Nikon discussed digital video, noting that it allows for editing not possible with analog video. Ben discussed the internet and how it allows on-demand viewing and easier distribution of content. Nikon and Ben both discussed the pros and cons of the internet, including how it enables piracy but also new models of premium content online.

1. Farben Nikon Ahamed &
Benjamin Goldstone
Task 4
Nikon: Digital video - 3D
Ben: High definition - On demand
Nikon & Ben: The internet

2. Digital video
Digital video is the representation of a scene, action or
moving image through encrypted electronic data that
can not be touched in reality and can be edited or
changed through electronic devices; this is the
opposite of analogue video as this instead is still
representation of a moving image, but in the form of
physical media that can be touched, in fact on editing
props such as film reels in order to edit the footage
taken, actual manual work is needed on the tape. The
first year in which companies started filming in digital
was 2000, but it wasn't as popular as later on, in fact
in 2012 at least 50% of the films were filmed digitally.

3. Digital video
About analogue filming, specifically on Hollywood the most common formats include:
- 16mm (smallest size used in professional films)
- 32mm (traditional size used for the majority of films)
- VistaVision – VistaVision uses the 35mm film stock but goes sideways to give 65% more space to
each frame.
- 65mm (used mostly by high budgeted companies)
- 70mm (these are usually shot firstly with 65mm then made bigger on 70mm)
Analogue film has a greater resolution than most digital camera images, this is one
of the main reasons why some directors prefer analogue media than digital media
even in nowadays, others even think that digital processes have not "the same
quality" as analogue. Still, another reason is simply not being able to let go. For
many of the older generation of directors, film is just "the way you make movies."
They don't understand or want to understand newer technologies as they feel like
they may lose a part of themselves if they try to use to something modern.

4. Digital video
The most recent films such as “Upstream Color (2013) Dir. Shane Carruth”,
“Transformers: Age of Extinction” and “Dawn of the Planet of the Apes” were
all being filmed digitally, but talking about the old-style filming, examples of
analogue films are the sequel of “The Amazing Spider-Man” which was shot
on celluloid by Dan Mindel as he was a 35mm specialist, “Interstellar” by
Christopher Nolan and “Magic in the Moonlight” who was shot by Darius
Khondji in 35mm.

5. Digital video
Digital video has both pros and cons. Positives of digital video include many things such as easier
publishment on the internet as digital content is ready to be uploaded, easier access for the consumer to
the product if it is digitally released as in today’s society everyone has a device that can let them access
digital content, better and easier marketing for the companies as they can reach out to multiple platforms
too which broadens their target audience, multiple files of a project can be made meaning it is safer on
digital as if work gets “lost”, corrupted or damaged there is always a back up and finally, during the editing
process for digital content it is easier for the editor to go back if a mistake is made as editing programmes
always have a way to go back.
Some of the negatives instead include hacking of your pre-released content meaning all the money spent
on the product can be potentially lost as the hacker can get credits for your product if you, the actual
owner, cannot prove that the product was initially yours which will mean further money to be wasted for
legal issues (lawyer...), viruses on your pc which again can relate to the consequences of hacking as the
owner of the virus can get in to your device. Another negative side of digital are leaks being make for
mistake as in the working environment for big companies there is oftentimes a lot of people, meaning
communication can be an issue and people may not understand fully what their manager wants

6. Digital video
Leading for example to leaks being made for mistake and finally
another negative point would be that if you are doing your project
offline and something happens to the device, you might loose all
the work regardless of how many copies you made digitally (unless
saved online or on multiple devices).
Considering pros and cons, In my opinion using digital ways of
filming rather than analogue is much better for a number of
reasons, but especially because society nowadays is moving
towards a more advanced society and due to the fact that the
technology now can offer a huge range of facilities that will make
the work easier for the editors and crew compared to analogue
media which involves a lot of manual work which may even take
longer, going digital is the best choice.

