The document discusses a methodology for incorporating new technologies into products and systems. It introduces Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), Integration Readiness Levels (IRL), and System Readiness Levels (SRL) as metrics to measure the maturity of individual technologies, their integration, and the overall system. The approach involves identifying customer needs, prioritizing technologies, and systematically maturing technologies from the component to system level. Examples are provided of NASA's use of TRLs and how Honeywell has incorporated new technologies like control moment gyros and vibration isolation mechanisms into spacecraft. The importance of integrating mature subsystems while following a systems engineering process is emphasized to achieve a high system readiness.
Multi-objective optimization for the probabilistic seismic performance based design of an example moment frame steel structure is presented. Direct economic and social losses associated with seismic events, which are of interest in the current recommended frameworks for the performance based design of structures, are considered in the optimization problem defined. Three optimization objectives are selected: the initial construction cost, modeled as the weight of the structural system; expected annual economic loss associated with damage resulting from seismic hazard; and expected annual social loss resulting from seismic hazard induced damage. Hazus recommended procedures are applied in the economic and social loss calculations which include the fragility functions used in the damage analyses and injury event models implemented in the social loss calculations. The multiobjective optimization method uses a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm strategy. The optimization results for the multiple objectives are presented and discussed in the form of Pareto fronts. Engineering demand parameters implemented for the seismic loss analysis are inter-story drifts and peak floor accelerations and are obtained using inelastic time history analysis for the ground motions associated with various seismic hazard levels. To illustrate the design procedure, loss parameters are calculated for an example steel structure located in Los Angeles, CA.
Validation of Spacecraft Behaviour Using a Collaborative ApproachDaniele Gianni
Presentation delivered at the 3rd IEEE Track on
Collaborative Modeling & Simulation - CoMetS'12.
Please see http://www.sel.uniroma2.it/comets12/ for further details.
Modeling & Simulation of CubeSat-based Missions'Concept of OperationsObeo
Discover how Arcadia/Capella is used to model and simulate concept of operations scenarios for CubeSat-based missions. During this webinar, Danilo Pallamin de Almeida, who worked as a Space Systems Engineer for the NanosatC-BR2 mission at INPE, the Brazilian Institute for Space Research, will present how CubeSat-based missions have been modeled with Capella.
The model describing an initial architecture mission and concept of operations (CONOPS) is used to generate a script that configures a satellite simulator with the corresponding mission parameters.
You will see how it allows the INPE to:
- run concept of operations scenarios simulations,
- use the results for power/data-budget analyses and trade studies
Multi-objective optimization for the probabilistic seismic performance based design of an example moment frame steel structure is presented. Direct economic and social losses associated with seismic events, which are of interest in the current recommended frameworks for the performance based design of structures, are considered in the optimization problem defined. Three optimization objectives are selected: the initial construction cost, modeled as the weight of the structural system; expected annual economic loss associated with damage resulting from seismic hazard; and expected annual social loss resulting from seismic hazard induced damage. Hazus recommended procedures are applied in the economic and social loss calculations which include the fragility functions used in the damage analyses and injury event models implemented in the social loss calculations. The multiobjective optimization method uses a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm strategy. The optimization results for the multiple objectives are presented and discussed in the form of Pareto fronts. Engineering demand parameters implemented for the seismic loss analysis are inter-story drifts and peak floor accelerations and are obtained using inelastic time history analysis for the ground motions associated with various seismic hazard levels. To illustrate the design procedure, loss parameters are calculated for an example steel structure located in Los Angeles, CA.
Validation of Spacecraft Behaviour Using a Collaborative ApproachDaniele Gianni
Presentation delivered at the 3rd IEEE Track on
Collaborative Modeling & Simulation - CoMetS'12.
Please see http://www.sel.uniroma2.it/comets12/ for further details.
Modeling & Simulation of CubeSat-based Missions'Concept of OperationsObeo
Discover how Arcadia/Capella is used to model and simulate concept of operations scenarios for CubeSat-based missions. During this webinar, Danilo Pallamin de Almeida, who worked as a Space Systems Engineer for the NanosatC-BR2 mission at INPE, the Brazilian Institute for Space Research, will present how CubeSat-based missions have been modeled with Capella.
