social behavior as emerging from communication and the negotiation of meanings between individuals.
- Evolutionary Theory, which proposes that social behaviors evolved to aid survival and reproduction of our ancestors.
The document provides overviews and key concepts of each theory, as well as some of their limitations.
¿Por qué considerar un factor sensible de abordaje las emociones en las organizaciones? Por la necesidad de ampliar la diversidad de respuestas y redefinir las formas de adaptación frente a los cambios de un contexto en transformación. La capacidad de respuesta de un grupo u organización, no depende solo de su potencial físico o tecnológico, por el contrario, gran parte del desempeño depende de la capacidad emocional de las personas para generar la diversidad de respuestas en las condiciones de velocidad adaptativa que el contexto demanda.
The interpretations of our daily lives are supported by a subjective script that distributes characters, organizes the sequence of events, and defines results over time. This personal script reshapes the past, defines the experiences in the present and make projections about future results.This personal script is consequence of our history, our experiences and our habits.
La mayoría de estos momentos históricos se han resuelto profundizando viejos paradigmas y forzando los espacios laborales a un mayor mecanicismo. Las consecuencias están a nuestro alrededor. La pregunta de este nuevo momento histórico es: ¿cómo transformar las condiciones laborales para sostener un crecimiento productivo con calidad de vida?
Las emociones definen la calidad de las respuestas de las personas frente a su entorno cotidiano.
Cinco fórmulas para enfrentar nuevos contextosInner Landscape
Enfrentamos nuevas condiciones de vida generadas por un contexto social y económico que se mueve con una velocidad inusitada y redefine permanentemente las “reglas de juego” de nuestra actividad. En este marco, las cinco fórmulas son una representación de cinco dimensiones de abordaje para un nuevo territorio de desarrollo.
Este documento presenta un resumen de un tema sobre la auditoría, el plan y el manual de comunicación impartido en la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia entre febrero y marzo de 2013. Explica brevemente qué es un plan de comunicación, cómo se elabora incluyendo la definición de objetivos, públicos, medios, plazos y presupuesto, y la importancia de evaluar los resultados. También incluye algunos ejemplos y consideraciones sobre la elaboración de un plan de comunicación efectivo.
En la actualidad, la interrelación de los sistemas sociales
aparece mucho más desordenada, producto de la interdependencia global que genera repercusiones inmediatas de los movimientos en diferentes latitudes.
Estos aspectos, entre otros movimientos de transformación en el contexto global, han redefinido un marco de referencia cotidiano que ha quedado sin mayores antecedentes.
Atrapados en el relato. La neurobiología de nuestro paisaje emocional.Inner Landscape
Nosotros explicamos el mundo para contener el impacto emocional de nuestras condiciones de vida. Decidimos en base a un relato de la realidad (una explicación personal de los hechos). Nosotros no decidimos sobre la base de los hechos. A menudo nuestras decisiones tienen como objetivo sostener el relato de la realidad, no resolver situaciones de la realidad.
We live inside our frame of experiences. These experiences arise from the combination of content and emotions that create emotional states that color our decisions. Redefining the experience keeps the group (team/organization) in a state of movement and creativity. If the system is too tight, the risk is a
stereotyped or compulsive response. If the system is very
relaxed, the risk is the lack of appropriate responses. The
consequence of indifference is the ineffectiveness.
¿Por qué las iniciativas de cambio fracasan? Porque se focalizan en los síntomas o en los comportamientos visibles que quieren cambiar y no abordan las condiciones que sostienen a estos síntomas. Lo que comúnmente llamamos “síntomas”, suelen responder “formas creativas de vida” que tienen una función en los sistemas humanos. Esto significa que las disfunciones son necesarias para mantener la estructura del sistema. Los síntomas son señales de un sistema que ha quedado inerte frente a un proceso de transición y que no puede dar un paso hacia la transformación de nuevas condiciones de vida.
Our daily life is a sequence of experiences that we organize through a script that brings meaning to the events. The script, as a “conscious version,” is a personal frame of reference that reshapes the past, describes the present and projects the future.
In this sense, our experiences are like a “subjective package” of representations that arise from the articulation of cognitive
and emotional dimensions (“what we think” and “what we feel”). Therefore, the relationship with reality is the relationship with our explanations of reality. The (positive or negative) sign of the experience does not depend exclusively on the conditions of reality, but it is also dependent on the capabilities of the personal script to contain and interpret the impacts of daily events in our inner landscape.
Programa de entrenamiento online 2015. Innovación, competitividad y crecimiento sustentable.
Cómo ampliar la capacidad de respuesta de los equipos y las organizaciones en contextos inestables.
The document outlines the human resource management portfolio for Creative Adventures Catholic Daycare, including job analyses, descriptions and specifications for three positions (ECE IT, ECE, Administrative Assistant), as well as recruitment strategies, selection processes, orientation and training programs, performance evaluations, compensation, benefits, health and safety policies, and workplace rules. Detailed appendices provide tools to aid in recruitment, selection, orientation and policy implementation to ensure compliance with regulations.
La sensibilidad frente a lo nuevo, define la permanencia de un sistema en su contexto. La sensibilidad de los sistemas humanos, se define en la capacidad para generar nuevas respuestas frente las nuevas exigencias de su entorno. De lo contrario, las personas seguirán respondiendo a lo nuevo desde los viejos parámetros de convivencia.
El principio del deterioro para las organizaciones está sustentado en rigidez e imposibilidad para generar nuevas respuestas frente nuevas situaciones de su entorno. Se enfrentan al presente desde pasado. El problema se agrava porque estamos viviendo un contexto en transformación. El paisaje cotidiano de las últimas décadas se está redefiniendo, sin tener aún precisión de la imagen definitiva de este proceso. Esta apertura a “lo nuevo” aumenta las demandas y las exigencias para las organizaciones.
