This document provides an overview of systemic and visual tools for problem solving called PSVtools. It discusses using models and algorithms to facilitate information, practice, and application. The tools can help analyze and visualize problem situations from different angles to expand understanding of the problem's nature, structure, and dynamics. Visual thinking can also improve the quality of problem definition analysis. The document outlines 10 systemic principles of problem solving with PSVtools and provides examples of applying tools like mapping and metaphors to define and explore problem situations.
A PM and a developer walk into a bar... That's a joke all on it's own! Creating a team dynamic where engineering and product management compliment each other can feel like a pipe dream. Confluence's Sherif Mansour (Principal Product Manager) will share and explore the familiar anti-patterns faced when product and engineering collaborate. Come for the practical tips about how to improve your team's most important relationship.
Case Study: A Real-World Implementation Of Linked DataProgrammableWeb
Dimitri van Hees, Technical Architect/Data Specialist, Freshheads BV
Learn how one organization put Linked Data to work for it by adding a sixth star --- using APIs --- to Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s 5-Star Scale for implementing Linked Open Data. This session includes an introduction to Linked Open Data, Linked Closed Data, and Berners-Lee's 5 star scale and do a step-by-step walk-through of a successful implementation. It will include a frank discussion regarding the technical and organizational challenges encountered with a real-world Linked Data project and how those challenges were overcome. In this session, you will not only learn how to think about Linked Data APIs in real world terms, but also how to "sell" it to the organization." If you are attending this presentation, you may also want to attend Markus Lanthaler's presentation on Why and How to Optimize Your Data Architecture for an Integrated Future.
A PM and a developer walk into a bar... That's a joke all on it's own! Creating a team dynamic where engineering and product management compliment each other can feel like a pipe dream. Confluence's Sherif Mansour (Principal Product Manager) will share and explore the familiar anti-patterns faced when product and engineering collaborate. Come for the practical tips about how to improve your team's most important relationship.
Case Study: A Real-World Implementation Of Linked DataProgrammableWeb
Dimitri van Hees, Technical Architect/Data Specialist, Freshheads BV
Learn how one organization put Linked Data to work for it by adding a sixth star --- using APIs --- to Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s 5-Star Scale for implementing Linked Open Data. This session includes an introduction to Linked Open Data, Linked Closed Data, and Berners-Lee's 5 star scale and do a step-by-step walk-through of a successful implementation. It will include a frank discussion regarding the technical and organizational challenges encountered with a real-world Linked Data project and how those challenges were overcome. In this session, you will not only learn how to think about Linked Data APIs in real world terms, but also how to "sell" it to the organization." If you are attending this presentation, you may also want to attend Markus Lanthaler's presentation on Why and How to Optimize Your Data Architecture for an Integrated Future.
Hello Sir
We are a premier academic writing agency with industry partners in UK, Australia and Middle East and over 15 years of experience. We are looking to establish long-term relationships with industry partners and would love to discuss this opportunity further with you.
Thanks & Regards
visit our website.
www.onlineassignmenthelp.com.au
www.freeassignmenthelp.com
www.btechndassignment.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk
www.cheapassignmenthelp.com
www.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk/
Innovation as Problem Solving: Managing Problem SpacesStephen Lahanas
This presentation provides an overview of how Problem Solving and Innovation can be enhanced through the exploitation of Problem Space Management. This presentation is one of a series of briefs highlighting aspects of our InnovationWorx practice.
Want to take your problem-solving skills to a new level? email me:
alanbarker830@btinternet.com
These slides summarise a training session that I often run alone or as part of a larger event. The training is always highly interactive; we apply all the tools and techniques in this presentation to real problems offered by participants, in the hope of finding real solutions. We usually find some!
Check out my book: How to Solve Almost Any Problem, published by Pearson.
Applying Systems Thinking to Solve Wicked Problems in Software EngineeringMajed Ayyad
Software systems are essentially socio-technical systems
and they are not isolated from other systems engineering processes. Unconsciously or by intention, we implement systems thinking in multi-agent systems, microservices, DevOps, distributed systems, API-led integrations and lean based software development life cycles. However, the concrete relationship between systems thinking and software engineering is still a green area and barely highlighted as a common practice among software engineers. In this presentation, we will
elaborate how systems thinking helps us to understand the socio-technical aspects of software engineering. We will discuss why systems thinking is important in the field of software engineering, provide examples where it is currently used and show the general areas where systems thinking applies to tackle complex software problems
Gigamap example by Manuela Aguirre: https://www.slideshare.net/ManuelaAguirre/policy-support-full-presentation
In this presentation you will learn about design tools and techniques to solve wicked problems, using Systems Thinking.