The model describing an initial architecture mission and concept of operations (CONOPS) is used to generate a script that configures a satellite simulator with the corresponding mission parameters.
You will see how it allows the INPE to:
- run concept of operations scenarios simulations,
- use the results for power/data-budget analyses and trade studies
This short Course provides to University Aerospace Engineering students with a Panoramic Instruction on the Project Management (PM), System Engineering (SE) and Integrated Logistic Support (ILS) Processes which are Fundamental to the Success of Aerospace Projects together with some hints for Professional Development in these Fields.
The Cource also introduces the PM, SE and ILS Basic Activities, Organizational Aspects, Main Processes, Methods, and Procedures.
#SiriusCon 2015: Talk by Christophe Boudjennah "Experimenting the Open Source...Obeo
Capella is a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) solution using Sirius for its diagrams rendering.
It has been initially developed in house by Thales and has been open sourced (in Polarsys) within the context of the CLARITY project. This was actually the very first step of CLARITY, which aims at developing and structuring an international ecosystem around Capella. The CLARITY project now investigates customization capabilities for Capella and aims at complementing the ecosystem with a community that brings together major actors of the entire engineering value chain (industrials, integrators, technology providers and consultants, academia) for open innovation in MBSE within Capella.
In this context, Areva and Airbus Defence & Space already made lots of experimentations and are helping the ecosystem to mature up by providing feedbacks to the community. In this talk, you will get an overview of what those 2 Industrial companies have realized so far.
[About Christophe Boudjennah:
Christophe is a senior system/software architect and project manager. His experience leads him to work for various domains such as defense, IT, or the Automotive industry. Most of his career has been focused on Systems Engineering for complex embedded systems, whether it is from the "methods and tools provider" point of view or from the operational one. He is now working for Obeo, and is dealing with various open source and systems engineering related topics. One of his current main responsibilities is to be the project coordinator of Clarity, a large R&D project whose purpose is to open-source Capella (an industrial workbench for system engineering).]
Nowadays, we are surrounded by system of systems, autonomous systems, interconnected systems or distributed heterogeneous systems with an increase in architecture complexity.
Keeping these systems operational is a challenge as the number of potential failures which may affect their availability also increases drastically. In order to optimize availability, maintenance activities have to be designed within the design phase of the system.
Whatever the implementation choice, detection, diagnostic or prevention of failures require tests.
The goal for autonomous systems also pushes towards embedded detection and prevention capabilities and thus arguing and decision making between system engineers and maintenance engineers to share solutions in their respective activities.
In this presentation, we talk about the ability of a system designed with Capella to be tested, including in the maintenance phase. This means to interconnect several kinds of models representing different perspectives: System Design (MBSE), RAMS Analysis (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety) and Testability.
We present how a MBSE approach with Capella can be used to initiate a testability study performed with the eXpress tool from DSI International.
This short Course provides to University Aerospace Engineering students with a Panoramic Instruction on the Project Management (PM), System Engineering (SE) and Integrated Logistic Support (ILS) Processes which are Fundamental to the Success of Aerospace Projects together with some hints for Professional Development in these Fields.
The Cource also introduces the PM, SE and ILS Basic Activities, Organizational Aspects, Main Processes, Methods, and Procedures.
#SiriusCon 2015: Talk by Christophe Boudjennah "Experimenting the Open Source...Obeo
Capella is a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) solution using Sirius for its diagrams rendering.
It has been initially developed in house by Thales and has been open sourced (in Polarsys) within the context of the CLARITY project. This was actually the very first step of CLARITY, which aims at developing and structuring an international ecosystem around Capella. The CLARITY project now investigates customization capabilities for Capella and aims at complementing the ecosystem with a community that brings together major actors of the entire engineering value chain (industrials, integrators, technology providers and consultants, academia) for open innovation in MBSE within Capella.
In this context, Areva and Airbus Defence & Space already made lots of experimentations and are helping the ecosystem to mature up by providing feedbacks to the community. In this talk, you will get an overview of what those 2 Industrial companies have realized so far.