El documento presenta varias matrices para el desarrollo de una propuesta organizacional. Incluye una matriz de propuesta diferencial que describe la propuesta básica, los atributos diferenciales y la solución al problema/promesa. También incluye matrices funcionales de públicos, de evaluación y de acciones estratégicas para analizar los públicos objetivo, medir el desempeño y definir programas de trabajo. El objetivo final es diseñar los productos esperados, metas y estructura de gestión para implementar la propuesta.
Emotions are responsible for image of the territory where we live. Our past unfolds in the thoughts and emotions that establish emotional territories at present. How? All living beings need to frame its territory to make decisions about their movements. Our brain chemistry defines the limitations and potential of the landscape that we face daily. So, when we address everyday situations, our participation transforms the dynamics of "facts" in the "subjective territory" that we face daily.
Paisaje interior - Abordaje de emociones nocivasInner Landscape
El documento describe un ejercicio para recuperar las emociones y transformar las respuestas. Explica que las personas interpretan la realidad a través de un "paisaje interior" influenciado por emociones, que a su vez influyen en cómo ven las cosas (mirada), cómo las interpretan e incluso las decisiones que toman. El objetivo es identificar los patrones emocionales habituales y alternativos.
El documento discute cómo el futuro influye en el presente y pasado. Explica que nuestro futuro, definido por nuestras metas y búsquedas, establece los límites de nuestro desarrollo personal y condiciona nuestro presente. Aunque el pasado establece limitaciones físicas y psicológicas, somos nosotros quienes negociamos con el presente y trazamos los límites de nuestro futuro a través de nuestras decisiones. Para transformar el presente y avanzar, debemos aventurarn
Cinco fórmulas para enfrentar nuevos contextosInner Landscape
Las cinco fórmulas son una representación de cinco dimensiones de abordaje de un nuevo territorio de desarrollo. Tanto en lo individual como grupal o corporativo, enfrentamos nuevas condiciones de vida generadas por un contexto social y económico que se mueve con una velocidad inusitada, con factores profundos de interdependencia que redefinen permanentemente las “reglas de juego” de un sistema productivo.
Emotions are the "core" of responses in human systems. And to cope with a changing context, it needs to strengthen confidence, integration, decision under uncertainty, taking risks, visualize nonexistent spaces. So the challenge is to empower people and organizations to move into a new landscape, to conquer new spaces and develop new living conditions.
Theoretical Perspectives in Social PsychologyKates Grajales
The document discusses several theories of social psychology, including:
- Role Theory, which proposes that people conform to norms defined by the expectations of others in the roles they occupy.
- Reinforcement Theory, which asserts that social behavior is governed by external reinforcement and punishment of responses.
- Cognitive Theory, which emphasizes the role of cognition, perception, memory and beliefs in determining social behavior.
- Symbolic Interaction Theory, which views social behavior as emerging from communication and the negotiation of meanings between individuals.
- Evolutionary Theory, which proposes that social behaviors evolved to aid survival and reproduction of our ancestors.
The document provides overviews and key concepts of each theory, as well as some of their limitations.
System's theory/Diagram/Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theoryRohith148800
Systems theory in social work views clients within the context of their various social systems and environments. It recognizes that an individual is influenced by their family, friends, work, education, community, and other social systems. A social worker using systems theory will examine how interactions within and between these various systems impact a client's behavior and circumstances, in order to plan effective interventions. The theory aims to understand people as a product of their social environment rather than as isolated individuals.
How people perceive the situations they engage in are important because
(a) Persons and situations are interdependent
(b)All stimuli both external (e.g., people present) and internal ones (e.g., current mood) are processed within a personality system and
(c)Studies have shown that perceptions are not monolithic entities:
They vary according to the person who perceives a stimulus,
The properties of the stimulus itself, and
The interactions between person and stimulus.
Rothman has developed novel componential approach to situation perception to disentangle
Perceiver (a perceiver’s tendency of seeing situations),
Situation (a situation’s tendency of being seen), and
Perceiver Situation variance (a perceiver’s unique view of a specific situation).
Systems theory views individuals as influenced by their environment through complex interactions within and between systems. It provides a framework for social workers to understand how a client interacts with various systems, like their family, community, and society. Examining these systems helps explain a client's behavior and informs social workers on how to best support their client.
The document provides an overview of theories from different fields that can provide a refreshed view of the professional context, including:
- Polysystem Theory, which describes social systems as having interdependent subsystems rather than an independent deep structure
- Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus, which describes how individual behaviors emerge from social interactions
- Juri Lotman's concept of the semiosphere, which views communication as occurring within overlapping social niches
- Ilya Prigogine's work on dissipative structures and self-organizing systems, which sees entropy as enabling systems to evolve into higher complexity
- Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, with a focus on emotional intelligence and its importance for feedback loops
This book provides a summary of The Social Psychology of Organizations by Daniel Katz and Robert L. Kahn. It begins with an introduction discussing the origins and focus of the book. The book then aims to extend previous research by conceptualizing organizations using an open system point of view. It analyzes organizational structures and processes using concepts like roles, norms, values, and subsystems. Overall, the book seeks to link the individual and organizational levels of analysis using the concept of organizational roles.
Introduction to the Compassionate Systems Framework in SchoolsGlenn Klith Andersen
This document introduces a Compassionate Systems Framework being developed and tested in schools globally. It combines social-emotional learning, systems thinking, and mindfulness practices. The goal is to cultivate "compassionate integrity" in students and teachers by developing an awareness of interconnectedness. Initial prototypes involving over 10 countries have shown promising results. The framework focuses on developing systems thinking skills, cultivating empathy and compassion, and applying these to issues in and beyond the classroom.
