TEDxCLE - Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie - Searching for Our Ancestors in the Afar Desert of Ethiopia
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Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie is the Curator and Head of Physical Anthropology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History and Adjunct Professor of Anthropology at Case Western Reserve University. He conducts research on early human evolution in Africa. His work centers on the Afar region of Ethiopia where he and his team survey large areas looking for fossil remains of early humans and other animals to better understand the paleobiology and paleoecology of these early humans and, ultimately, our origins. His research has been published in top scientific journals, including Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. He is a Fellow at the Institute of the Science of Origins (Case Western Reserve University) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection in a small group. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.* (*Subject to certain rules and regulations)
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Fossils In Africa
Fossils provide important insights into history. The document discusses several significant fossil finds in Africa, including "Lucy" - the well-preserved skeleton of an early human ancestor from 3.2 million years ago. Another group of human-like hominids called "Handy Man" were taller and smarter than Lucy's species. The fossil of "Neanderthal Man" was also found, revealing information about another group that lived in the same region. Fossils can be used to determine the age of the rocks they are found in and provide clues about Earth's geological shifts over time.
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Archaeology Guidebook
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Our human origins
This document discusses human origins from both mainstream and opposing viewpoints. The mainstream view is that Homo habilis emerged 2.4 million years ago, followed by Homo erectus 1.8 million years ago, Neanderthals 250,000 years ago, and Homo sapiens 200,000 years ago. Evidence for this includes morphological similarities between species and archaeological remains. However, the opposing view cites forbidden discoveries of human artifacts over 250,000 years old and human footprints over 100 million years old. DNA evidence also suggests other species did not contribute to the modern human genome. There are still many open questions around human origins.
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“Thus it can be stated confidently that the "Lucy" specimen is ca. 3 m.y. old, while some of the other, stratigraphically lower Hadar hominids are at least 3.3 and possibly as much as 3.6 m.y. old. “
[Source: Ian Tattersall, et al. eds, Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory (Chicago: St James Press, 1988), pp. 239-241]
From: http://www.selamta.net/Lucy.htm
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2) Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and western Asia from 130,000-30,000 years ago, were premodern humans that shared traits with modern humans but also had distinguishing morphological features.
3) Anatomically modern humans are believed to have first evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago before migrating and replacing or interbreeding with local populations, though some argue regional continuity of evolution also occurred.
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1. The document discusses several historical mysteries that have been solved through advances in modern technology, including the Shroud of Turin, the remains of Anastasia Romanov, and Amelia Earhart's disappearance.
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3. Additionally, it discusses how the Columbian Exchange dramatically changed global plant and animal life through the transference of species between the Old World and New World, with both benefits and consequences.
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2) It summarizes a film following geneticist Spencer Wells as he traces human migration patterns out of Africa using DNA analysis.
3) It outlines historian David Keyes' theory that a volcanic eruption in the 6th century caused global cooling and climate change, based on tree ring and ice core evidence.
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2) Scientists have traced human migration routes across the world through DNA studies of thousands of people, showing movements from Africa to India, Australia, Central Asia, and into northern Asia and the Americas.
3) Dr. Spencer Wells found genetic evidence connecting all humans today as descendants from an "African skin" and tracing key DNA samples from four regions - Arizona, Russia, Central Asia, and Australia - to complete the journey begun by early humans migrating out of Africa.
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- Together, fossils like Ardi and Lucy helped show that early hominids like Australopithecus were adapting to walking upright, representing an important
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- The first humans in North America were Black or Negroid peoples, not Mongoloid peoples as commonly believed. Evidence from early archaeological sites and the physical characteristics of the earliest remains show they looked similar to modern Africans, Australians, and Polynesians.
- Only a very small percentage of today's Black Americans can trace their ancestry to the approximately 308,000 African slaves brought to North America. The harsh conditions slaves faced led to declining populations.
- The Lewis and Clark Expedition from 1804-1806 was the first American expedition to cross the western United States after the Louisiana Purchase. They encountered and documented many Native American tribes along their journey.
