Diagram black box input output sistem perencanaan gedung apartemen dengan ene...Debby Rahmawati
Dokumen ini membahas perencanaan sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga angin pada gedung apartemen. Ada beberapa input yang mempengaruhi sistem, seperti kecepatan angin, perubahan cuaca, dan biaya konstruksi. Sistem dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik gedung serta mencapai energi yang ramah lingkungan dan ekonomis. Output yang diharapkan antara lain memenuhi kebutuhan listrik, mengurangi emisi karbon, dan meningkatkan kualitas
Masalah merupakan situasi yang tidak diinginkan yang dapat disebabkan oleh perbedaan antara harapan dengan kenyataan. Untuk mengatasi masalah diperlukan analisis sebab akibat dan pendekatan sistemik untuk mengidentifikasi akar permasalahan. Model pemecahan masalah secara sistematis meliputi definisi masalah, analisis sebab, identifikasi solusi, pemilihan solusi terbaik, perencanaan tindakan, dan evaluasi.
This case study analyzes Mizuho Bank's green project financing of a natural gas development project in Indonesia. Mizuho adopted the Equator Principles to fully assess the social and environmental risks. It required the borrower to mitigate risks and committed to environmental protection in the financing contract. More broadly, Mizuho promotes green credit, innovates green financing products, and supports carbon trading to improve the environment. It provides lower interest financing to green projects and assesses customer environmental performance to encourage sustainability.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Buku ini membahas pengantar pemodelan sistem dinamik menggunakan perangkat lunak Vensim PLE, mulai dari pengenalan Vensim, cara menginstalasi dan menggunakan Vensim PLE, membuat diagram simpal kausal dan diagram stock dan flow, menganalisis model, dan contoh-contoh penerapan Vensim untuk memodelkan berbagai sistem dinamik sederhana."
Mata kuliah ini membahas latar belakang dan manfaat teknik-teknik manajemen. Teknik-teknik manajemen berkembang seiring sejarah ilmu manajemen sejak abad ke-18 hingga saat ini. Pionir ilmu manajemen modern adalah Robert Owen dan Charles Babbage yang meletakkan dasar pentingnya sumber daya manusia dan efisiensi dalam organisasi. Mata kuliah ini akan memperkenalkan berbagai teknik analisis manajemen untuk memecah
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health, reduce stress and anxiety, boost mood, and reduce the risk of diseases. It recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week to gain these benefits.
Diagram black box input output sistem perencanaan gedung apartemen dengan ene...Debby Rahmawati
Dokumen ini membahas perencanaan sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga angin pada gedung apartemen. Ada beberapa input yang mempengaruhi sistem, seperti kecepatan angin, perubahan cuaca, dan biaya konstruksi. Sistem dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik gedung serta mencapai energi yang ramah lingkungan dan ekonomis. Output yang diharapkan antara lain memenuhi kebutuhan listrik, mengurangi emisi karbon, dan meningkatkan kualitas
Masalah merupakan situasi yang tidak diinginkan yang dapat disebabkan oleh perbedaan antara harapan dengan kenyataan. Untuk mengatasi masalah diperlukan analisis sebab akibat dan pendekatan sistemik untuk mengidentifikasi akar permasalahan. Model pemecahan masalah secara sistematis meliputi definisi masalah, analisis sebab, identifikasi solusi, pemilihan solusi terbaik, perencanaan tindakan, dan evaluasi.
This case study analyzes Mizuho Bank's green project financing of a natural gas development project in Indonesia. Mizuho adopted the Equator Principles to fully assess the social and environmental risks. It required the borrower to mitigate risks and committed to environmental protection in the financing contract. More broadly, Mizuho promotes green credit, innovates green financing products, and supports carbon trading to improve the environment. It provides lower interest financing to green projects and assesses customer environmental performance to encourage sustainability.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Buku ini membahas pengantar pemodelan sistem dinamik menggunakan perangkat lunak Vensim PLE, mulai dari pengenalan Vensim, cara menginstalasi dan menggunakan Vensim PLE, membuat diagram simpal kausal dan diagram stock dan flow, menganalisis model, dan contoh-contoh penerapan Vensim untuk memodelkan berbagai sistem dinamik sederhana."