Dorothy Johnson developed the Behavioral Systems Model in the 1940s. The model views the patient as a behavioral system composed of seven subsystems including attachment, dependency, ingestion, elimination, aggression, sexual, and achievement. The goal of nursing according to the BSM is to help patients maintain behaviors proportional to social demands and modify behaviors to support biological functions during illness. The nursing process in the BSM involves assessing patients' subsystem functions, diagnosing insufficiencies or discrepancies, planning interventions to restore balance, and evaluating subsystem balance.
Copyright Information (bibliographic) Document Type Book Ch.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Copyright Information (bibliographic)
Document Type: Book Chapter
Title of book: Family Therapy: An Overview (9th Edition)
Author of book: Irene Goldenberg, Mark Stanton, Herbert Goldenberg
Chapter Title: Chapter 4 Systems Theory and Systemic Thinking
Author of Chapter: Irene Goldenberg, Mark Stanton, Herbert Goldenberg
Year: 2017
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Place of Publishing: United States of America
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LO 1 Describe potential problems with
using only the scientific method to
explain family functioning
LO 2 Explain systemic functioning using
a paradigm or descriptive model
LO 3 Discuss some characteristics of a
family system
LO 4 Apply systemic thinking to family
therapy
84
Family therapy is informed by systems theory and systemic
thinking in order to fully understand and provide psycho
therapy to couples and families (Stanton & Welsh, 2012).
A systemic approach stands in contrast to the individualis
tic thinking typical of most people raised in Western society
who were educated in the context of the Cartesian scientific
method espoused by Rene Descartes in 1738 (Capra, 2002).
1 Extending Beyond the
Scientific Method
The scientific method begins with a questioning mind that
does not accept anything as true unless there is clear evidence
of its truth and proceeds to break any problem under inves
tigation into pieces in order to understand the components
of the problem and tries to solve it. The reconnection of the
pieces proceeds from those easiest to understand to those most
complex without considering any natural connection between
the parts and concludes when thorough questioning ensures
nothing was left out of the solution. This method led to ma
jor scientific discoveries and the solution of many problems in
medicine, food production, and industry. Most of us in the
western hemisphere were educated to think according to this
method, and we now do so without even realizing we are do
ing so. However, as this method became the standard way of
thinking in Western societies, it resulted in extreme individ
ualism (loss of the natural relationship between parts of the
whole), reductionism (trying to understand complex problems
by looking at parts of them apart from the context around
SYSTEMS THEORY AND SYSTEMIC THINKING
them,.
Copyright Information (bibliographic) Document Type Book Ch.docxdickonsondorris
Copyright Information (bibliographic)
Document Type: Book Chapter
Title of book: Family Therapy: An Overview (9th Edition)
Author of book: Irene Goldenberg, Mark Stanton, Herbert Goldenberg
Chapter Title: Chapter 4 Systems Theory and Systemic Thinking
Author of Chapter: Irene Goldenberg, Mark Stanton, Herbert Goldenberg
Year: 2017
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Place of Publishing: United States of America
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials. Under certain conditions
specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other
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that user may be liable for copyright infringement.
LO 1 Describe potential problems with
using only the scientific method to
explain family functioning
LO 2 Explain systemic functioning using
a paradigm or descriptive model
LO 3 Discuss some characteristics of a
family system
LO 4 Apply systemic thinking to family
therapy
84
Family therapy is informed by systems theory and systemic
thinking in order to fully understand and provide psycho
therapy to couples and families (Stanton & Welsh, 2012).
A systemic approach stands in contrast to the individualis
tic thinking typical of most people raised in Western society
who were educated in the context of the Cartesian scientific
method espoused by Rene Descartes in 1738 (Capra, 2002).
1 Extending Beyond the
Scientific Method
The scientific method begins with a questioning mind that
does not accept anything as true unless there is clear evidence
of its truth and proceeds to break any problem under inves
tigation into pieces in order to understand the components
of the problem and tries to solve it. The reconnection of the
pieces proceeds from those easiest to understand to those most
complex without considering any natural connection between
the parts and concludes when thorough questioning ensures
nothing was left out of the solution. This method led to ma
jor scientific discoveries and the solution of many problems in
medicine, food production, and industry. Most of us in the
western hemisphere were educated to think according to this
method, and we now do so without even realizing we are do
ing so. However, as this method became the standard way of
thinking in Western societies, it resulted in extreme individ
ualism (loss of the natural relationship between parts of the
whole), reductionism (trying to understand complex problems
by looking at parts of them apart from the context around
SYSTEMS THEORY AND SYSTEMIC THINKING
them,.
This book discusses organizational psychology from an open systems perspective. It examines how organizations function as social systems with complex interactions between individuals and subsystems. The book defines key concepts like organizational roles, effectiveness, and structures. It presents a framework for understanding how organizations develop over time and compares different models of organizational theory. The goal is to analyze organizations using an integrated social science approach that considers both micro and macro levels of analysis.
Sister Callista Roy developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing, which aims to explain how nurses can support patients' adaptation to environmental stimuli. The model views individuals as systems that maintain balance. It defines key concepts like person, environment, health, and nursing. Roy proposes that individuals adapt through four modes - physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. Nurses assess patients' adaptive behaviors and manipulate stimuli to promote adaptation, aiming to integrate processes, compensate, or prevent compromise. The model provides a framework but requires significant effort to apply. Its strengths include consideration of multiple influences and logical presentation, while weaknesses include complexity.
The document discusses different sociological theories related to social systems and social interactions. It covers consensus theory, conflict theory, functionalism, and symbolic interactionism. Consensus theory sees agreement as key to social order, while conflict theory emphasizes social groups competing for power and resources. Functionalism views social structures as meeting human needs and maintaining stability. Symbolic interactionism sees the self and meanings as socially constructed through ongoing social interactions.
