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You Can't Learn Much from Books
         You Can't Read
• 1. List three of the problems with textbooks that Allington
  identifies. Do these problems ring true to you? Describe how
  you have seen this issue play out in a classroom.
                               mismatch between the textbook and
                               students reading capacity
• 2. What solutions does Allington offer to these
  problems? What do you think of his solutions?
  Are they realistic and practical? Have you seen
  any classrooms that use these solutions?
The English Settle at Jamestown
• In April of 1607, the
  Virginia Company’s
  three ships reached
  the North American
  shore.
• The ships settled near
  Chesapeake Bay and
  built a Fort James to
  protect the settlement
  of Jamestown, named
  for their king.
A Disastrous Start
• Unlike Spanish Colonies, which were funded
  by Spanish rulers, the English colonies were
  originally funded by Joint-Stock Companies.
• Stock companies allowed investors to pool
  their wealth in support of a colony that would
  yield a profit.
• Investors in the Jamestown colony demanded
  a quick return on their investment, and the
  colonists hoped to find gold to satisfy them
A Disastrous Start

         • The colonist
           neglected farming,
           and soon
           contaminated river
           water struck them;
           followed by hunger.
A Disastrous Start

• John Smith who craved
  adventure; offered his
  services as a colonist to
  the Virginia Company (a
  group of merchants).
• Smith held the colony
  together by forcing the
  colonist to farm and
  securing food and
  support from the native
  Powhatan peoples.
• Smith was
  injured and
  returned to
  England.
• Without Smiths
  leadership the
  colony
  deteriorated to
  the point of
  famine.
• The settlement
  was saved, by the
  arrival of new
  colonist and by
  the development
  of a highly
  profitable crop,
  tobacco.
Tobacco Requires a Supply of Labor
• In order to grow tobacco, the Virginia
  Company needed field laborers.
• Immigration jumped in 1618, when the
  company introduced the “headright system”,
  offering 50 acres of land to “adventurers” who
  would transport people from England.
• Many of those who arrived
  in Virginia, came as
  indentured servants.
• In exchange for passage to
  North America and food
  and shelter; an indentured
  servant agreed to a limited
  term of servitude (usually
  4 to 7 years)
• Indentured servants were
  mainly from lower classes
  of English societies.
• America The Story of Us- Life in Jamestown
Ch. 8 Business Organization
• A sole proprietorship is a business
  owned and run by one person
• About 75% of all businesses in the
  U.S. are sole proprietorships,
  however, since most sole
  proprietorships are small they
  account for only 6% of all U.S. sales
• The biggest advantage of sole
  proprietorship is that the owner
  gets to keep all profits after paying
  income taxes (are also easy to start)
Partnerships • A partnership is a business
               organization owned by 2 or more
               persons
             • Partners must agree on how
               profits and responsibilities are
               divided
             • General Partnership: is when
               partners share equally in both
               responsibility and liability
               (doctors, lawyers and
               accountants)
             • Limited Partnership: Only one
               partner is required to be a
               general partner. That partner has
               control over the business but
               unlimited personal liability for
               the firm’s actions. Other
               partners contribute only money
• A newer type of partnership is the
  limited liability partnership in this
  type of partnership all partners
  are limited partners and are
  shielded from personal liability in
  certain situations
• Advantages: responsibility may be
  shared: each partner brings,
  different strengths and skills to
  the business
• Each partners assets, or money
  and other values, improve the
  firm’s ability to borrow funds for
  operations or expansion
Holt
5-3: “Understanding Slope”
What distinguishes the graphs of different lines?
                 y
                                The Steepness!

                                 This is also
                           x
                                 called the
                                 SLOPE!
How do we actually measure the slope of a line?

    Slope is a fraction comparing the RISE
                      y
                                           RUN
                                 RUN




                          RISE
                                       x
There are 4 cases of SLOPE to consider:
       y                 y
            Positive          Negative
            Slope             Slope
                x                x




       y   Zero           y   No
           Slope              Slope

               x                 x
Example: What is the slope of the line passing
through (-2, 3) and (2, 6)?
                y
                            Step 1: Is the slope positive
                            positive or negative?
            6
                            Step 2: How far apart are the
            3
                            y-coordinates? 3 steps
       -2           2   x
                            Step 3: How far apart are the
                            x-coordinates? 4 steps

                            RISE      3
                            RUN       4
You Try: What is the slope between (-5, 7) and (1, 2)?
5-2: “Graphing Using Intercepts”
            y
                 y-intercept

                     x-intercept

                     x



x-intercept: (x, 0) where the line intersects the x-axis.

y-intercept: (0, y) where the line intersects the y-axis.
Examples: Find the x- and y-intercepts for each graph
         y                    y                   y