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The document discusses early human development based on fossil evidence. It summarizes that earliest humans originated in Africa and spread across the globe. Studying human remains and artifacts helps understand our place in human history. Key terms discussed include hominid, Paleolithic Age, and Neolithic Age. Several important early humans are also mentioned, such as Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Homo sapiens.
Evolve
1. The document traces the evolution of human behavior from early hominids like Australopithecus and Homo erectus to anatomically modern humans.
2. Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus in Africa around 200,000 years ago and began migrating across Asia and Europe around 100,000 years ago.
3. The development of language allowed humans to exchange ideas, store knowledge across generations, and engage in collective learning, fueling increasingly complex culture.
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1. The document traces the evolution of human behavior from early hominids like Australopithecus and Homo erectus to anatomically modern humans.
2. Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus in Africa around 200,000 years ago and began migrating across Asia and Europe around 100,000 years ago.
3. The development of language allowed humans to exchange ideas, store knowledge across generations, and engage in collective learning, fueling increasingly complex culture.
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The document discusses the species Paranthropus boisei, which lived in eastern Africa between 2.3-1.2 million years ago. P. boisei had robust features adapted for chewing, including strong jaws and large molars. Several important fossil finds of P. boisei are described, including KNM-ER 406 and KNM-ER 732A from Koobi Fora, Kenya, and the famous "Nutcracker Man" from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. These fossils provided insights into sexual dimorphism and posture in P. boisei.
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In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection in a small group. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.* (*Subject to certain rules and regulations)
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Similar to TEDxCLE - Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie - Searching for Our Ancestors in the Afar Desert of Ethiopia
The FIRST HUMAN Being in Ethiopia, "When God Was Called Lucy"
“Thus it can be stated confidently that the "Lucy" specimen is ca. 3 m.y. old, while some of the other, stratigraphically lower Hadar hominids are at least 3.3 and possibly as much as 3.6 m.y. old. “
[Source: Ian Tattersall, et al. eds, Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory (Chicago: St James Press, 1988), pp. 239-241]
From: http://www.selamta.net/Lucy.htm
I Search Africa Project
Archaeology reveals Africa's hidden history and the evolution of early humans through fossils found across the continent. Fossils show that the first hominids appeared in Africa around 3 million years ago, including "Lucy" whose skeleton was found in 1974. Early humans known as "Upright Man" began controlling fire around 1 million years ago, and later the more advanced Neanderthals emerged, though initial assessments of them as dimwitted were later disproven. Fossils provide clues about climate change's impact on cultural development over the past 10,000 years.
African Exodus
1) Homo erectus were the first hominids to disperse out of Africa around 1.8 million years ago, migrating to various parts of Asia and Europe.
2) Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and western Asia from 130,000-30,000 years ago, were premodern humans that shared traits with modern humans but also had distinguishing morphological features.
3) Anatomically modern humans are believed to have first evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago before migrating and replacing or interbreeding with local populations, though some argue regional continuity of evolution also occurred.
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The document discusses early humans in Africa based on fossil evidence. It describes Lucy, a 3 foot 8 inch tall female skeleton from Australopithecus afarensis that was discovered in Ethiopia in 1974. Early Africans are believed to have lived by gathering plants and scavenging meat around 1.9 million years ago. The document also notes that genetic evidence shows Africa was the only place modern humans lived until around 60,000 years ago. It poses questions about how early Africans related to each other and what caused the extinction of A. afarensis.
Spinops sternbergorum
Spinops sternbergorum was a new species of ceratopsian dinosaur discovered in 1916 in Alberta, Canada by father and son Charles and Levi Sternberg. The skull fragments were initially deemed unimportant and shelved. In 2011, paleontologists led by Dr. Andrew Farke recognized the significance of the fragments and identified them as a new species, providing insights into links between Centrosaurus and Styracosaurus. At about 10-20 feet long and 2 tons, Spinops lived 76 million years ago on the coastal plains of late Cretaceous Alberta among cypress trees and other plant life.