This document summarizes several theories of human development:
- Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory describes influences on development at micro, meso, exo, and macrosystem levels. Rutter identified family risk factors like marital discord that predict child psychopathology.
- Piaget's stages of cognitive development include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational periods. His theory proposed that assimilation and accommodation drive development.
- Vygotsky emphasized social and cultural influences on learning and proposed the zone of proximal development.
- Freud, Erikson, and Levinson presented stage theories of psychosocial development across the lifespan. Bandura, Pavlov, and Skinner contributed
The document discusses six major theoretical perspectives in psychology: evolutionary, cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, sociocultural, and humanistic. It explains key aspects of each perspective, such as what they focus on and their views on topics like natural selection, how the mind processes information, the effects of unconscious desires on behavior, the impact of external factors like punishment and reward, social influences, and individual free will. The document also mentions that psychologists may use an eclectic approach combining multiple perspectives to study human behavior.
The document discusses how a person or group's level of consciousness (independent variable) can affect how they construct social reality (dependent variable) within an organization. It notes that when level of consciousness is low, due to insecurity or other factors, people become reactive, communication breaks down, and productivity suffers. However, when level of consciousness is high, people are better able to problem solve, cooperate and motivate one another to achieve goals. The level of consciousness of individuals and groups shapes how they interpret and respond to their organizational environment.
MAX WEBER Key Concepts I Sociology is a science which at.docxandreecapon
MAX WEBER: Key Concepts I
Sociology is a “science which attempts the interpretive understanding of social action to arrive
at a causal explanation of its course and effects.” While the subject matter of sociology
may overlap with history, it focuses on generalizable uniformities in social action
rather than the explanation of particular events, actions, and personalities.
Verstehen, meaning “understanding” in German, is the name Weber gives to the method of
interpretive sociology. He advocates studying social life by way of understanding the
subjective meanings that people give to their own social actions and those of others.
In fact, he considered this method of understanding the subjective states of mind of
individuals the basis for a scientific sociology. He identifies two kinds of understanding:
1) direct observational understanding of the subjective meaning of any given
individual act, its intention and 2) explanatory understanding, which looks at the
context of actions to discover the complex sets of meanings that comprise the
motivation behind individual actions in particular circumstances. He calls this complex
set of meanings a motive. Though this method of understanding is continuous with
the ways we constantly interpret other people’s behavior in our everyday lives,
sociology aims to do so in a more rigorous and systematic way—and often on a larger
scale. As it’s not feasible to interpret what’s in many heads all at once, to approximate
this method for understanding collective social life, Weber believes we need to employ
ideal types to classify different kinds of social action and their results according to the
similarities of individuals’ meanings and motivations.
Ideal Types are idealized concepts formulated by sociologists to capture a part of social reality,
which is much too complex to be understood in its entirety. Since actual situations
vary more or less in innumerable different ways from case to case, ideal types simplify
a messy reality by isolating certain aspects of institutions or social practices that are
relevant to a particular study and allow for analysis and comparison. Due to their
complexity, you should not expect to find ideal types in their pure form in real
situations. Rather, they act as simplifications that are useful for classifying and
comprehending significant parts of social reality. They can offer a window onto reality
that helps us understand the patterns within the messiness. For instance, Weber’s
notions of traditional, charismatic, and legal-rational forms of authority are ideal types:
SOC 260 Classical Social Theory Drexel University
Fall 2015 Professor Howard
authority figures will rarely fall neatly in any one of these categories but will probably
fall somewhere in between (in a grey area). Still, by constructing these ideal types,
Weber hopes to generalize about how authority ope ...
Jai Prathap Chenna provides an introduction to key concepts in systems thinking, including interconnectedness, synthesis, emergence, feedback loops, causality, and systems mapping. He explains that systems thinking requires shifting one's mindset from a linear to a circular perspective to understand that all elements in a system are interconnected. He outlines several examples and provides definitions for each of the six concepts to build a foundation for understanding complex systems through a holistic lens.
Similar to The emotional vulnerability of organizations (20)
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Esta guía es el resultado de más de 10 años diseñando proyectos pedagógicos para entidades educativas y organizaciones. En estos años, he investigado las conductas y emociones que se activan en una plataforma online de contenidos. En esta guía, aparecen los aspectos metodológicos, neurobiológicos, cognitivos y psicológicos sustentan nuevas formas de compartir espacios de aprendizaje y trabajo colaborativo.
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La incertidumbre te lleva a la necesidad biológica de acción. Puedes reenfocar esta necesidad en cinco momentos específicos para generar una dinámica cotidiana con otras posibilidades que te permita transitar la realidad con otras emociones, nutrir tu mundo interior y sostener tus vínculos cotidianos.
We do not suffer “for what happened to us,” we suffer because we cannot create something new that transforms our inner landscape. We cannot create
something new because we do not have a horizon to
frame the new in our life. Without a horizon, the past
becomes our future.
The symptom is not a consequence of the past, it represents the impossibility of dealing with the future in the present. The oppression of the present is because we live between an irremediable past and a frustrating future that leaves us locked in daily resignation or resentment. This disappointed generates the paradox of inertia. This paradox shows that the past became our future.
El documento analiza cómo los síntomas en el presente surgen de la imposibilidad de lidiar con el futuro en el pasado. Sostiene que el pasado no está realmente detrás nuestro, sino que nuestras decisiones repetitivas del pasado y dependencia de una única opción de respuesta nos atrapan en él y evitan que algo nuevo ingrese a nuestras vidas. Para recrear un futuro diferente, debemos transformar nuestras relaciones con el pasado, presente y futuro, dejando atrás las situaciones pasadas, aceptando el presente
What you see around you depends on your emotions. These emotions influence the design of your daily landscape. We address daily events from the perspective of a personal image that takes on a particular color according to the emotional connection one has to the situation. We lead our own personal landscape. We are the owners of our (wide or narrow) territory upon which we make decisions every day. These places have nothing to do with physical features. Our personal territory refers to the choices and possibilities you are open to and that you implement in your everyday movements, decisions, and relationships.