Systems Thinking looks at the whole of a system rather than focusing on its individual parts, to better understand complex phenomena. Systems Thinking contrasts with analytic thinking: you solve problems by going deeper, by looking at the greater whole of a system and the relations between its elements, rather than solving individual problems in a linear way via simple cause and effect explanations.
You can apply Systems Thinking principles in different situations: to understand how large organisations function and design for the enterprise (e.g. when you are trying to revamp a large intranet), but also to solve social problems and issues (e.g. unemployment with disadvantaged youth or mobility in larger cities). So basically whenever there is complexity and conflict (of interest) in your project, Systems Thinking will be helpful.
After an introduction to Systems Thinking and its core concepts, we will first explain and practice a few techniques that you as a designer can apply to better understand complex systems, for example creating a System Map and drawing Connection Circles. In the second part of the workshop, we will introduce techniques that help you shape solutions, for example using Paradoxical Thinking for ideation and writing ‘What-if’ Scenarios.
Presented at EuroIA 2015 with Koen Peters.
Hello Sir
We are a premier academic writing agency with industry partners in UK, Australia and Middle East and over 15 years of experience. We are looking to establish long-term relationships with industry partners and would love to discuss this opportunity further with you.
Thanks & Regards
visit our website.
www.onlineassignmenthelp.com.au
www.freeassignmenthelp.com
www.btechndassignment.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk
www.cheapassignmenthelp.com
www.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk/
Innovation as Problem Solving: Managing Problem SpacesStephen Lahanas
This presentation provides an overview of how Problem Solving and Innovation can be enhanced through the exploitation of Problem Space Management. This presentation is one of a series of briefs highlighting aspects of our InnovationWorx practice.
Want to take your problem-solving skills to a new level? email me:
alanbarker830@btinternet.com
These slides summarise a training session that I often run alone or as part of a larger event. The training is always highly interactive; we apply all the tools and techniques in this presentation to real problems offered by participants, in the hope of finding real solutions. We usually find some!
Check out my book: How to Solve Almost Any Problem, published by Pearson.
Applying Systems Thinking to Solve Wicked Problems in Software EngineeringMajed Ayyad
Software systems are essentially socio-technical systems
and they are not isolated from other systems engineering processes. Unconsciously or by intention, we implement systems thinking in multi-agent systems, microservices, DevOps, distributed systems, API-led integrations and lean based software development life cycles. However, the concrete relationship between systems thinking and software engineering is still a green area and barely highlighted as a common practice among software engineers. In this presentation, we will
elaborate how systems thinking helps us to understand the socio-technical aspects of software engineering. We will discuss why systems thinking is important in the field of software engineering, provide examples where it is currently used and show the general areas where systems thinking applies to tackle complex software problems
Gigamap example by Manuela Aguirre: https://www.slideshare.net/ManuelaAguirre/policy-support-full-presentation
In this presentation you will learn about design tools and techniques to solve wicked problems, using Systems Thinking.
Systems Thinking looks at the whole of a system rather than focusing on its individual parts, to better understand complex phenomena. Systems Thinking contrasts with analytic thinking: you solve problems by going deeper, by looking at the greater whole of a system and the relations between its elements, rather than solving individual problems in a linear way via simple cause and effect explanations.
You can apply Systems Thinking principles in different situations: to understand how large organisations function and design for the enterprise (e.g. when you are trying to revamp a large intranet), but also to solve social problems and issues (e.g. unemployment with disadvantaged youth or mobility in larger cities). So basically whenever there is complexity and conflict (of interest) in your project, Systems Thinking will be helpful.
After an introduction to Systems Thinking and its core concepts, we will first explain and practice a few techniques that you as a designer can apply to better understand complex systems, for example creating a System Map and drawing Connection Circles. In the second part of the workshop, we will introduce techniques that help you shape solutions, for example using Paradoxical Thinking for ideation and writing ‘What-if’ Scenarios.
