Technical innovations in global Desert Locust early warning

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An area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) approach involves a preventative rather than a reactive strategy whereby all individuals of the pest population are targeted in time and space, resulting in more cost-effective and sustainable pest management. FAO’s Desert Locust preventive control strategy is a prime example of AW-IPM. The FAO Senior Locust Forecasting Officer was invited to present FAO's Desert Locust early warning system and the use of technical innovations at the Third International Conference on Area-wide Management of Insect Pests: Integrating the Sterile Insect and Related Nuclear and Other Techniques at IAEA, Vienna (Austria) on 22 May 2017.

Government & Nonprofit

Technical innovations
in Global Desert Locust
Early Warning
Keith Cressman

Desert Locust
Fall Armyworm
Caucasus &
Central Asia locusts
Red Palm Weevil
major transboundary pests

Early warning systems
in progress Caucasus & Central Asia (since 2010)
75 years Desert Locust (since 1943)
emerging Red Palm Weevil (2017)
Fall Armyworm (2017)

a swarm the size of Vienna
eats the same amount of food in 1 day
as everyone in Austria + Switzerland

50 countries
Desert Locust
Schistocerca gregaria
20% of the Earth’s land surface

irregular recessions & plagues
(1860–2017)
0
10
20
30
40
50
1860 70 80 90 1900 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2000 10
plague recessioncountries

YEARS
PREVENTIVE
$ 570 MILLION CONTROL OPERATIONS
(2003–2005)
$ 3.3 MILLION ANNUAL COST
PREVENTIVE CONTROL
(10 COUNTRIES W+NW AFRICA)
3 = 170YEARS
CURATIVE

rainfall
unusual events
temperature
increase
winds
shifting
climate change impacts
★ more rapid
maturation
★ more frequent
outbreaks
★ new invasion
areas
more Desert Locusts !

information flow
FOR AREA-WIDE PEST MANAGEMENT
1. collect 2. analyse 3. advise

Desert Locust early warning system
3
SWARMS geographic information system
SEASONAL PREDICTIONS
5
6
1
frontline
secondary
invasion2
analysis
data collection
MODIS-DERIVED MAPS
4
advice (outputs)
7
RAINFALL ESTIMATES

Innovations
eLocust3
• handheld data logger
• data transmission by satellite
• navigate to vegetation
without Internet
Dynamic greenness
• MODIS-derived
• on-demand delivery by GEE
• new: dryness & soil moisture
GIS analysis
• open-source
• use team communications to
provide training & support

SUCCESSFUL
area-wide pest management
✓ meet & adapt to users’ needs
✓ keep it simple but powerful
✓ issue clear & well-targeted outputs
✓ provide sufficient training & support
✓ give feedback & motivation
✓ develop partnerships & networks
✓ always innovate sensibly

always innovate . . .
remote sensing
telecommunications
computing
transport
data management

100km
survey2 site
inspection3 safe
control4ID by
satellite1
D R O N E S

extensive survey
LONG-DISTANCE DRONE to find green areas within vast desert

ADDITIONAL EXTENSIVE SURVEYS from field base camp
50-100 km

intensive site inspection
ROTARY DRONE surveys site for locust infestations

control
CONTROL DRONE sprays locust infestations

Desert Locust
Fall Armyworm
Caucasus &
Central Asia locustsRed Palm Weevil
• Learn from world’s oldest migratory pest early warning system
• Appropriate innovation can lead to success
• Adapt & apply to other area-wide pest management

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Photos of the different stages and phases of the Desert Locust, the most dangerous of all migratory locust species in the world. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UNFAO) operates a global early warning system that monitors the situation and provides alerts and warnings in order to reduce the frequency, duration and intensity of devastating plagues that can quickly wipe out a farmer's livelihood and threaten food security on a national and continental scale. For more information, visit FAO's Locust Watch (www.fao.org/ag/locusts) or contact the FAO Desert Locust Information Service (eclo@fao.org).

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www.fao.org/ag/locusts An area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) approach involves a preventative rather than a reactive strategy whereby all individuals of the pest population are targeted in time and space, resulting in more cost-effective and sustainable pest management. FAO’s Desert Locust preventive control strategy is a prime example of AW-IPM. The FAO Senior Locust Forecasting Officer was invited to present FAO's Desert Locust early warning system and the use of technical innovations at the Third International Conference on Area-wide Management of Insect Pests: Integrating the Sterile Insect and Related Nuclear and Other Techniques at IAEA, Vienna (Austria) on 22 May 2017.

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Technical innovations in global Desert Locust early warning

1. Technical innovations in Global Desert Locust Early Warning Keith Cressman

2. Desert Locust Fall Armyworm Caucasus & Central Asia locusts Red Palm Weevil major transboundary pests

3. Early warning systems in progress Caucasus & Central Asia (since 2010) 75 years Desert Locust (since 1943) emerging Red Palm Weevil (2017) Fall Armyworm (2017)

4. a swarm of Desert Locust

5. a swarm the size of Vienna eats the same amount of food in 1 day as everyone in Austria + Switzerland

6. 50 countries Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria 20% of the Earth’s land surface

7. irregular recessions & plagues (1860–2017) 0 10 20 30 40 50 1860 70 80 90 1900 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2000 10 plague recessioncountries

8. YEARS PREVENTIVE $ 570 MILLION CONTROL OPERATIONS (2003–2005) $ 3.3 MILLION ANNUAL COST PREVENTIVE CONTROL (10 COUNTRIES W+NW AFRICA) 3 = 170YEARS CURATIVE

9. rainfall unusual events temperature increase winds shifting climate change impacts ★ more rapid maturation ★ more frequent outbreaks ★ new invasion areas more Desert Locusts !

10. information flow FOR AREA-WIDE PEST MANAGEMENT 1. collect 2. analyse 3. advise

11. Desert Locust early warning system 3 SWARMS geographic information system SEASONAL PREDICTIONS 5 6 1 frontline secondary invasion2 analysis data collection MODIS-DERIVED MAPS 4 advice (outputs) 7 RAINFALL ESTIMATES

12. Innovations eLocust3 • handheld data logger • data transmission by satellite • navigate to vegetation without Internet Dynamic greenness • MODIS-derived • on-demand delivery by GEE • new: dryness & soil moisture GIS analysis • open-source • use team communications to provide training & support

13. SUCCESSFUL area-wide pest management ✓ meet & adapt to users’ needs ✓ keep it simple but powerful ✓ issue clear & well-targeted outputs ✓ provide sufficient training & support ✓ give feedback & motivation ✓ develop partnerships & networks ✓ always innovate sensibly

14. always innovate . . . remote sensing telecommunications computing transport data management

15. 100km survey2 site inspection3 safe control4ID by satellite1 D R O N E S

16. extensive survey LONG-DISTANCE DRONE to find green areas within vast desert

17. ADDITIONAL EXTENSIVE SURVEYS from field base camp 50-100 km

18. intensive site inspection ROTARY DRONE surveys site for locust infestations

19. control CONTROL DRONE sprays locust infestations

20. Desert Locust Fall Armyworm Caucasus & Central Asia locustsRed Palm Weevil • Learn from world’s oldest migratory pest early warning system • Appropriate innovation can lead to success • Adapt & apply to other area-wide pest management

21. Technical innovations in Global Desert Locust Early Warning Keith Cressman

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