7. 3D
3D means three-dimensional and when it is applied in the media context it refers to the dimensions in
which you see the digital product which will involve the three dimensions making it look more real and
touchable (even though it’s not). The three dimensions include height, width and depth being the third one
for 3D images/videos, the first two listed are for 2D products which are the ones we've been always
consuming normally until 3D came out which included the depth giving it a more realistic effect as said
before. The realistic effect comes in because our physical environment is three-dimensional and we move
around in 3D every day.
Now, in 2017 3D is no more a common element in the tv and media world as companies have stopped
publishing 3D content due to the consumers not liking it anymore as the technology around it has not
developed enough, the consequences of watching 3D Tv for tot. amount of time are negative as people
seemed to have experienced eye strain, headaches and even migraines. The sudden stop of 3D content
being released not only relates to the audience not feeling well after watching 3D products or to them
annoyed of the fact that they have to wear 3D glasses to watch what they want to, but also because for
companies, in order to make their digital content 3D, they need to have special cameras as well as special
editing suites.

8. 3D
Though 3D is no more used in the media industry, the most popular 3D content were Sports programmes
and Documentaries, an example of a documentary would be “Sky 3D Flying Monsters” whereas for sport,
an example would be the first 3D match that was broadcasted on 2010 “Manchester United vs Chelsea”
and as said before, they’ve stopped producing 3D content, in fact on the Sky website they’ve wrote:
“There are currently no upcoming soccer listings scheduled on Sky Sports 3D.” emphasising even more
the fact that this type of digital content lost its success.
Although 3D lost its success, this technology was able to boost up another type of technology which
nowadays is still in development but is becoming more and more popular, this is the Virtual Reality (VR)
where people get totally immersed in the product they are consuming through a “Oculus”. This type of
technology born from 3D and the main differences between this and 3D are that this does not show less
quality images, it does not cause eyesight problems or headaches, it is way more interacting and catchy
than 3D and can make people’ s feelings to show up more meaning at the end that consumers get a better
experience.

9. 3D
3D has its own advantages and disadvantages too, firstly
it gives the audience a different experience as it brings
them closer to the characters and the actual film as they
can immerse themselves in the story in a better war,
secondly it gives companies extra revenue as tickets or
general 3D products are more expensive, thirdly the
expectations and experience of the viewers are higher
creating more hype among the audience. In addition to
that, 3D adverts were made in that period and they
looked more attractive and professional making the goal
of the adverts reach more easily, finally, customers felt
more unique and special when they were watching 3D
programmes giving companies better reputation and
more clients to serve.

10. 3D
Disadvantages instead include many other things, some of there are for example the fact that 3D is an
expensive technology and not everyone can afford to, not only for the TV themselves which are
expensive, but also for the 3D glasses which can not be used on different TV brands (E.G. sony 3D
glasses can not be used on LG Tvs). Beside TV and glasses, all other products or services that are based
on 3D are more expensive than normal meaning they’ll get less sales and therefore less success, also 3D
was giving health problems to people as it was causing them to suffer eyestrain, nausea, headache and
other symptoms. Finally, another problem of 3D would be the actual glasses that have to be worn if the
consumer wants to see the film which was quite annoying for many customers as sometimes they were
not used to it or they could not wear them as they already had to wear their own glasses meaning the
consumers were unhappy about that which is another reason why 3D lost its success.

11. The internet Nikon
The internet has a wide range of positive and negative elements that counterbalance each other. By
starting with the positives, the internet has a really easy access by everyone, in today’s society as long as
you have an electronic device you can access to it and it is not even that hard to understand the
mechanics of it, secondly, internet allows companies an easier distribution of their products as customers
can buy, order and receive products or even services through the internet. The internet also provides
people with communication as they can text, video call and call other people from across the world which
means that distance does not matter and internet can be used even in the working environment to
communicate and/or pass information from directors to employees for example.