Mindfully holding space - Crear y sostener ámbitos de transformación personal...Inner Landscape
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Este documento discute las estrategias de transformación versus inercia que las organizaciones pueden adoptar en contextos de cambio. Señala que cuando las organizaciones se aferran a rutinas y síntomas en lugar de adaptarse, entran en un círculo de deterioro que lleva a ineficiencia e inercia. También explica que los sistemas a veces se vuelven inertes por temor al cambio, y que los síntomas pueden ser formas creativas de expresar las dificultades de transformación. Finalmente, argumenta que abordar las emoc
Este documento discute las vulnerabilidades de la gestión en el contexto actual de transformación. Avanzamos en un juego de supervivencia donde la vulnerabilidad de los sistemas crece con la dificultad para redefinir modelos desde nuevas perspectivas. Los modelos de gestión sufren por tres frentes vulnerables: rigidez, lentitud y paranoia, lo que lleva a un desempeño paradójico donde los esfuerzos generan resultados contrarios.
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We have been educated for stability – and we continue to train people to be effective in known territories – but the current competitive environment is unstable. How can we prepare to live in unstable contexts? How can we prepare to be effective if the conventional management models are collapsing?
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Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
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This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
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The emotional vulnerability of organizations
1. The emotional vulnerability of organizations
Marcelo Manucci
Organizations face a new space where the dynamics and speed of economic, social and
technological processes have increased the instability of context. This transformation of the context
is manifested in three aspects: greater heterogeneity of the actors involved in social situations,
faster interaction with deeper structural changes and the exponential multiplication of new
situations.
All living systems are very sensitive to environmental conditions, because this sensitivity defines
their permanence. Fundamentally, all living systems are able to recognize something that appears
as "new" in their environment. These disturbances activate warning signs that are necessary to
redefine the responses to these new living conditions. Human systems are sensitive to the context
conditions, like other living systems. But human systems have the singularity that our sensitivity
does not have mechanical or genetic neutrality. Our singularity is composed by interpretations,
ideas, emotions, perceptions and values. This means that the context for people is an incomplete
puzzle (which permanently changes), which defines an unfinished picture of reality (because we
always have to resolve empty spaces). The interesting thing is that only humans can understand
that they are taking everyday decisions based on a context that has the scope of an incomplete
jigsaw with unfinished images.
The responses of human systems to something "new" depend on how they describe their living
conditions. Therefore, depending on what we see, what we feel, what we think and what we project;
decisions will be more or less attuned to the facts. Each contingent on the context introduces a gap
in the subjective images that people have of the context. The essential factor for survival depends
on how those gaps are filled. This means which ideas, emotions, concepts, experiences, memories,
etc., complete the internal image to give meaning and significance to these external aspects.
2. In organizations, vulnerability begins with rigidity and an inability to generate new responses for
new situations in the environment. Organizations keep a state of vulnerability when they approach
the present based on the past. This situation is exacerbated in contexts of transformations.
Why do organizations fall into the paradox of failure? When decisions are based on outdated
paradigms that do not correspond to the dynamics of this interaction, their decisions not only
enlarge the problems, but also strengthen the structural vulnerability of the system (organization,
company or society). In this context, the everyday routine of organization is focused on managing
the constraints, rather than the generation of alternatives and possibilities for development.
The cycle of vulnerability in organizations is caused by three structural conditions: 1) when the
organization suffocates in its own routines and transforms everyday processes into a compulsive
stereotyped sequence of actions; 2) when its activity is based on structural symptoms which
transform the possibilities of development into a set of hypochondriac behaviors and 3) when
organization becomes emotionally fragile and reduces its movements to a territory of hostility and
threats. These conditions create the cycle of vulnerability, which could be expressed in a formula
that involves: INEFFICIENCY (the difficulty of responding to something new), INERTIA (the impossibility
of transformation) and RESISTANCE (the fear of disintegration):
inefficiency + inertia + resistance = vulnerability
AN ORGANIZATION BECOMES INEFFICIENT because of the weaknesses in its structure when responding
to the demands of its environment. The inefficiency is related to the collapse of the rigid design that
leaves the organization without a repertoire of responses against the characteristics of the current
context. Inefficiency is a survival response. Therefore, inefficient systems (those that turn away from
their designs or do not fulfill the established set of instructions) have more freedom to generate
adaptive structural alternatives that allow them to move and rehearse possible answers.
The paradox of the "effectiveness of inefficiency" consists that these inefficient behaviors, although
dysfunctional, are usually the best possible answers for a system that has not found another mode
3. of action. The problems are exacerbated when the ineffective responses are set as operational
standards. That is, when the adjective "inefficient" becomes a noun that defines the dynamics of a
system. The effectiveness of inefficient performance is an adaptive response of permanence. This
means that human systems become ineffective in order to maintain the efficiency of the interaction
with the context.
AN ORGANIZATION BECOMES INERT if it does not know how to address the new conditions of life.
Inertia is caused by fear caused by "the unknown". Thus, human systems become inert because
they do not know how take a next step in front of a context that defies their living conditions. Inertia
involves the internal contradiction of moving towards new conditions of life but making every effort
to go back to known structures.
AN ORGANIZATION RESISTS the new conditions of life because it cannot find meaning and perceives
these "unknown factors" as a threat to its existence. This situation impacts on the motivation of
people and their commitment to a process of transformation. Emotions depend on a chemical
equation that prepares the body for a definite answer. Emotions are activated upon recognition of a
certain situation. That chemical equation when mixed with thoughts generates personal
experiences that define the responses and daily behaviors.