Presented at EuroIA 2015 with Koen Peters.
1. Workbook of practice # 3
Theorem demonstration &
application
SYSTEMIC AND VISUAL TOOLS FOR
PROBLEM SOLVING
PSVTOOLS
THEOREM DEMONSTRATION & APPLICATION
SYSTEMIC ALGORITHMS
ECOSYSTEMS MODELS AND ALGORITHMS
2. 2
Problem
solving PSVtools
Problem solving Systemic Visual tools
Systemic
visual tools Is a set of tool which helps to analize and visualize
the problem situation from a variety of angles and
perspectives which can expand , enlarge our vision
and understanding of the nature , the structure
and the system dynamics of the problem.
Visual and
Heuristic tools Visual thinking can facilitate and improve the
quality of analysis of the Problem Definition stage
for Problem in the Problem Solving Process
solving Skills
development
SVtools
3. 3
Models FOR INFORMATION AND
UNDERSTANDING / to facilitate
PSVtools information and understanding
Visual and
Models FOR PRACTICE / to facilitate
Heuristic tools practice and exercises
for Problem
solving Skills Models FOR APPLICATION/ to
development facilitate application of tools and
systems to customized study case
SVtools
4. 4
PSVtools
Visual and
Heuristic tools
for Problem
solving Skills
development
SVtools
7. 7
The 10 systemic principles of PSV problem
Every problem interacts solving
with other problems
and is therefore part of 1. Every problem situation has a structure- pattern
of its elements : how they interact, influence
a set of interrelated each other.
problems, a system of
problems." 2. When the structure- pattern is clear ,
understandable we are facing a Tame problem.
When we are facing a problem situation with a
Complexity—systems of complex structure- pattern we are facing a
systems—is among the Wicked problem or ill structured problem.
factors that makes some
problem situations so 3. Each elements has a power and energy to
influence and condition the other elements.
resistant to analysis There are stronger elements and weaker
and, more importantly, elements.
to resolution."
4. Each problem situation has its dynamics.
5. Each problem situation is a system or a mess
which has its physics and chemistry.
6. We need to map the structure, its chemistry and
its dynamics , its physics in order to first
simplify the wicked problem and to identify its
pattern then to solve it.
SVtools
8. 8
7.Mapping is important for understanding
and simplification.
10 systemic
principles 8. Often the solution is in the Structure,
Pattern or dynamics of the problem
of PSVtools situation.
9. We need to identify the conflicting
From atoms elements and contradictions to solve
to the the problem.
systems 10.Solutions are at the level of elements or
group of elements : how they interact
From messes with each other. Elements, groups,
subgroups.
to solutions
SVtools
9. 9
Write a description of the problem in your
Problem
own words ?
Solving
SVtools
The concept of messes :
Every problem situation
could be considered a
Mess , that is a situation
with high complexity
and
Where is the mess ?
What is the mess ?
SVtools
10. 10
P roblems are to reality what atoms are to
Map the tables. We experience tables, not atoms.
problem Problems are abstracted from experience by
situation mess analysis. We do not experience individual
problems but complex systems of those that
What is a mess ? are strongly interacting. I call them messes.
Because messes are systems of problems,
they lose their essential properties when
they are taken apart. Therefore, if a mess is
disassembled, it loses its essential
properties.
Furthermore, as in any system, if each part
taken separately is treated as well as
possible, the whole is not treated as well as
possible. A system is more than the sum of
its parts; it is the product of their
interactions. If taken apart, it simply
disappears. Then how can we formulate a
mess without taking it apart?
SVtools
11. 11
Problem
situations
Tame problems with
structure easy to
understand
Ill – structured or
Wicked problems with
no definite formulation
or structure
SVtools
12. 12
Is this problem a Tame problem ?
Problem Easy to describe and analize ?
situations -------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
Tame problems with
-------------------------------------------------------------
structure easy to
understand Is this problem a Wicked problem ? With Complex
messes and difficult to describe and analize ?