12. The internet Nikon
About pirating and downloading/streaming illegally movies (and others such as songs, music videos,...)
which is a really common action people do, some companies started broadcasting premium programmes
or allowing people to make premium accounts which would let them access to unique content that can not
be consumed otherwise, this to fight pirating of digital products in particular as in order to access the
programme you need to have a premium account meaning that there is no point once accessed the
product by paying, publish it to the public as you’ d feel used. Companies also make it harder to access to
the content by hacking which is another reason why this is a “way” of solving this issue.

13. Ben Goldstone
High definition - on demand

14. The internet Ben
The internet is a global network that allows people to interact with each other in huge variety of ways as
well as share content, by downloading and uploading what they want to, this includes any type of media,
from Tv programmes to music videos or even to just still images or audio tracks; it also gives consumers
an instant access to video content, including Tv programmes and films. In 2007 BBC said that they would
put their channels on BBC iPlayer which really made a difference and they wouldn't lose as much money
as they were because then people can't have online websites to catch up on BBC programmes there was
no need to. From 2007 to now BBC have made so much more money now. Most people start to watch
everything online instead of there tv because it's so easy you can watch new programs or catch up
programmes. BBC iPlayer means that you have a week to watch the programme you missed that is a
BBC programme. Lately technology is becoming so big that online streaming and apps are starting to take
over the tv industry.

15. The internet Ben
Netflix has became such a massive impact on viewers it’s not that expensive a
month to watch unlimited films that have literally every programme or film in
recent years. It's a very clever way to make massive money the revenues for Netflix
and HBO were $5.5 billion and $5.4 billion, respectively, for the year ending
December 31, 2014. On a monthly basis, that averages to$458.6 million and $449.8
million for Netflix which is crazy money. Film industry aren't making the money
they should expect because younger people are starting to find films on illegal
streaming websites which people that have made illegal websites are getting
money but the legal apps and services are still making good money but with certain
streaming websites that are beginning to gave HD are starting to make good
money. Younger people are finding illegal streaming websites. Breaking bad, prison
break, game of thrones and 13 reason why have been really popular which are
shown on netflix, netflix always get updated with new programs and films every
day.

16. High definition
High-definition television is a television system providing an image resolution that is of substantially higher
resolution than that of standard-definition television High definition has made such a difference on viewers
because it changed the way of people watching tv now. In the last few years it's been making such difference
and people were starting to buy HD as it's so much better to see it. High defintion has made such an impact
and great money and it's very popular now. The film industry really became bigger with HD because the
quality of the film is so much better that more people but it. The same with video games people look to buy
games with great quality so it's clear for viewers. Film companies are making more softwares that are made
to the next level with lots of money spent on it to make sure it’s what the people are going to buy. Film
producers and companies decide weather its a good idea to spend so much money on more softwares and
equipment, but they need to plan it properly so the don't lose money. It's been 80 years since first public
demonstration of television took place Since that time television has advanced from blurry black and white
pictures to stunning high-definition images with life-like depth and realism.

17. High definition
Not all of the tv boxes provide HD so it's not easy to just go and buy a new tv and expect to have HD it's a lot of
money to buy it it would mean you have to buy a specific box and a specific brand. Only the last few years
when people buy a new TV they already have HD but it also depends on the box you're with. There are
specific channels that change from normal quality to HD. another way to watch HD quality is to watch it on a
blu-ray disc they are made to have the quality better. Blu-ray disc players let viewers watch films with a
clearer view. In the cinema it's very clear and it has surround sound but with a blu-ray disc it makes things
more like a real life experience. An amazing difference that it makes would be when writing is show in a film
it can be smaller because if it's clear then people can still see it. HD has made really good money, even those
who have recently bought an HD-ready television with a built in Freeview decoder face paying at least £170
to upgrade.

