The autonomy of thinking throwing a pebble in the lake
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1. The presentation discusses ways to get students interested in thinking through asking thought-provoking questions. 2. Examples of questions provided include "What color is Tuesday?", "Is there more happiness or more sadness in the world?", and "If boars ruled the world, what changes would you see?". 3. The presentation recommends using stories and questions to stimulate students' thinking and concludes with contact information for the presenter.
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The autonomy of thinking throwing a pebble in the lake
- 1. NEVTON DE LIZ 2013 BRAZ TESOL
- 2. AGENDA 1. THE ENLIGHTENMENT 2. THROWING A PEBBLE IN THE LAKE 3. HOW TO GET THEM INTERESTED IN “THINKING”
- 8. How to get them interested in “thinking”?
- 14. How to make them think?
- 16. What color is Tuesday?
- 17. Is there more happiness or more sadness in the world?
- 18. If boars ruled the world, what changes would you see?
- 20. Is it ever right to bully a bully?
- 22. If I borrow a million pounds, am I a millionaire?
- 24. If you could take a pill that meant you would never fail, would you?
- 26. Is black a colour?
- 29. Why don’t dogs laugh? Is it because they don’t have a sense of humour?
- 30. In a dark room, what does a mirror reflect? If nothing, does that mean it is not working?
- 31. “Grown-ups never understand anything by themselves, and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them” ― Antoine de Saint-Exupéry STORIES TELLING ….
- 33. RECOMMENDATIONS
Editor's Notes
- Hello EverybodyThank you all for coming to my presentation today. The objective of my talk is presenting what I have been doing in philosophy and sociology at a bilingual School in LondrinaI intend to talk about the importance of taking our kids to “THE AUTONOMY OF THINKING” as a way of making them interested in learning.
- I have divided my presentation into 3 parts:First I am going to talk about “the enlightenment” and its importanceSecond I will present what I have attempted to promote the “THE AUTONOMY OF THINKING”Third and finally I will talk about the bearing of “Thinking critically”If you have any question I will be glad to answer them at the end of my presentation
- To startit is necessary to understand what the enlightenment is: According to the Wikipedia - en·light·en·ment is a.the act or a means of enlightening.b. The state of being enlightened.2. Enlightenment A philosophical movement of the 18th century that emphasized the use of reason to scrutinize previously accepted doctrines and traditions and that brought about many humanitarian reforms. Used with the.3. Buddhism & Hinduism A blessed state in which the individual transcends desire and suffering and attains Nirvana.
- Observe the world around us is a must to find truth.We can’t trust onlyin our senses on the quest for the truth. We must constantly watch the world around to said truth.Knowledge of truth comes from observation, studying, and experimentation ofthe world we are in. Through theobservation of the world the truth is revealed.
- To be or no to be! That is not the whole question.The real question is on ……
- The questions is asking who we are? and where we come from…..
- We must understand and let our children learn that the truereality lies above the world we observe around us. True reality is spiritual, abstract, and distant. Plato believed the truth is absolute and immaterial and exists in its own immaterial world beyond this material world.
- It is necessary to throw a pebble in the lake of our kids, hoping the waves reach the edge of their lives. However, there comes the question how to get them interested in “thinking”?
- Think is a must for the learning process. Thus, they must get used to this verb….
- …“to form or conceive a belief or idea.” This definition of “think” was passed down to us by men such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and so…
- When we make them use their brains they scream, claim and say it is confusing…. But it is important to keep up providing them input…for thinking
- … “The Socratic Method.” Socrates asked his students questions to get them to discover truth. This method dramatically impacted the world, and Socrates is considered to be the first to employ it. He asked questions about people’s ideas to see if any belief they had was irrational or illogical. He even refused to answer questions with direct replies, but rather replied to questions with even deeper questions that addressed the issue at hand. He did this because of a fundamental belief he had:
- Therefore, I ask you all: How can we make them think?Tell me how would you do that….We canmake them thinkTake them to thinkForce them to thinkAnd they can dread to thinkHate to thinkshudder totremble toBut they will have fun thinking at the end…..
- Thus, in order to cause people to good, you have only to teach them what good is. They have the rationale and desire to good, but they just don’t know what it is. Teach them knowledge of the truth, and they will be virtuous and do what is good.
- Teacher notes:As stated on the previous slide, there are no right or wrong answers, simply well-thought out answers. Give the class plenty of thinking time, and try to step back from being a teacher – listen to, and accept what you hear, but by all means challenge it with an opposing view – a “but what if…..” type of question to encourage further discussion. That obviously means a bit of prior thought is required by you to anticipate possible answers!As most of these questions are available at www.thunks.co.uk you may even lodge any ‘interesting’ answers that you receive there for others to enjoy, or even lodge some questions that your class may create themselves
- Could follow up with space or air, grass or pebbles…………
- Could follow up with fish, pigs, mice ……………………….
- …People just don’t know what good is. They do what they think is best, but what they think is best is not really the actual best. What they think is good is not actually the highest good. What people lack is not will power but knowledge of the truth that leads to virtue.
- Thus, wrongdoing is the result of ignorance. He did not mean that people were stupid and made stupid decisions. Rather, they had a rational ignorance, in that they made decisions they thought were good and rational, however, they had an ignorance of truth. Improper conduct is a product of our ignorance of the truth rather than a weakness of the will. As you can, Bush here wants to do what is good, he desires to make a phone call, but he just lacks the knowledge of how to make a phone call. Therefore his ignorance leads to wrongdoing.
- Aristotle believed knowledge is empirical. Reality is what experience, the world around us, the physical world, the world we can sense, observe, measure, and describe. Knowledge is found in the world around us. Aristotle disagreed with Socrates that all knowledge lies within us and needs only to be drawn out by questions, for he believed that the world must be studied to learn truth. And he disagreed with Plato that the world to be studied is distant and abstract.
- Aristotle believed that everything we observe has essence and form. This sounds similar to Plato’s forms and shadows, but it is fundamentally different. Aristotle believed that the essence and form of everything were interconnected and could not be separated from each other. The essence of everything is tied to a material form, yet the form of everything has essence.
- The essence of a thing is its ultimate purpose. Aristotle believed that everything has a purpose and final state it strives to reach. That final state was its essence. The essence of a thing gives meaning to its existence and directs its life. For instance, in simple terms, the essence of a plant is to grow, to sprout, to bloom, to give life, and finally to produce more plants.
- The form of a thing is its actual material existence. Aristotle believed that there was no world beyond this material world we sense and observe, therefore all things have material form. Every form has an essence, and a thing’s form is how it fulfills its essence. For instance, the form of a plant goes down to the cellular level, and the form of a plant allows it to grow, spread life, and reach its essence.
- Because the body is unreliable and inferior, Plato believed knowledge is found not through experience but through deductive reasoning. He believed in an a priori approach. One begins by looking to the general forms that are overarching and independent of our sense experience. After finding the perfect eternal truth, he will be better to understand the shadows that are meager imitations of truth. Knowledge is proportionate to the realm from which it is gained, and general knowledge gained from the perfect forms is itself perfect.
- I highly recommend to each of you…. Show your kids that this world is but a shadow. The world we observe around us is but a shadow of the true forms that lie above in the eternal, perfect platonic world. Plato denied the reality of the material world. Everything we observe is always changing, inconsistent, and untrue. Thus, it is but a shadow of perfect, unchanging truth.