Mata kuliah ini membahas latar belakang dan manfaat teknik-teknik manajemen. Teknik-teknik manajemen berkembang seiring sejarah ilmu manajemen sejak abad ke-18 hingga saat ini. Pionir ilmu manajemen modern adalah Robert Owen dan Charles Babbage yang meletakkan dasar pentingnya sumber daya manusia dan efisiensi dalam organisasi. Mata kuliah ini akan memperkenalkan berbagai teknik analisis manajemen untuk memecah
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health, reduce stress and anxiety, boost mood, and reduce the risk of diseases. It recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week to gain these benefits.
Modul ini membahas tentang pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk memperbaiki power supply. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, pengakuan kompetensi terkini, dan pengertian istilah terkait. Modul ini juga menjelaskan standar kompetensi untuk memperbaiki power supply dan sumber-sumber yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kompetensi tersebut.
Dokumen tersebut merupakan modul pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk memperbaiki CD-RW yang mencakup pengertian pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, standar kompetensi yang dibutuhkan, dan langkah-langkah memperbaiki CD-RW.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang materi pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk melakukan backup data dan sistem. Materi pelatihan ini mencakup pengertian konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul pelatihan, standar kompetensi yang dipelajari, dan prosedur backup data dan sistem.
Modul ini membahas tentang melakukan restore operating system. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, standar kompetensi yang mencakup peta paket pelatihan dan pengertian unit standar kompetensi, serta materi pelatihan untuk melakukan restore operating system.
Dokumen ini berisi modul pelatihan tentang memperbaiki printer. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, pengakuan kompetensi terkini, pengertian istilah yang digunakan, standar kompetensi yang mencakup peta paket pelatihan dan unit standar kompetensi, serta materi pelatihan untuk unit kompetensi memperbaiki printer.
The document discusses management ethics and social responsibility. It covers two broad categories of ethical theories - consequential and non-consequential principles. It also addresses factors like time pressure and individual/organizational factors that influence ethical behavior. The document provides checklists and steps for encouraging ethical conduct and discouraging unethical behavior in organizations.
This document discusses strategies for career success. It emphasizes adopting a broad view of one's career that includes self-assessment, exploring opportunities, establishing objectives and timelines, and regularly evaluating progress. It also discusses important elements like developing skills and networks, understanding organizational politics and power structures, and managing stress. The key to career success involves proactive planning and ongoing adaptation to changes in the workplace.
International management involves managing resources across national boundaries and adapting management principles to foreign competition and environments. Companies go international for proactive reasons like accessing new markets and customers or for reactive reasons like avoiding trade barriers. There are two types of multinational companies - those that standardize products for many countries and those that customize products for specific local markets. Managing internationally requires considering various external environments including economic, political, sociocultural, legal, and technological factors.
The document discusses information management systems and their importance in organizations. It covers topics such as the definition of information technology, characteristics of useful information, the role of management information systems in planning, organizing, controlling operations and using resources effectively. It also summarizes the basic functions of computer information systems, including computer operations, system programming, data management, and end-user computing. Lastly, it outlines some of the challenges in managing information systems, such as overcoming resistance to change and enabling employees to use new systems.
Operations management involves planning and controlling the processes that transform inputs into outputs. Key aspects of operations management include operations strategy, facilities layout and location, capacity planning, production planning and control, and quality management. The overall goal is to efficiently manage resources, processes, and outputs.
The document discusses various control techniques used in marketing and finance. It describes marketing research, test marketing, marketing ratios, and stockage used to control marketing activities. It also explains key components of a balance sheet and income statement, types of budgets and audits used for financial control, and budgeting approaches like top-down, bottom-up, and zero-based budgeting.