[About Christophe Boudjennah:
Christophe is a senior system/software architect and project manager. His experience leads him to work for various domains such as defense, IT, or the Automotive industry. Most of his career has been focused on Systems Engineering for complex embedded systems, whether it is from the "methods and tools provider" point of view or from the operational one. He is now working for Obeo, and is dealing with various open source and systems engineering related topics. One of his current main responsibilities is to be the project coordinator of Clarity, a large R&D project whose purpose is to open-source Capella (an industrial workbench for system engineering).]
Nowadays, we are surrounded by system of systems, autonomous systems, interconnected systems or distributed heterogeneous systems with an increase in architecture complexity.
Keeping these systems operational is a challenge as the number of potential failures which may affect their availability also increases drastically. In order to optimize availability, maintenance activities have to be designed within the design phase of the system.
Whatever the implementation choice, detection, diagnostic or prevention of failures require tests.
The goal for autonomous systems also pushes towards embedded detection and prevention capabilities and thus arguing and decision making between system engineers and maintenance engineers to share solutions in their respective activities.
In this presentation, we talk about the ability of a system designed with Capella to be tested, including in the maintenance phase. This means to interconnect several kinds of models representing different perspectives: System Design (MBSE), RAMS Analysis (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety) and Testability.
We present how a MBSE approach with Capella can be used to initiate a testability study performed with the eXpress tool from DSI International.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
2. Introduction and Session Objectives
• Guest Host: Sherri Breece, Honeywell Human Space
Sr. Systems and Software Engineering Manager
• Title: A Well-Grounded Approach to Implementing Out of
the World Technology
• The objective of this interview is to introduce you to a
methodology for technology insertion in products
and systems
• The following questions will be answered:
– What are Technology, Integration and System Readiness Levels?
– How do I incorporate technology into products or services and or
what approach do I use?
– How do I mitigate the risk of incorporating technology into a
product?
3. What do These Products Have in
Common?
Flame
Resistant
Clothing
Reflective
Material
4. Answer
• They are all products that resulted from technology
necessary for the success of the Apollo missions and
human lunar exploration.
5. Special Guest
• Mitch Fletcher – Chief Systems
Engineer for Honeywell Human Space
Division
6. TRL (Technology Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the maturity of
each component technology.
IRL (Integration Readiness Level):
Used as an input to the analysis to measure the integration of
two TRL assessed technologies.
SRL (System Readiness Level):
Used to assess the overall system development and prioritize
potential areas that require further development.
SRL Index => What it Contains?
What is Technology and How is its Maturity
Measured?
7. What Drives New Technology and What
are the Priorities?
• Considerations (Figure of Merit drives)
– Need – Beat competition, solves a problem
– Cost – Cost to mature technology
– Schedule – How long will it take to mature
– Risk to mature/insert
– Integration readiness
Six-Sigma Tools Are Used to Prioritize Technology Focus
Based on Importance to the Customer
PriorityCustomer
Needs
8. How does NASA define TRL?
9) Actual system 'flight proven' through
successful mission operations
8) Actual system completed and 'flight
qualified' through test and
demonstration (ground or space)
7) System prototype demonstration in a
space environment
6) System/subsystem model or prototype
demonstration in a relevant environment
(ground or space)
5) Component and/or breadboard validation
in relevant environment
4) Component and/or breadboard validation
in laboratory environment
3) Analytical and experimental critical
function and/or characteristic proof of
concept
2) Technology concept and/or application
formulated
1) Basic principles observed and reported
1 Mankins, John C. (6 April 1995). "Technology Readiness Levels: A White Paper". NASA, Office of Space Access and Technology,
Advanced Concepts Office. http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/codeq/trl/trl.pdf.