Ill – structured or -------------------------------------------------------------
Wicked problems with -------------------------------------------------------------
no definite formulation -------------------------------------------------------------
or structure
-------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
SVtools
13. 13
Structures of
problems
Levels of Structuredness
Problems could be well structured or
ill structured.
Tame problems are the most common
problems that students solve in
school,universities and training are
well structured problems. They have a
well defined initial state , a known goal
state or solution.
Ill structured problems , at the other
end of the continuum , are the kinds of
problems that are more often
encountered in everyday and
professional practice. They are also
known as Wicked problems. They do
not conform to the content domain
being studied , so their solutions is
neither predictable nor convergent. Ill
structured problems are also
interdisciplinary , that is , they cannot
be solved by applying concepts and
principles from a single discipline or
domain. Often possess aspects that are
unknown at all.
SVtools
14. 14
Problem First Statement
messes • The problem is...
Write your first
statement of the
problem
The problem does
• effects
• effects
The problem's roots are......
• Roots
• Causes
SVtools
15. 15
Mess
exploration
and analysis
What are the questions
that arise ?
What are your
questions ?
SVtools
16. 16
Mess
exploration
and analysis
What are the questions
that arise ?
What are your • who originated What • When first was
questions ? • who is responsible noted
• What is the cause • When did it
of the problem develop : places
• What are the roots and events
of it
Who When
SVtools
17. 17
Mess
exploration
and analysis
What are the questions
that arise ?
What are your • Where did it how • Why is
questions ? happen • How was important
• Places and originated • Why do you
events • How did it want to solve it
develop
Where Why
SVtools
18. 18
There are four ways of treating problems: absolution,
How to treat resolution, solution, and dissolution.
problem
1. To absolve a problem is to ignore it and hope it will
situations go away or solve itself.
2. To resolve a problem is to do something that yields
Absolution an outcome that is good enough, that satisfies.
Problem resolvers take a clinical approach to
Resolution problems; they rely heavily on experience, trial and
error, qualitative judgments, and common sense.
Solution They try to identify the cause of a problem, remove or
suppress it, and thereby return to a previous state.
Dissolution 3. To solve a problem is to do something that yields
the best possible outcome, that optimizes. Problem
solvers take a research approach to problems. They
rely heavily on experimentation and quantitative
analysis.
4. To dissolve a problem is to eliminate it by
redesigning the system that has it. Problem dissolvers
try to idealize, to approximate an ideal system and
thereby do better in the future than the best that can
be done now.
SVtools
19. 19
How to define
the structure
of a problem
The Waterfall Diagram
SVtools
20. 20
Four types of
problems
Wicked
Tame
Wicked Mess
Mess
SVtools
22. 22
The Boston
Matrix
Problem definition
Problem structure
Solutions
SVtools
23. 23
Where is your
problem
situation ?
Where
When
SVtools
24. 24
Wicked
problems
They look difficult ,
but…….with the
proper tools we
can tame them.
SVtools
25. 25
Tame or
Wicked
TAMES : Mistakes and
errors easily defined
WICKED :There is no
single criteria to
determine correctness
SVtools
26. 26
Describe your problem : easy or
Tame or difficult to identify errors and
Wicked mistakes ?
Identify errors and
-------------------------------------------
mistakes -------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
-------------------------
SVtools
27. 27
Problems and
solutions
Defining is half
solutions
SVtools
28. 28
Can you see the solution ?
Problems and ----------------------------------------------------------
solutions ----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
Defining is half ---------------------------------------------------------
solutions One or many solutions ?
One solutions or many ----------------------------------------------------------
solutions ? ----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
SVtools
29. 29
Solutions
One solution
Many sequential
solutions
Can you see a clear ending point of the solution ?--
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
The first solution
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
SVtools -
32. 32
Levels of
Analysis
Easy to analize
Difficult to analize
SVtools
33. 33
Sequential
activity
process
Which activities
When
Where
• activity activity implement • activity
definition planning
• activity activity ation
• activity
SVtools
34. 34
Problem start ? ?
solving Path
Where is your problem
solving Path ?
The starting point ?
The ending point ?
? ? ?
Serching your Roadmap
to solutions
? ? solutions?
SVtools
35. 35
Write a second Write a second statement of the
problem problem situation according to
statement the Tame/Wicked paradigm.