The document discusses various control techniques used in business, including:
1. Marketing control techniques like market research, test marketing, marketing ratios, sales quotas, and stockage.
2. Financial control techniques like budgets, audits, balance sheets, income statements, and financial ratios.
3. Techniques for controlling operations, human resources, information systems, and overall management.
The document discusses controlling as the management function that establishes performance standards and monitors actual performance to ensure goals are met. It describes controlling as setting guidelines for measuring capacity, quality, costs and other metrics for people, processes and devices. Effective control systems integrate feedforward, concurrent and feedback controls to enforce standards at critical points while balancing costs and benefits.
This document discusses teams and conflict management. It defines teams as groups of two or more people who interact regularly and coordinate their work to accomplish a common objective. Effective teams are characterized by commitment from members, open communication and participation, trust, consensus-based decision making, and a focus on problem causes rather than symptoms. The document also describes different types of teams, roles within teams, stages of team development, determinants of cohesiveness, and approaches to managing conflict.
This document discusses several aspects of leadership, including:
1. It outlines key responsibilities of leaders such as establishing values, defining a mission, and unleashing potential in others.
2. Leadership is defined as the process of influencing others to achieve goals, while influence is the power to sway others' views.
3. There are three variables that impact leadership: the leader, those being led, and external circumstances.
4. Several leadership theories are presented, including situational leadership theories that evaluate what style is most effective based on the situation.
The document discusses several theories of motivation including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which arranges human needs in a hierarchy from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates job factors into hygiene factors and motivation factors.
- McClelland's need for achievement theory which proposes that the need for achievement is learned.
- Expectancy theory which holds that motivation depends on expectations of effort leading to performance and performance leading to rewards.
- Reinforcement theory which states that behavior is influenced by past rewards and penalties.
The document also discusses concepts like job enrichment, developing expectations in subordinates, providing an effective reward system, and guidelines for intrapreneurship
Modul ini membahas tentang pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk memperbaiki power supply. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, pengakuan kompetensi terkini, dan pengertian istilah terkait. Modul ini juga menjelaskan standar kompetensi untuk memperbaiki power supply dan sumber-sumber yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kompetensi tersebut.
Dokumen tersebut merupakan modul pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk memperbaiki CD-RW yang mencakup pengertian pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, standar kompetensi yang dibutuhkan, dan langkah-langkah memperbaiki CD-RW.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang materi pelatihan berbasis kompetensi untuk melakukan backup data dan sistem. Materi pelatihan ini mencakup pengertian konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul pelatihan, standar kompetensi yang dipelajari, dan prosedur backup data dan sistem.
Modul ini membahas tentang melakukan restore operating system. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, standar kompetensi yang mencakup peta paket pelatihan dan pengertian unit standar kompetensi, serta materi pelatihan untuk melakukan restore operating system.
Dokumen ini berisi modul pelatihan tentang memperbaiki printer. Modul ini menjelaskan konsep dasar pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, penjelasan modul, pengakuan kompetensi terkini, pengertian istilah yang digunakan, standar kompetensi yang mencakup peta paket pelatihan dan unit standar kompetensi, serta materi pelatihan untuk unit kompetensi memperbaiki printer.
The document discusses management ethics and social responsibility. It covers two broad categories of ethical theories - consequential and non-consequential principles. It also addresses factors like time pressure and individual/organizational factors that influence ethical behavior. The document provides checklists and steps for encouraging ethical conduct and discouraging unethical behavior in organizations.
This document discusses strategies for career success. It emphasizes adopting a broad view of one's career that includes self-assessment, exploring opportunities, establishing objectives and timelines, and regularly evaluating progress. It also discusses important elements like developing skills and networks, understanding organizational politics and power structures, and managing stress. The key to career success involves proactive planning and ongoing adaptation to changes in the workplace.
International management involves managing resources across national boundaries and adapting management principles to foreign competition and environments. Companies go international for proactive reasons like accessing new markets and customers or for reactive reasons like avoiding trade barriers. There are two types of multinational companies - those that standardize products for many countries and those that customize products for specific local markets. Managing internationally requires considering various external environments including economic, political, sociocultural, legal, and technological factors.