The clarity and technical accuracy of the instructions do not guarantee the effectiveness of
implementation. Between design and implementation there is an emotional, cognitive and
subjective process that defines a performance gap. These models are manifested in production
processes, which are reduced to a set of instructions that collapse under the emotional availability
of people to implement or develop those instructions. In human systems, technical processes
collapse under the conditions of this chemical-symbolic structure. Therefore, forcing the
implementation of the instructions does not ensure there is an adequate chemical equation that
supports the interpretation, understanding and acceptance of certain tasks.
4. Emotional territories
The interpretations of our daily lives are supported by a subjective script that distributes characters,
organizes the sequence of events, and defines results over time. This personal script reshapes the
past, defines the experiences in the present and makes projections about future results. This
personal script is consequence of our history, our experiences and our habits. Our personal script is
a reconstruction process based on fragments of images, interpretations, explanations and
experiences. The past unfolds in thoughts and emotions and both generate a particular emotional
territory. Experiences delimit the context by emotions and thoughts. In the case of organizations,
the context of relationship has other conditions. The context is related to internal structure of the
organization and the rules that define roles and linkages in this space.
Changing the quality of relationships with the context involves changing subjective experiences with
the context. A larger ductility experiences generates a greater diversity of landscapes. The ductility
of experiences enables greater possibilities for adaptation to the changes in the context. We are
surrounded by situations that are not interest us, when we focus on a particular context, “we trim”
the territory from two processes:
PERCEPTIONS are associated with personal images about the context. From these images,
the context can be seen optimistically as a STIMULATING space for personal opportunities
and development options, or these images can also represent the context as a RESTRICTED
space with limitations and threats to personal growth.
RESPONSES are related to personal modes of decision. People may have a REFLECTIVE
responses focused on the impact of actions in the context with results the long term, or
people may have a REACTIVE responses focused on solving personal emotion turbulence in
short term.
The articulation of modalities of perceptions and responses generates four particular moods. These
emotional states are temporary positions that people assume when facing specific features of the
5. context. Each mood synthesizes the relationship between specific experiences in specific contexts
and is reflected in different behaviors as shown in the following matrix.
REACTIVERESPONSE
RESTRICTED CONTEXT
REFLECTIVERESPONSE
VULNERABLE MOOD
Distrust and weakness
“Refuge from hostility”
DEFENSIVE MOOD
Hostility and control
“Fight for it”
COMPLIANT MOOD
Acceptance and adaptation
“Get the best out”
PURPOSEFUL MOOD
Commitment and creation
“Reach an objective”
STIMULATING CONTEXT
These states are dynamic because they depend on changes in personal perceptions of the context
and modes of decisions. We can describe these moods in four combinations:
VULNERABLE MOOD = RESTRICTED CONTEXT WITH REACTIVE RESPONSE. From this position,
the context is experienced hostile and threatening. This perception creates a high level of
anxiety that produces reactive responses in people in order to resolve quickly their
emotional situation. This combination (RESTRICTED - REACTIVE) subtracts alternatives of
movements because people feel they have no chance of transformation on their reality.
Therefore, they have a sense of permanent failure and try to avoid or escape from anything
new. Their choices are focused on refuge from hostility to protect themselves and maintain
survival conditions.
DEFENSIVE MOOD = RESTRICTED CONTEXT WITH REFLECTIVE RESPONSE. In this position,
people have reflexive decisions, but this attitude is based on a perception of restricted
context. From this combination (RESTRICTED - REFLECTIVE) people are focused on the
6. limitations and they neglect their potential development. Therefore, their choices are
oriented to control of the context to fend off the obstacles hampering their permanence. Any
disturbance is perceived as a threat to be controlled to maintain the context within known
parameters.
COMPLIANT MOOD = STIMULATING CONTEXT WITH REACTIVE RESPONSE. From this position,
people have an open view about the possibilities of the context, but their decisions are
based on keep stability without major challenges. They understand the dynamics of events,
and accept "the rules" of context, but their choices are limited to trying to get the immediate
benefits. This combination (STIMULATING - REACTIVE) reduces their choices because they are
focused on the short term perspective and they mobilize when they feel their stability is
threatened.
PURPOSEFUL = STIMULATING CONTEXT WITH REFLECTIVE RESPONSE. In this position, people
have a positive outlook about their future possibilities and development alternatives.
Additionally, they have a reflective attitude that gives more choices to address the
possibilities of context. From this combination (STIMULATING – REFLECTIVE), they see the
future as an opportunity for transformation. This perspective leads them to create initiatives
and engage with new development alternatives, because they feel their movements and
decisions influence the course of events.
The heart of the model is focused on the relationship between personal experiences and
environment characteristics. Each of these moods is a "package" that synthesizes the relationship
between perceptions and responses at specific contexts. The purpose of this model is creating a
favorable environment for development of people at the organization.
How to transform the emotional territories to move people from unfavorable mood? For the design
of favorable development contexts and move people to a performance focused on the commitment
and creation, we focus on four points of intervention:
1. DEFINE A CLEAR PICTURE OF CORPORATE OBJECTIVES. This point is related to ORGANIZATIONAL
PURPOSE. Vulnerability appears with the sense of threat or danger. In order to transform
7. vulnerability to determination, it is necessary for people to be clear about the goals of the
organization and integration values in the system. In this regard, it is important to: share a
clear picture of the strategic direction, manage the integration of people in a shared project,
and design a framework to guide responses and adaptation movements the context.
2. HOLD SYMMETRICAL RELATIONSHIPS. This point is related to LINKAGES IN ORGANIZATIONS.
Emotional capital is critical for performance, to encourage participation and cooperation in
groups. The quality of relationships determines the level of trust, security, and cooperation
of the people. In this regard, it is important to: strengthen diversity and the integration of
heterogeneous points of view (professions, gender, age, philosophies, etc.), create an
environment of respect and shared learning to hold the symmetry of relations, and maintain
a solid emotional capital and a clean working atmosphere.
