Teraherzt communication

1. Terahertz Communication:
Fundamentals and Applications
• Author: Akshatha
• Date: [Insert Date]

2. Introduction
• - Growing demand for higher data rates and
bandwidth
• - THz band (0.1 THz to 10 THz) bridges
microwave and infrared
• - Promising for 6G, security imaging,
biomedical applications

3. Characteristics of Terahertz Waves
• - High frequency: Short wavelength
• - Broad bandwidth: Multi-Gbps to Tbps
• - High atmospheric absorption: Limited range
• - Line-of-sight required
• - Penetrates some materials (e.g., clothes,
plastics)

4. Advantages of THz Communication
• - Ultra-high-speed wireless communication
• - Security screening and non-invasive imaging
• - High spatial resolution for imaging
• - Spectrum availability due to underutilization

5. Applications of THz Technology
• - Wireless Communications: Beyond 5G/6G
• - Security: Imaging weapons, explosives
• - Medical: Cancer detection, dental imaging
• - Spectroscopy: Gas sensing, chemical ID

6. Challenges in THz Communications
• - Propagation losses due to absorption
• - Device limitations: Transmitter/receiver tech
• - Antenna miniaturization
• - Material compatibility with high-frequency
operation

7. THz Device Technologies
• - Transceivers: CMOS, SiGe, InP, GaN-based
• - Antennas: On-chip, array, photonic
• - Materials: Graphene, metamaterials for
tuning and reconfigurability

8. Research Trends and
Developments
• - Graphene-based tunable devices
• - Plasmonic antennas
• - THz photonics integration
• - Compact and low-cost THz components

9. Future Outlook
• - Role in 6G and IoT expansion
• - Enhanced security and biomedical
applications
• - Continued focus on miniaturization and
efficiency
• - Need for standardization and spectrum
regulation

10. Conclusion
• - THz communication holds transformative
potential
• - Requires overcoming technological
challenges
• - Interdisciplinary research is key to realization

11. References
• - Refer to report for complete bibliography