12. Systems Engineering Approach for Maturing
Technology
Describes the Scope and Context (Vocabulary of the Architecture
All View
Operational
View
Identifies What Needs to be
Accomplished and Who Does It
Services
View
Relates Services and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
System
View
Relates Systems and
Characteristics to
Operational Needs
Technical Standards
View
•Prescribes Standards and
•Conventions
Core
Architecture
Describes How the System
Is Implemented
• Technical Standards Criteria
Governing Interoperable
Implementation/Procurement of
the Selected System Capabilities
• Specific System Capabilities
Required to Satisfy Information
Exchanges
Capability
View
Deployed Capability
Timing of Capability
13. Who is Responsible for Inserting New
Technology?
• One approach for roles and responsibilities
SRS
Definition TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
Research Center 6.1 Scientist n/a n/a
Applied research 6.2 n/a Scientist n/a
Advanced technology dev. 6.3a n/a Joint Engineer
Major systems development 6.3b-6.6 n/a n/a Engineer
TRL 1-3 TRL 4-6 TRL 7-9
Joint
Scientist Engineer
14. What are Some Actual Examples of
Technology Insertion?
• Two Space products currently in production
–Control Moment Gyros
–Space Isolation Mechanism
• Integrating two products to obtain high SRL
–Momentum Control System
15. Control Moment Gyro Example
• Product Description: A Control Moment Gyro is an
attitude control device used to control Spacecraft position
and direction.
– Provides the ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft
• Application:
─ Satellite and payload pointing
─ Satellite stabilization - successfully flown for LEO/GEO/HEO
satellites
─ Other spacecraft stabilization, such as ISS
16. Control Moment Gyro Example
• Technologies Developed:
– Tribology (Bearing System)
– Control Algorithm (apparent ϕjc)
– Structure
– Steering Laws
• Technical Challenges Encountered:
– CMG size reduction
Driven by customer needs
– Interaction of two structures
CMG wants stiff, Isolation wants soft
Packaging and optimal placement
– Cable interface across soft mount
18. Structural Control Mechanism (Isolator
Example)
• Technologies Developed:
– Modification of existing technology for Space applications
– Application specific patents
• Considerations and Approach:
– A “few” appendage Modes
– Many structural resonances
– High frequency base motion
– Payload disturbance and pointing, low frequency base motion.
– Launch induced vibrations on entire spacecraft
19. Integrating Two High TRL Products Have a
High SRL, Right?
• Integrating two Mature Products isn’t a Slam Dunk
– Sometimes the square peg doesn’t fit into the round hole
– It may require a little patience in putting the puzzle together
– Following the Systems Maturity Process model will result in
Success!
20. Integrated CMGs and Isolation Mechanism
• Product Description: Integrated Momentum Control
System
– Integrates multiple CMG’s with Structural Isolation Mechanism
21. Application: Momentum Control System
Problem
• CMGs are a primary contributor to the jitter
that affects Electro-optical and Infrared
payloads
Solution
• Integrate isolation solutions and structural
analysis models and capabilities into satellite
design.
Momentum Control System (MCS) Value
Proposition
• Reduces cost of CMGs to meet spacecraft /
payload jitter requirements when combined
with D-Struts
• Eliminates majority of Prime Contractor
research and development for MCS structural
mode analysis
• Provides Value to customers to have an
integrated system vs. individual products for
the transfer of system integration responsibility
and fail-safe performance.
Isolation System used in
commercial satellites
• CMGs (4-6)
• Integrated D-Strut ®
structural dampers
• Palette / bench with
quantified structural stiffness
• CMG electronics
• Processor that hosts CMG
steering laws
23. Space Station Docking Exercise
• Objective: Identify which sensor(s) and flight computer to
“Integrate” with the thrusters to complete an autonomous
docking system for spacecraft to ISS docking.
• Develop Figure of Merit Chart to drive decisions
• Select recommended sensors
• Be prepared to explain why they were selected.
24. Spacecraft Auto Docking to Space Station
• The Space Shuttle used a manual docking method
– Communication and Navigation System is used to 50 meters
– Astronaut then points Lidar gun at Space Station
– Pilot manually guides the sensor in with jet control
• Exercise:
– Use the sensors and flight computer to “Integrate” with the
thrusters to complete an autonomous docking system
– Mission is from 1 Km to docking
More than one sensor type will be needed
– Optimize performance for the customer system
Editor's Notes
Example of how to determine what technology area to focus.