                                              4
     3                    2

                  x                    x                   x
             5        4




  x-int: (5, 0)       x-int: (-4, 0)       x-int: None

  y-int: (0, 3)       y-int: (0, 2)        y-int: (0, 4)
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Text Sets

  • 1. You Can't Learn Much from Books You Can't Read • 1. List three of the problems with textbooks that Allington identifies. Do these problems ring true to you? Describe how you have seen this issue play out in a classroom. mismatch between the textbook and students reading capacity
  • 2. • 2. What solutions does Allington offer to these problems? What do you think of his solutions? Are they realistic and practical? Have you seen any classrooms that use these solutions?
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. The English Settle at Jamestown • In April of 1607, the Virginia Company’s three ships reached the North American shore. • The ships settled near Chesapeake Bay and built a Fort James to protect the settlement of Jamestown, named for their king.
  • 6. A Disastrous Start • Unlike Spanish Colonies, which were funded by Spanish rulers, the English colonies were originally funded by Joint-Stock Companies. • Stock companies allowed investors to pool their wealth in support of a colony that would yield a profit. • Investors in the Jamestown colony demanded a quick return on their investment, and the colonists hoped to find gold to satisfy them
  • 7. A Disastrous Start • The colonist neglected farming, and soon contaminated river water struck them; followed by hunger.
  • 8.
  • 9. A Disastrous Start • John Smith who craved adventure; offered his services as a colonist to the Virginia Company (a group of merchants). • Smith held the colony together by forcing the colonist to farm and securing food and support from the native Powhatan peoples.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. • Smith was injured and returned to England. • Without Smiths leadership the colony deteriorated to the point of famine. • The settlement was saved, by the arrival of new colonist and by the development of a highly profitable crop, tobacco.
  • 14. Tobacco Requires a Supply of Labor • In order to grow tobacco, the Virginia Company needed field laborers. • Immigration jumped in 1618, when the company introduced the “headright system”, offering 50 acres of land to “adventurers” who would transport people from England.
  • 15. • Many of those who arrived in Virginia, came as indentured servants. • In exchange for passage to North America and food and shelter; an indentured servant agreed to a limited term of servitude (usually 4 to 7 years) • Indentured servants were mainly from lower classes of English societies.
  • 16. • America The Story of Us- Life in Jamestown
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Ch. 8 Business Organization • A sole proprietorship is a business owned and run by one person • About 75% of all businesses in the U.S. are sole proprietorships, however, since most sole proprietorships are small they account for only 6% of all U.S. sales • The biggest advantage of sole proprietorship is that the owner gets to keep all profits after paying income taxes (are also easy to start)
  • 20.
  • 21. Partnerships • A partnership is a business organization owned by 2 or more persons • Partners must agree on how profits and responsibilities are divided • General Partnership: is when partners share equally in both responsibility and liability (doctors, lawyers and accountants) • Limited Partnership: Only one partner is required to be a general partner. That partner has control over the business but unlimited personal liability for the firm’s actions. Other partners contribute only money
  • 22. • A newer type of partnership is the limited liability partnership in this type of partnership all partners are limited partners and are shielded from personal liability in certain situations • Advantages: responsibility may be shared: each partner brings, different strengths and skills to the business • Each partners assets, or money and other values, improve the firm’s ability to borrow funds for operations or expansion
  • 23.
  • 24. Holt
  • 25.
  • 26. 5-3: “Understanding Slope” What distinguishes the graphs of different lines? y The Steepness! This is also x called the SLOPE!
  • 27. How do we actually measure the slope of a line? Slope is a fraction comparing the RISE y RUN RUN RISE x
  • 28. There are 4 cases of SLOPE to consider: y y Positive Negative Slope Slope x x y Zero y No Slope Slope x x
  • 29. Example: What is the slope of the line passing through (-2, 3) and (2, 6)? y Step 1: Is the slope positive positive or negative? 6 Step 2: How far apart are the 3 y-coordinates? 3 steps -2 2 x Step 3: How far apart are the x-coordinates? 4 steps RISE 3 RUN 4 You Try: What is the slope between (-5, 7) and (1, 2)?
  • 30.
  • 31. 5-2: “Graphing Using Intercepts” y y-intercept x-intercept x x-intercept: (x, 0) where the line intersects the x-axis. y-intercept: (0, y) where the line intersects the y-axis.
  • 32. Examples: Find the x- and y-intercepts for each graph y y y 4 3 2 x x x 5 4 x-int: (5, 0) x-int: (-4, 0) x-int: None y-int: (0, 3) y-int: (0, 2) y-int: (0, 4)