3. SHARE A TRANSCENDENT INSPIRATION. This point is related to the MEANING OF WORK that
people assume. The greater the significance of personal contribution, the greater the level
of commitment and creativity in the task. To develop this purpose, it is necessary to: set
meaningful goals to achieve new areas of development, generate innovative solutions to
address everyday challenges, and recognize the participation and contribution of people in
the development of corporate purpose.
4. ENCOURAGE A TRANSFORMATIONAL ROLE. This point refers to the INTERDEPENDENCE OF
PEOPLE and the impact of individual behaviors in others person’s life. Each person can
contribute significantly to the transformation of life of others. To maintain the importance of
people as agents of change it is necessary to: expand personal leadership and knowledge
sharing, broaden participation and commitment to different social groups, and define long-
term goals and objectives of social transcendence in everyday acts.
8. Reshape experiences
In times of change, new points appear outside the emotional territories. New life circumstances
pressure people to integrate a new point outside their map of experiences. Unpublished landscape
causes uncertainty and, in many cases, leads to stereotypical reactions to “fit” the new in past
experiences. Between the known world of our experiences and the new space of unknown places
there is a threshold that defines the movement of transformation. This threshold is critical because
is the transition point to new realities. The way that people face this threshold defines if people are
open to new experiences or closed in the past.
How do we transform perceptions of threats into alternatives of development? How do we transform
resignation into determination? How do we expand the limits of personal territory? How do we
generate alternatives movements? To transform these (and others) experiences, we must
restructure the emotional territories to expand opportunities in the present and extend more
alternatives in the future. People live in a virtual reality that defines everyday movements. The
transformation of daily life depends on an emotional connection with the events. To reshape reality
is necessary to transform the experiences that define the characteristics of the environment where
they live. The relationship with the everyday facts is a relationship with subjective interpretations
and explanations of everyday facts. The landscape we face daily is a virtual reality supported by a
neural network connected by chemical components that define the "color" of these images. In the
virtual reality, the subjective meaning of the world generates an emotional impact. And, at the same
time, the emotional impacts also affect the meanings.
Emotions regulate behaviors through chemical discharges that emerge as responses to contact
with certain facts. All living systems, from unicellular to social, respond to the dynamic of context.
But in a case of people, these responses are mediated by the personal experience of events. In
other words, the characteristics of the context are based on our personal interpretation, which more
or less is connected with reality and facts. Interpretations define the meaning of events which are
emotionally colored by certain molecules. This combination of chemistry and meaning sets the way
each person experiences everyday events.
9. Emotions are the chemical component of our behaviors. Emotions are complex programs of
actions, usually automatic, inherited by evolution.1
In fact, there are a set of universal emotions, not
learned, that can be recognized in all cultures. Our experiences are not neutral images.2
Experiences are “subjective packages” arising from the articulation of two processes: the content
related to certain situations and emotional position regarding this content. The frame of contents is
defined by cognitive interpretations of events (what). The other process responds to chemical
answers that define the emotions related interpretations (how). Both processes operate as a unit
approach to daily events. The relationship between these two processes is described by the
following formula:
content + emotions = experience
Cognitive interpretations Body responses Subjective representations
In personal experiences there is a direct relation between interpretations (meanings) and emotions
(chemistry). Subjective interpretations can change the chemical components of emotions. Similarly,
chemical reactions can change subjective interpretations. A thought can change brain chemistry, as
well as a physical event in the brain can change a thought. 3
Feelings are emotions associated with
certain thoughts. The sequence is as follows: an external or internal stimulus triggers a specific
chemical discharge, which generates a specific emotion (fear, joy, anger, sadness, etc), depending
on the type of molecule involved. This is a natural reaction of the body when facing certain
situations. But in the case of people, the emotions take a particular meaning from thoughts that
generate specific feelings. Feelings are a combination of chemical reactions and thoughts. The
experiences can be triggered both by an emotion or a thought. But at some point, both processes
begin to reinforce each other, generating global feelings. Feelings are made up of a set of
1
Damasio, Antonio. Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain. Vintage Books. New York, 2012
2
Davidson, Richard – Begley, Sharon. The Emotional Life of Your Brain: How Its Unique Patterns Affect the
Way You Think, Feel, and Live. Hudson Street Press. New York, 2012.
3
Gazzaniga, Michael. Mind Matters: How Mind and Brain Interact to Create Our Conscious Lives.
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH). Boston, 1989.
10. simultaneous processes: the stimulus that generates reactions in the brain, the response in the
body and ideas that accompany this reaction.4
To transform experiences is necessary to change the conditions that create those experiences. In
this context, the transformation of experiences in the organizational context has a dual approach:
MAINTAIN CLARITY OF CONTENT that defines the interpretations and MAINTAIN THE QUALITY OF
RELATIONSHIPS that define emotional responses. Let's see how to address each of these aspects to
develop a process of transformation.
CLEAR THE CONTENTS. This dimension refers to the management of content that influence personal
interpretations and collective explanations for certain situations that affect organizational life. This
area of intervention aims to generate a coherent framework of processes and shared situations.
These ideas should be clear and simple to constitute a reliable reference on living conditions in the
organization. To manage this framework of content, there are three important aspects:
SHARE KEY IDEAS. To maintain clarity of ideas is necessary to have consistent answers
about the reasons and justifications for the movements of the organization: external and
internal. It is important to define a few simple ideas to share. At the same time it is
necessary to clear rumors and reviews the content circulating in different media to keep the
relevant information at different levels of the organization.
MAINTAIN FEEDBACK. This point is related to the management of the explanations of the
events that affect the organization. This requires expanding the spaces for dialogue to
enable care for the quality of the contents, simplify information access points, and
generating processes for managing participation and opinions of people.