Provide overview of how NASA defines TRL.
Include this as a handout to the audience, perhaps we can laminate and include Honeywell logo.
Brief description of SRL, then provide overview of slide.
Animated slide
Animated slide. Talks about DoDAF approach to Systems Engineering. Relate to Systems Readiness Level
- The next section will walk through two examples of how technology is used in actual space products or system.
- The first two examples are products currently in production. The focus is technology insertion
- The third example demonstrates the importance of System Readiness maturity that integrates two mature products. Each singular product is categorized as TRL 9, but as a System the SRL is ?
Definition of a CMG (What is it and what is it used for): is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum. As the rotor tilts, the changing angular momentum causes a gyroscopic torque that rotates the spacecraft. They provide satellites with rapid, precision, pointing and tracking maneuvers.
What is Attitude Control?
– The ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft to
directions of interest and to counter disturbances
• Why is Attitude Control a problem?
– Mission requires high pointing and stability
– Physical constraints: mass, power, volume,
lifetime
– Increased autonomy and robustness
– Diverse requirements
• Planetary missions amplify the above issues
Worldview - By 1st quarter 2009, with the addition of WorldView-2, the constellation will be capable of collection 1,000,000 km2/day
International Space Station has four CMG’s that hold the space station at a fixed attitude relative to the surface of the Earth
Definition of a CMG (What is it and what is it used for): is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum. As the rotor tilts, the changing angular momentum causes a gyroscopic torque that rotates the spacecraft. They provide satellites with rapid, precision, pointing and tracking maneuvers.
What is Attitude Control?
– The ability to point and stabilize a spacecraft to
directions of interest and to counter disturbances
• Why is Attitude Control a problem?
– Mission requires high pointing and stability
– Physical constraints: mass, power, volume,
lifetime
– Increased autonomy and robustness
– Diverse requirements
• Planetary missions amplify the above issues
Worldview - By 1st quarter 2009, with the addition of WorldView-2, the constellation will be capable of collection 1,000,000 km2/day
International Space Station has four CMG’s that hold the space station at a fixed attitude relative to the surface of the Earth
Spacecraft structures are unlike any other. They demand complex solutions to reduce the launch loads and on-orbit-induced vibration, thus improving system performance. Honeywell has extensive experience in isolating complete satellites from launch vibration, and in reducing on-orbit disturbances from the bus, the payload, and the momentum control system. Utilizing this experience and a dedicated development laboratory, Honeywell has the expertise to support satellite designs with structural control, leading to a high probability of mission success, regardless of the spacecraft challenge presented.
Spacecraft structures are unlike any other. They demand complex solutions to reduce the launch loads and on-orbit-induced vibration, thus improving system performance. Honeywell has extensive experience in isolating complete satellites from launch vibration, and in reducing on-orbit disturbances from the bus, the payload, and the momentum control system. Utilizing this experience and a dedicated development laboratory, Honeywell has the expertise to support satellite designs with structural control, leading to a high probability of mission success, regardless of the spacecraft challenge presented.
Honeywell offers RWA “fine balancing” at an additional charge to minimize vibration output from the assembly.
CMG/RWA isolators are only offered upon request, as they are viewed as expensive and used only when absolutely required.
Primes / OEMs evaluate RWA/CMG modal influence on overall vehicle objectives, and may solicit Honeywell or a competitor to provide an isolation system if standard or “fine” balancing is insufficient.
Competitors such as CSA/MOOG are viewed by Primes / OEMs as less expensive sources of isolators than Honeywell.
Honeywell wants to integrate isolators as part of individual RWA and CMG installations.
An isolation system concept has been identified to achieve a low cost integrated solution.
Avoid having competitors provide isolation systems for Honeywell momentum products, thus securing this “captive” value stream.
Differentiate Honeywell offering – other momentum product competitor (such as ITHACO, EADS Astrium and TELDIX) do not offer isolation systems (added value)
Increase the demand for isolation systems by Primes / OEMs as part of their momentum product procurement.