Considering the This problem is a
new information
acquired and Tame problem :
Tame/Wicked
paradigm , write a Wicked problem :
second statement
of the problem
definition. Wicked mess :
Mess :
SVtools
36. 36
Write a second Write a second statement of the
problem problem situation according to
statement the Tame/Wicked paradigm.
Considering the Is a Tame problem because :
new information
acquired and
Tame/Wicked Is a Wicked problem because :
paradigm , write a
second statement Is aWicked mess because :
of the problem
definition.
Is a Mess because :
SVtools
37. 37
Write a second Write a second statement of the
problem problem situation according to
statement the Tame/Wicked paradigm.
Considering the Is a Tame problem because :
new information
-------------------------------------------------
acquired and
----------------------------------------------
Tame/Wicked
paradigm , write a ----------------------------------------------
second statement ----------------------------------------------
of the problem ----------------------------------------------
definition. ----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
SVtools
38. 38
Write a second Write a second statement of the
problem problem situation according to
statement the Tame/Wicked paradigm.
Considering the Is a Wicked problem because :
new information
-------------------------------------------------
acquired and
----------------------------------------------
Tame/Wicked
paradigm , write a ----------------------------------------------
second statement ----------------------------------------------
of the problem ----------------------------------------------
definition. ----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
SVtools
39. 39
Draw a second
problem
statement
Wicked problem
Draw a map of your
problem ,
considering the
model on your right.
SVtools
40. 40
Draw a second
How many Are there More than
problem correct any one
statement views of the ideological Interventio
problem are constrains ? n point
Draw a map of
possible ? possible ?
your problem ,
considering the Political Logical or Resistance to
model on your Constrains ? illogical multi Change ?
right. valued
Economic Morer than Difficulty to
Constrains ? one solution ? indentify the
Roadmap to
solution ?
SVtools
41. 41
Draw a second
problem
statement
Draw a map of
your problem ,
considering the
model on your
right.
Wicked problem
and social messes
SVtools
Wicked problem and social messes
42. 42
Draw a second
problem Draw the problem
situation using a
statement metaphor
Utilize the model gaps metaphors
Metaphors on your
right
lacks metaphors
One or more than one
block metaphor
wall metaphor
loss metaphor
box metaphor
SVtools
44. 44
Gaps metaphor
Gaps
Problem situations are
often caused by
interactions of diffrent
kinds of Gaps.
Per formance Gaps
Identity Gaps
Resources Gaps
It is very important to
identify the Gaps and
build bridges in order
to overcome the specific
Gaps.
SVtools
45. 45
Gaps and Lacks metaphors
Gaps or lacks
What kinds of Gaps or Lacks in
Problem situations are
often caused by your problem situation ?
interactions of diffrent
kinds of Gaps. Structure gaps or lacks ?
Per formance Gaps Elements gaps or lacks ?
Identity Gaps
Interaction gaps or lacks ?
Resources Gaps
Field gaps or lacks ?
It is very important to
identify the Gaps or
lacks and build bridges
in order to overcome
specific Gaps.
SVtools
46. 46
Lacks metaphor
Lacks
We often lack System
Integrator whose key
function is to connect
the individual or group
of individuals, clients,
partners, to the
Community of
reference.
We need System
Integrators.
SVtools
47. 47
System Integrators
System
Integrator
Problems may be
originated by lacking of
System Integrators.
A systems integrator is a
person or company that
specializes in bringing
together component
subsystems into a whole
and ensuring that those
subsystems function
together, a practice known
as System Integration.
Systems integrators may
work in many fields but the
term is generally used in
the information technology
(IT) field, the defense
industry, or in media.
SVtools
48. 48
Sustainable
scales
Scale metaphor
metaphors
Sustainable Scale is about
how the physical size of the
global economy creates an
unprecedented and
potentially disastrous impact
on the life support services of
global ecosystems and human
civilization. What is the "Scale
Problem"?
Scale problems refer to the
threats posed by economic
activities to global life support
systems such as the
atmospheric ozone layer’s
protection against ultraviolet
radiation, and the carbon
cycle’s provision of climate
stability. Human economic
activities are now threatening
these natural systems at both
the local and global levels, for
the first time in the history of
the planet. (See
Understanding Scale for an
introduction to scale concepts
and the dynamics of relevant
ecosystems).