The document discusses information management systems and their importance in organizations. It covers topics such as the definition of information technology, characteristics of useful information, the role of management information systems in planning, organizing, controlling operations and using resources effectively. It also summarizes the basic functions of computer information systems, including computer operations, system programming, data management, and end-user computing. Lastly, it outlines some of the challenges in managing information systems, such as overcoming resistance to change and enabling employees to use new systems.
Operations management involves planning and controlling the processes that transform inputs into outputs. Key aspects of operations management include operations strategy, facilities layout and location, capacity planning, production planning and control, and quality management. The overall goal is to efficiently manage resources, processes, and outputs.
The document discusses various control techniques used in marketing and finance. It describes marketing research, test marketing, marketing ratios, and stockage used to control marketing activities. It also explains key components of a balance sheet and income statement, types of budgets and audits used for financial control, and budgeting approaches like top-down, bottom-up, and zero-based budgeting.
The document discusses various control techniques used in business, including:
1. Marketing control techniques like market research, test marketing, marketing ratios, sales quotas, and stockage.
2. Financial control techniques like budgets, audits, balance sheets, income statements, and financial ratios.
3. Techniques for controlling operations, human resources, information systems, and overall management.
The document discusses controlling as the management function that establishes performance standards and monitors actual performance to ensure goals are met. It describes controlling as setting guidelines for measuring capacity, quality, costs and other metrics for people, processes and devices. Effective control systems integrate feedforward, concurrent and feedback controls to enforce standards at critical points while balancing costs and benefits.
This document discusses teams and conflict management. It defines teams as groups of two or more people who interact regularly and coordinate their work to accomplish a common objective. Effective teams are characterized by commitment from members, open communication and participation, trust, consensus-based decision making, and a focus on problem causes rather than symptoms. The document also describes different types of teams, roles within teams, stages of team development, determinants of cohesiveness, and approaches to managing conflict.
This document discusses several aspects of leadership, including:
1. It outlines key responsibilities of leaders such as establishing values, defining a mission, and unleashing potential in others.
2. Leadership is defined as the process of influencing others to achieve goals, while influence is the power to sway others' views.
3. There are three variables that impact leadership: the leader, those being led, and external circumstances.
4. Several leadership theories are presented, including situational leadership theories that evaluate what style is most effective based on the situation.
The document discusses several theories of motivation including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which arranges human needs in a hierarchy from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates job factors into hygiene factors and motivation factors.
- McClelland's need for achievement theory which proposes that the need for achievement is learned.
- Expectancy theory which holds that motivation depends on expectations of effort leading to performance and performance leading to rewards.
- Reinforcement theory which states that behavior is influenced by past rewards and penalties.
The document also discusses concepts like job enrichment, developing expectations in subordinates, providing an effective reward system, and guidelines for intrapreneurship
2. Pendahuluan
• Sebuah Unit Bisnis dari sebuah Perusahaan
Telekomunikasi beroperasi di sebuah kota kecil.
• Operasi unit bisnis perusahaan ini meliputi
penggantian, pemeliharaan, dan pemasangan
sambungan dan koneksivitas telekomunikasi di kota
tersebut.
• Proses ini juga melibatkan perancangan dan
perencanaan sambungan telekomunikasi sama
halnya dengan pekerjaan jasa perbaikan dan
pemeliharaan. Semua kegiatan dalam industri ini
dikenal sebagai ‘job’.
3. Permasalahan
• Meskipun Unit Bisnis Perusahaan Telekomunikasi ini
telah berpengalaman dalam pekerjaan, sementara
itu dalam pasar telekomunikasi ini untuk semua jasa
layanan yang ditawarkan Unit Bisnis ini secara
keseluruhan mengalami pertumbuhan, akan tetapi
pangsa pasar (market share) Unit Bisnis ini ternyata
mengalami penurunan dalam beberapa tahun
terakhir.
• Disamping itu, harga aktual dari Unit Bisnis ini
mengalami penurunan, bahkan harga yang
ditawarkan lebih rendah dari harga rata-rata industri
ini.