DEFINE A FRAMEWORK OF PERFORMANCE. This point aims to define the organizational
expectations on certain roles to guide the actions of people in their workplaces. Excessive
bureaucracy and indiscrimination role, cause responses that have no relation to the
demands and needs of the context. Organizations often transmitted isolated ideas,
generating confusion, poor performance, and weakening confidence in people. This
4
Damasio, A. Descartes' error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. Avon Books, New York, 1994.
11. fragmentation and incoherence decrease the responsiveness of organizations and teams. It
is necessary to provide details on the characteristics of the processes, the personal role in
every process and organizational goals with those roles defined.
KEEP THE QUALITY OF RELATIONSHIPS. This dimension refers to the management of relationships that
define the emotional positions of people in their workspace. The approach in the quality of
relationships aims to maintain an appropriate emotional environment for integration and motivation
of people. To address these emotional conditions are necessary three aspects:
REDUCE HOSTILITY AND THREAT. The threatening contexts activate the neurobiological circuits
of fight or flight. Consequently, the body prepares for attack and all biological processes are
oriented to survival. Cognitive activities weaken. Thoughts become automatic, negative and
compulsive. Anxiety affects decision processes. Reduce hostility creates a favorable
emotional context to think, create and decide. This requires maintaining the threat alarms at
manageable levels. Alarms are activated against an unknown context of unexpected
movements and uncertain consequences.
ENCOURAGE THE PARTICIPATION AND INTEGRATION. This process activates the neurobiological
circuits of empathy, cooperation and reward. This facilitates self-management performance
through neurobiological processes that enable autonomy, concentration and determination
on personal goals. This requires building learning environments that allows integration and
cooperation between people, reinforce positive experiences and enhance communication
and empathy attitudes.
INSPIRE CHALLENGES AND RECOGNIZE PEOPLE. This process activates the neurobiological
circuits that allow positive mood and personal enthusiasm. These neurobiological
conditions encourage creativity and the development of ideas, decreases anxiety levels and
strengthens resilience facing pressure situations. To activate this circuit is necessary to
maintain levels of long-term challenges in people and teams, encouraging diversity in the
working groups and generation of new experiences.
12. Emotional Gap
The concern to maintain economic performance and personal well-being is a topic of major interest
in most organizations. On the one hand, it is clear that there is a limit to growth rates in many
sectors in all regions of the world. On another hand, due to global interdependence, instability is
present in all decisions. In pursuit of an improved quality of life, organizations have generated a
variety of responses. The dynamics of the current context pushes human systems to innovate.
These decisions are related to restructuring the patterns of life in order to maintain the capacity for
response to new conditions of the context.
All decisions in human systems are based on a purpose. In the human system, this purpose is
symbolic and constitutes the framework for actions that make sense and give coherence to
decisions and choices. Without a purpose, decisions become random (compulsive) or stereotypical
(reactive). The consequences in both cases is that lost response capability. This gap between
environmental demand and the ability to the system to adapt and respond generates symptoms. In
a system that has lost its ability to make decisions, symptoms decide for the system.
When the machines overcome their structural capacity, they are broken. When organic systems
stray from their biological commands, they suffer transformations and mutations. Human systems
become ill when their lives become meaningless. What keeps the dynamic cycle in life is the
purpose of the system. When the human system loses its purpose, the growing cycle stops and
begins to spin in a vicious cycle that leads to collapse.
Therefore, dysfunction gives meaning to the system in the absence of meaning. In the case of a
lack of purpose, dysfunctions order and organize the daily life of the system. Symptoms visibly
emerge from a system that is stopped in its transformation to a new order of internal complexity.
Organizational design and management have had, from the beginning, a principle based on the
efficiency of the processes, but isolated from the dynamic context. This self-referential design that
generated the great development of industrialization, in this century, is collapsing due to three
factors: a) the conflicts in its functioning, b) the difficulties in responsiveness, and c) the impossibility
13. of sustainable management models. In the first case, the mechanical design is a rigid structure that
conflicts with the nature of human systems: open, dynamic, and paradoxical. The dynamics of
machines do not correspond to the dynamics of human processes and generate deep conflicts in a
team’s performance. Second, in the current context of increasing volatility, this rigid design has no
appropriate responses to changing environments. Inflexibility does not guarantee adequate
responses, which intensifies the difficulties in operation and performance. Finally, mechanistic
management models are designed to "win", they are not intended for system development in all its
dimensions. This principle defines the decisions and movements that focus on the exclusion of
actors (market or community) and resources exploitation.
Today, these factors create a wide gap between the volatility of the world, with its unprecedented
and unforeseen changes, and the structural capacity of organizations to respond and act in this
context of transformation. When it is difficult to respond to the dynamics of the context,
organizations force their structure to sustain results, pressing on the human system. The cost of this
pressure is the collapse of the emotional quality of its people, which also involves low performance
and productivity. The result is a vicious cycle of despair, pressure, and deterioration in working
conditions that enlarges the emotional gap.
Human systems do not get sick from external attacks, but rather become sick because of the
difficulty or impossibility of processing external shocks. In this context, what we commonly call
"symptoms" are often responses to "patterns of life" that have a function in the system. When
symptomatic conditions persist, these become an alternative that prevents the collapse of the
system (disintegration). This means that the symptom is necessary to maintain the structure of the
system. In social systems, the role of dysfunction is to maintain system integrity. Symptomatic
manifestations are manifestations that express the difficulties of transforming the system. Social
symptoms are a response when there are no other answers. Faced with the impossibility of
generating other living conditions, symptomatic structures are a factor of an internal organization.
Symptoms "entertain" the system into the dysfunction by not addressing the impossibility of its
transformation.