18. High definition disadvantages / advantages
There are lots of producers that are still focusing on new technology as there's so much every few years such
as Netflix it's a massive company to keep up with. Camera mans and film producers are using it in there
movies. High definition has some disadvantages, firstly it’s not cheap to buy it's up to £200 to have HD on
your tv. Another disadvantage is that some tv’s don’t automatically have HD which means that people have to
go out and buy an extra cable that gives HD. some TV’s have more pixels which means it will be extra money
for people. High definition has some advantages because it's easier for people to see the tv and it makes
people watch it in such a real life powerful effect which everyone will want but it's not cheap. If you have a TV
that automatically includes it then it's better for you as you don't need to pay extra money. HD makes the
screen more brighter, clearer, and you can get surround sound which would make it feel like you're in a
cinema it would feel a lot more like you're focused on the tv. The advantages are a great reason why people
buy HD. In a film if the image or the writing is detailed they can make it less detailed as it will be clear to see
the image of what's happening. HD is a very big thing that was introduced and has made lots of money but
also because it helps people see it so much clearer and stronger.

19. On Demand
Demand allows someone to select from multiple options. You don't have to stay
with one option you can go from one to the other. Some people have two or more
programmes that are on at the same time which means they can watch it on
demand as it's like catch up TV, or if people are busy and forget to record it it will
always be on demand. Piracy has been a massive problem for the film industry
because in the last few years films are being showed on online streaming
websites which means money is lost because us people who aren't interested in
buying films or going to watch them. Legal demand services include BBC
programmes such as BBC one up to four, BBC news and Netflix. It specializes in
and provides streaming media and video on demand online and DVD by mail. In
2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production, as well as online
distribution. Netflix is a great and easy way to watch films or series. You have to
pay a certain amount a month but it can be used on any device and you can
download films so you can watch it when you go out without Wi-Fi it's a great
way to catch up with programs and it's a really huge company.

20. On demand
To have Demand it depends on what television you're provided with. On demand is
the brand-name of a range of services from Sky designed to compete with video on
demand services currently offered by rival companies such as Virgin TV or BT
Vision as well as internet television services such as Love Film and Netflix. On
Demand has been available in various forms including a PC version using a peer-to-
peer platform over broadband Internet connection. As years go on less people
watch catch up TV on demand as they can watch it on online streaming websites.
Some online websites show new films that have only been out for a small amount of
time. Which then means that the movie industry lose money. There are so many
devices people can access films or TV from such as computer, phone and tablet. In
years to come everything will be so different and the movie industry will need to
step there game up otherwise they will lose lots of money. Everyone starts to watch
there catch up TV on demand but usually you see people on there phones watching
things. Most people that travel to work by train catch up on late night series.

21. On demand
Sky and Virgin compete as they are both huge companies they both have many
ways to access on demand but i feel it's easy to access it on the television as its
easier to control. Both sky and virgin have many channels on demand that
people can access such as ITV all of the ITV programs that have been in the last
few days/weeks are played on demand and this gives the chance for people to
watch it for free. Another channel is the BBC section which shows all programs
from BBC1-BBC4 which is helpful for people especially if you don't have a tv and
you want to watch it on your phone when people get home. On ITV2 american
dad and family guy is on which people can also access because people can access
the whole BBC section and the whole ITV section. There are many other ways to
watch to watch programmes, there are apps such as sky go, ITV, BBC iplayer
with people can view what they have missed.

22. On demand
Sky and virgin have packages where
people can watch movies but it
depends on what package you have.
Some packages don't let you access on
demand which means that customers
will have to buy a package that lets
you access on demand otherwise it
won’t let you watch on demand. The
package are different prices it depends
how many months you want it for or
what films. Some films that are new
and have just come out have to be
bought individually or rented which is
usually between £10-£15.
Usually you would have to
download the film which would
take about ten minutes then
you are free to watch it. If you
rent the film it would usually be
rented for a week. The sky store
can be accessed from the tv to
buy and then download. The
movie would go on to the
recordings until you delete it
but you can always reinstall it.

23. bibliography
https://www.itv.com/hub/american-dad/2a4263a0144
https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=netflix+and+how+it+was+made&source=lnms
&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjdycfAu4PVAhUsJsAKHTumCp4Q_AUIBSgA&biw=1257&
bih=871&dpr=1#q=sky+and+virgin+compete
https://recombu.com/digital/article/what-is-hd-the-difference-720p-1080i-and-
1080p_M10888.html