The document discusses South Africa's transition to democracy in the 1990s and how they dealt with the country's apartheid past. It introduces the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) which allowed victims of human rights abuses during apartheid to share their stories publicly. The TRC received over 22,000 statements and held hearings where victims testified about torture, killings, disappearances and severe ill treatment by the apartheid government. It also provided amnesty to perpetrators who fully disclosed their crimes, in order to acknowledge the truth and promote reconciliation.