SVtools
49. 49
Sustainable
scales
Scale metaphor
metaphors
What Lacks or
Gaps in your
sustainable
scale situation ?
Is there a
balance ?
Is the ecosystem
empty ?
Is it full ?
SVtools
50. 50
Sustainable Is your problem situation in a
Scales Sustainable Scale unbalance ?
problem
The limits and
the dangers of
wild growth
SVtools
51. 51
Sustainable Is your problem situation in a
Scales Sustainable Scale unbalance ?
problem
What is the "Scale
Problem"?
Scale problems refer to the
threats posed by economic
activities to global life
support systems such as
the atmospheric ozone
layer’s protection against
ultraviolet radiation, and
the carbon cycle’s provision
of climate stability. Human
economic activities are now
threatening these natural
systems at both the local
and global levels, for the
first time in the history of
the planet. (See
Understanding Scale for an
introduction to scale
concepts and the dynamics
of relevant ecosystems).
SVtools
52. 52
Psycological blocks
Psycological
blocks
Is the perception of the
problem situation
filtered by a
Psycological Block ?
Psycological block or
Emotional block alter
our perception of the
true nature of the
problem situation .
SVtools
53. 53
Psycological Blocks
Psycological
blocks
Balance between
Instinct and Analysis
Overuse of Instinct or
Analysis generate
Mental Blocks
SVtools
54. 54
Tunnel metaphor
Tunnel
metaphor
Is your problem
swituation in a Tunnel ?
Can you get through the
tunnel ?
How ?
SVtools
55. 55
Tunneling
Consider a particle with energy E in the inner region of a one-
dimensional potential well V(x). (A potential well is a
Tunneling potential that has a lower value in a certain region of space
than in the neighbouring regions.) In classical mechanics, if E
< V (the maximum height of the potential barrier), the
Quantum Tunneling : particle remains in the well forever; if E > V , the particle
escapes. In quantum mechanics, the situation is not so
The phenomenon of simple. The particle can escape even if its energy E is below
tunneling, which has no the height of the barrier V , although the probability of escape
is small unless E is close to V . In that case, the particle may
counterpart in classical tunnel through the potential barrier and emerge with the
physics, is an important same energy E.
consequence of The phenomenon of tunneling has many important
quantum mechanics applications. For example, it describes a type of radioactive
decay in which a nucleus emits an alpha particle (a helium
nucleus). According to the quantum explanation given
independently by George Gamow and by Ronald W. Gurney
and Edward Condon in 1928, the alpha particle is confined
before the decay by a potential. For a given nuclear species, it
is possible to measure the energy E of the emitted alpha
particle and the average lifetime of the nucleus before decay.
The lifetime of the nucleus is a measure of the probability of
tunneling through the barrier--the shorter the lifetime, the
higher the probability.
SVtools
56. 56
Tunneling
Quantum Tunneling :
The phenomenon of
tunneling, which has no
counterpart in classical
physics, is an important
consequence of
quantum mechanics
SVtools
57. 57
Box metaphor
Are you in the
Box ?
What kind of Box ?
Emotional Box ?
Organizational Box ?
Cognitive Box ?
Leadership Box ?
Management Box ?
SVtools
58. 58
The Box
Thinking inside
the Box
Thinking
outside the Box
Thinking the
Box
SVtools
59. 59
Contraddictions metaphor
Contraddictions
Are there
contraddictions in your
problem situation ?
SVtools
60. 60
The The Contraddiction Matrix
Contraddiction algoritms
Matrix
Apply the TRIZ matrix
Contraddiction to your
problem situation .
What gets better ?
What gets worse ?
SVtools
61. 61
Additional Problem solving
Additional
useful
analysis models
metaphors for
problem solving
Loss Metaphor
The loss
Conflict Metaphor
metaphor
Tree Metaphor
The Conflict
Field Metaphor
metaphor
The Tree
metaphor
The Field
metaphor
SVtools
62. 62
Was it useful ?
Final
Why ?
assessment
What did you learn ?
How are you going to apply to
Usefulness your work ?
When ?
Innovation
Enroll in our Coaching services.
Interest It will increase the value of your
learning.
SVtools