4. Behaviour Over Time (BOT) for the TBU strategy case
Total Market
Average job
completion time
Average price per job
Market Share
tahun
5. System Overview
• Pengembangan suatu systems map dan causal
loop diagram untuk menjelaskan perilaku
variabel-variabel kunci yang ditampilkan
dalam grafik Perilaku Terhadap Waktu (BOT).
6. Systems (high level) map main sectors
Market Sector
Human Resources
Operation Sector
Sector
Finance Sector
7. Causal Loop Diagram Model
O
Market
Share
Market Growth
Rate
Price
Total
B1
Market Ave time in job R1
backlog
Revenue
O
Potential Job in
Market Job in process
O
backlog
O Job
Starts Perceive
Jobs quality Operating net O Cost
Job Arrivals cash flow
completion O
O O
R2 Staff
Capacity Ave processing N PV
time Other
Desired ops O O
staff B2 delays
O Productivity per Discount
person Rate
O Operations Relative job
Staff Ave time to time ratio
Gap in staff
O complete jobs O
numbers
B4
B2
Industry job
completion time
R3 Staff
Staff leaving
hiring
8. Main Feedback Loop
Loop B1 Market Share – Potential Market – Job Arrival – Job in Backlog – Av.
(Quality – Time in Job Backlog – Av. Time to Complete Job – Relative Job Time
Market) ratio - Perceive Quality – Market Share
Loop R1 Market Share – Potential Market – Job Arrival – Job in Backlog – Av.
(Quality – Time in Job Backlog – Av. Time to Complete Job – Relative Job Time
Price) ratio - Perceive Quality – Price - Market Share
Loop R2 Market Share – Potential Market – Job Arrival – Desired Op. Staff – Gap
(Staff – in Staff No. – Staff Hiring – Operation Staff – Staff Capacity – Job Start –
Quality) Av. Time in Job Backlog – Av. Time to Complete Job – Relative Job Time
ratio - Perceive Quality – Market Share
Loop B2 Market Share – Potential Market – Job Arrival – Desired Op. Staff – Gap
(Staff – in Staff No. – Staff Hiring – Operation Staff – Staff Capacity – Job Start –
Price) Av. Time in Job Backlog – Av. Time to Complete Job – Relative Job Time
ratio - Perceive Quality – Price – Market Share
Loop B3, B4, Gap in Staff No – Staff Hiring – Operation Staff – Gap in Staff No.
dan R3 Operation Staff – Staff Leaving – Operation Staff
(Staffing) Gap in Staff No. – Staff Hiring – Staff Leaving – Operation Staff – Gap in
Staff No.
14. PENGUJIAN DAN VALIDASI MODEL
• Uji model selanjutnya adalah menyangkut validitas
(kredibilitas) model. Tujuannya adalah mengetahui apakah
model secara aktual dapat menggambarkan dan
menghasilkan perilaku yang sama dengan apa yang
diharapkan dari sistem nyatanya.
• Validasi model ditentukan oleh dua jenis uji :
– Uji Struktur Model : Apakah struktur model yang dibangun
dapat merupakan suatu penjelasan dari permasalahan
nyatanya?
– Uji Perilaku Model : Apakah pola dinamika yang dihasilkan
model sama dengan pola dinamika nyatanya?
15. PENGUJIAN DAN VALIDASI MODEL
• Uji struktur model ini biasanya melibatkan pakar dan praktisi
yang memahami permasalahan untuk menguji struktur model
yang telah dibangun apakah telah sesuai dengan teori dan kondisi
yang ada di lapangan.
• Uji perilaku model dirancang untuk membandingkan perilaku
komponen model yang dibangun dengan perilaku dalam dunia
nyatanya.
• Dalam uji perilaku ini lebih pada membandingkan pola perilaku
model dengan sistem nyatanya dan bukan membandingkan nilai-
nilainya satu persatu.
18. Analisis Sensitivitas
• Analisis sensitivitas digunakan untuk
menentukan seberapa sensitif sebuah
model yang dibangun terhadap
perubahan nilai parameter dan /atau
strukturnya.