What is history
1. The document discusses several historical mysteries that have been solved through advances in modern technology, including the Shroud of Turin, the remains of Anastasia Romanov, and Amelia Earhart's disappearance.
2. It also summarizes geneticist Spencer Wells' research which used DNA evidence to support the "single origin hypothesis" that all humans originated from ancestors in Africa around 60,000 years ago before migrating worldwide.
3. Additionally, it discusses how the Columbian Exchange dramatically changed global plant and animal life through the transference of species between the Old World and New World, with both benefits and consequences.
Assign 1 hist 140
The document provides a summary of several films and theories about history and human origins:
1) It discusses a film about how early Greeks began questioning their surroundings and seeking practical explanations for the world, shifting human thinking away from myths.
2) It summarizes a film following geneticist Spencer Wells as he traces human migration patterns out of Africa using DNA analysis.
3) It outlines historian David Keyes' theory that a volcanic eruption in the 6th century caused global cooling and climate change, based on tree ring and ice core evidence.
THE HOBBIT
The discovery of Homo floresiensis, nicknamed "the hobbit", was an archaeological find on the island of Flores, Indonesia in 2003. Mike Morwood's research team found bones and stone tools from a new species of human that was much smaller, around 3 feet tall, than modern humans. The discovery was a surprise and raised questions about human evolution and migration. While some disputed it was a separate species, most evidence shows it was likely a distinct hominin. The artifacts are now likely located in Indonesia or the Smithsonian Institution, but it is unclear if they can be publicly viewed. The find provided new insights about the diversity and geographic spread of human ancestors.
The Journey of Man
1) The document discusses human migration patterns out of Africa starting 60,000 years ago, as driven by desires for resources, settlement, and new climates.
2) Scientists have traced human migration routes across the world through DNA studies of thousands of people, showing movements from Africa to India, Australia, Central Asia, and into northern Asia and the Americas.
3) Dr. Spencer Wells found genetic evidence connecting all humans today as descendants from an "African skin" and tracing key DNA samples from four regions - Arizona, Russia, Central Asia, and Australia - to complete the journey begun by early humans migrating out of Africa.
Australopithecus Cordi Human Evolution
- Scientists have discovered fossils that provide evidence of the transition from early hominids like Australopithecus to humans, filling in gaps in the human evolutionary story. Key discoveries include Australopithecus sediba, Ardipithecus ramidus (Ardi), and Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy).
- Ardi engaged in both tree climbing and early bipedalism, indicating a transition from arboreal to terrestrial locomotion. Lucy's bones also showed clear signs of habitual bipedalism.
- Together, fossils like Ardi and Lucy helped show that early hominids like Australopithecus were adapting to walking upright, representing an important
Black american indians
- The first humans in North America were Black or Negroid peoples, not Mongoloid peoples as commonly believed. Evidence from early archaeological sites and the physical characteristics of the earliest remains show they looked similar to modern Africans, Australians, and Polynesians.
- Only a very small percentage of today's Black Americans can trace their ancestry to the approximately 308,000 African slaves brought to North America. The harsh conditions slaves faced led to declining populations.
- The Lewis and Clark Expedition from 1804-1806 was the first American expedition to cross the western United States after the Louisiana Purchase. They encountered and documented many Native American tribes along their journey.
Pre-Human Finds
The document summarizes key pre-modern human finds from 6-2 million years ago, including Sahelanthropus tchadensis found in Chad dating to 6-7 MYA, Orrorin tugenensis found in Kenya dating to 6 MYA, Ardipithecus ramidus found in Ethiopia dating to 4.4 MYA, various Australopithecus species such as A. afarensis found in Ethiopia dating to 4.2-3.9 MYA, Kenyanthropus platyops found in Kenya dating to 3.5-3.2 MYA, early Homo species including H. habilis found in Tanzania dating to 2.5 MYA
Human evolution
Human evolution began with the last common ancestor of all life and tracks the evolutionary history of primates and the genus Homo. Key developments included primates diverging from other mammals 85 million years ago, the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species in 1859 which argued for evolution by natural selection, and the discovery of many fossil intermediates in East Africa in the 1960s and 1970s by paleoanthropologists like Louis and Mary Leakey. Bipedalism is considered a major anatomical adaptation in human evolution and the evidence comes from fields like fossils, genetics, and DNA analysis.
