1. TEACHING MANUAL
Name of the teacher :- Parvathi T Pillai
Name of the school :- St.Thomas English Medium school std:- IX
Name of the subject :- Biology str :- 45
Name of the Unit :- Circulatory Pathways duration :- 45mnts
CURRICULAR STATEMENT
Develops different dimensions of knowledge, process
skills abd attitude on ‘struture of villus, & its function in circulatory
pathway’ through lecture method, demonstration, group discussion
and evaluation by questioning.
CONTENT ANALYSIS
NEW TERMS
FACTS
Digestion, digestive system, small intestine, abdominal
cavity,
Villi, capillaries, lacteals, lymph vessel, artery, vein.
1) Digestion of food is completed in the small intestine.
2) The components like water, oxygen, nutrients, excretory
matter etc. are carried to various parts of athe body.
3) The small intestine is seen as many folds, twisted, and
coiled.
4) There are a number of blood vessels in the small intestine.
5) The inner surface of small intestine is modified into many
infoldings, finger shaped villi are seen.
6) The infoldings of small intestine & villi increases the
surface area for absorption.
7) The nutrients are absorbed through this villi.
8) The group of small blood vessels that connect the veins
with the arteries are called network of capillaries.
9) A small branch of lymph vessels is also seen in the villus
called lacteal.

2. Minor
concept
Major
concept
Learning
outcome
Pre-requisites
Learning aids
10) Glucose and aminoacid are absorbed into the blood
and fatty acid & glycerol into the lymph.
 Digestion
 Structure of intestine
 Structure of villi
 Absorption
Special structures called ‘villus’ seen in small intestine helps
in absorption & transport of energy to different parts of the
body through blood.
The pupil,
a) recalls the process of digestion
b) acquires knowledge about the location of villi, in
small intestine
c) understands the structure & function of villi, in small
intestine
d) analyses which food particles is carried by lymph
and blood
e) develops scientific process skills like observation
f) develops components of creativity like visualization
g) evaluates the importance of villus in small intestine
to increase the surface area for proper absorption
Digestion is completed in small intestine & absorption takes
place
 Chart showing diagramatic representation of digestive
system & structure of villus
 Video showing process of digestion in stomach
 model

3. CLASS ROOM INTERACTION PROCEDURE EXPECTED RESPONSE
INTRODUCTION
Teacher make rapport with the students
by asking questions related contextual
situation.
Teacher ask following question,
o Have you had your breakfast?
o Why we eat food?
o How we get energy directly from food?
o Where absorption takes place?
o Who carry food to various parts of our
body?
o How do particles reach each cell?
ACTIVITY-1
[Creating problematic situation]
Teacher shows the chart of digestive system
and ask students to locate small intestine.
Pupil interacts with the
teacher
Pupil give their answers
Yes
To get energy
Through absorption
Intestine
Blood
Tissue fluid
Students observe the
chart and locate the
small intestine.

4. DISCUSSION POINTS
The small intestine is seen as
many folds, twisted & coiled
within the abdominal cavity.
Food particles move slowly
through the small intestine.
ACTIVITY -2
[Presentation]
Teacher divides the students inti groups &
shows the model of a small intestine & ask
students to observe & analyze it & discuss it
in your groups.
DISCUSSION POINTS
The inner surface of the small
intestine is modified into many
folding. Within the infoldings finger
shaped villi are seen. The nutrients
are absorbed through these villi.
Infoldings and villi increase surface
area for absorption.
ACTIVITY-3
Teacher shows the chart chart of the
structure of villus and ask students to locate
& read the labeled parts.
Students observe the
model and discuss in
groups.
Students observe the
chart & locate &labeled
parts of villus.

5. DISCUSSION POITS
The arteriols that spread throughout
the walls of the small intestine enter
villi & further divide into smaller
branches. They join together again to
form small veins.
ACTIVITY-4
Teacher give 3 activity card to the students
&ask them to discuss in groups and give
answers.
i. What is network of capillaries?
ii. What is lacteal?
iii. Which fluid absorb glucose and fatty
acid?
DISCUSSION POINTS
The group of small blood vessels that
connects the vein with the areries are
called network of capillaries. A small
branch of the lymph vessel is also seen
in the villus. This is called lacteal.
Glucose & aminoacid are absorbed
into blood & fatty acid & glycerol into
the lymph.
Students discuss in
groups and give their
answers.

6. CHALK BOARD SUMMARY
Digestion- small intestine
Finger like projections – villi
Villi- absorb nutrients
Blood – absorb glucose & aminoacid
Lymph – absorb fatty acid & glycerol
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1) Where absorption of food takes place?
2) What is villi?
3) What is the role of villi in digestion?
FOLLOW UP ACTIVITY
Draw the structure of villus, label its parts & write the function.