S.s. unit 1 lesson 1
The document discusses early human development based on fossil evidence. It summarizes that earliest humans originated in Africa and spread across the globe. Studying human remains and artifacts helps understand our place in human history. Key terms discussed include hominid, Paleolithic Age, and Neolithic Age. Several important early humans are also mentioned, such as Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Homo sapiens.
Evolve
1. The document traces the evolution of human behavior from early hominids like Australopithecus and Homo erectus to anatomically modern humans.
2. Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus in Africa around 200,000 years ago and began migrating across Asia and Europe around 100,000 years ago.
3. The development of language allowed humans to exchange ideas, store knowledge across generations, and engage in collective learning, fueling increasingly complex culture.
Evolve
1. The document traces the evolution of human behavior from early hominids like Australopithecus and Homo erectus to anatomically modern humans.
2. Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus in Africa around 200,000 years ago and began migrating across Asia and Europe around 100,000 years ago.
3. The development of language allowed humans to exchange ideas, store knowledge across generations, and engage in collective learning, fueling increasingly complex culture.
Paranthropus Boisei
The document discusses the species Paranthropus boisei, which lived in eastern Africa between 2.3-1.2 million years ago. P. boisei had robust features adapted for chewing, including strong jaws and large molars. Several important fossil finds of P. boisei are described, including KNM-ER 406 and KNM-ER 732A from Koobi Fora, Kenya, and the famous "Nutcracker Man" from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. These fossils provided insights into sexual dimorphism and posture in P. boisei.
HISTORIA DE LOS EXPLORADORES
The Explorers Club was formed in 1904 to unite explorers and promote exploration. It has grown to over 3,000 members representing 60 countries. Notable early members include Adolphus Greely and founders aimed to limit membership to those who traveled and contributed results. The Club has locations in New York City and its members have accomplished many exploration firsts and important discoveries across disciplines like marine archaeology, paleontology, genetics, and more.
Lucy Presentation
Lucy was the oldest hominid ever discovered at 3.2 million years old. She was discovered by Donald Johanson in Ethiopia in 1974. Lucy provided evidence of the link between early hominids and modern humans, as she displayed traits of both apes and humans, such as walking upright.
Big History
Big History is the holistic study of history from the Big Bang to present. It traces patterns and connections between events across disciplines like geology, astronomy, biology and anthropology. An example given is how studying the origins and spread of coffee involves geography, botany, and the Dutch East India Company's role in propagating it across five continents. Big History aims to understand why things are the way they are by considering all relevant factors over long time periods.
Similar to TEDxCLE - Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie - Searching for Our Ancestors in the Afar Desert of Ethiopia (20)
The FIRST HUMAN Being in Ethiopia, "When God Was Called Lucy"
The FIRST HUMAN Being in Ethiopia, "When God Was Called Lucy"
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The document introduces "The Harrington Project for Discovery & Development" which aims to bridge the "Valley of Death" between pre-clinical research and clinical trials in developing new medicines. It notes that while disease discoveries have increased, the ability to translate that into clinical applications has slowed. The Harrington Project seeks to accelerate breakthrough discoveries into medicines through a nonprofit-for-profit model collaborating with research institutions and disease foundations.
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1. The document discusses making bold plans and aiming high to inspire others through transformational change.
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3. The overall message is about thinking ambitiously and strategically executing plans through perseverance.
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- 1. Searching for Our Ancestors in the Afar Desert of Ethiopia: An Incessant Affair Yohannes Haile-Selassie (Ph.D.) Cleveland Museum of Natural History 1 Wade Oval Drive, Cleveland, OH 44106 & Case Western Reserve University 14900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
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