The document analyzes six music videos using Goodwin's theory of six elements: illustration, amplifying, contradicting, iconography, voyeurism, and intertextuality. For each element, a different music video is discussed and analyzed in terms of how it uses that element. The summaries provide the music video analyzed and a brief description of how it fits the given element. For example, for illustration the video analyzed is "Riptide" by Vance Joy, which directly depicts the lyrics through short clips.

1. Music videos – Goodwin's theory
Complete the analysis of six different music videos that use these six
elements of Goodwin's theory.

2. Illustration
Vance Joy - Riptide
 For illustration I found a video by Vance joy called
Riptide. The video perfectly matches the lyrics as the
video consists of short clips that straightforwardly
depict what is happening which links to the lyrics
(some of which are repetitive, but the clip changes).
The video helps sell the song as it is making clear
sense of the lyrics that are accompanying it, while also
showing the unique stand point that the artist has had
on his song by not following normal conventions of his
genre which would be to create a story. In this
instance it is slightly different as the actual lyrics are
more abstract than a normal music video story, which
may be another reason for a direct link to the clips so
there isn't a confusion with that the video is about
other than what they want it to be.
 Because of this straightforward approach there isn't as
much focus on thematic content, but the video does
cleverly use the short clips to give the impression of it,
with using the same actors for some of the shots.

3. Amplifying
Nothing but Thieves – Graveyard Whistling
 For the category of amplifying I have picked the song
Graveyard whistling by Nothing but Thieves. The video
connects to the lyrics as they are both about the beliefs and
myths of the afterlife, and the pain that comes with it, while the
story amplifies this as we are able to connect this the scene
where the father in the video has been hit by a car, but the
audience doesn't’t find out it was fatal till the end.
 When looking at the lyrics, if you look at key words such as
afterlife, gods, myths, ghosts, believe, graveyard, disappear,
and cloud, all these words can apply to the sematic field of the
afterlife or dyeing. This use of complementary words gives the
audience a more in depth view of the meaning and a
compulsion to follow the story going on in the video. These
words would have also implied the ending of the video before it
even happened, and would have also made sense of the
imagery in the video, with the symbolism of the rope, as it
indicates that someone is or will die in the video.
 The video is being sold to the audience because it features the
band themselves and a story line. This shows that the band
care how their music is interpreted and that they want to
feature certain themes, other than just using a performance
video for the official video.

4. Contradicting
Seafret – Atlantis
 For the contradicting aspect of Goodwin’s theory I picked the
video Atlantis by Seafret. The video basically shows a young
boy dying in him fathers arms at the start of the video in
presumably a war zone. He wakes up in the arms of a fluffy
white creature that looks after him, while his dad is still
carrying him in ‘real life' which is shown in contrast with the
two different locations used, one being a warzone the other
being tranquil fields and lakes. This can either be seen as
what the boy is imagining in his head or what his ‘heaven’ is
like as he is seen to be dying, which also makes more scene
for there to be a creature in the video as it infers to us that it
isn't real.
 The lyrics tell a different story as it sounds more like a love
song to an ex. This is because unlike the video, the lyrics
refer to another person as ‘she’ where in the video it’s a
father and son and a creature.
 The video sells the song and the band as it shows their
creativity that they want to express, while also implying that
the song can be interpreted however you want, as like the
band have done in the video themselves, they have diverted
away from what you would have expected.

5. Iconography
My Chemical Romance – “Na Na Na”
 For the iconography section of Goodwin’s theory, I have picked
My Chemical Romances music video to ‘Na Na Na’. I have
chosen this video as the video and the lyrics that accompany it
show and talk about rebellion, a common feature of rock music
as it isn't seen as the norm, while the video shows the band
members fighting back against the head of a company called
better living industry’s.
 Another thing that the video shows is the band members. They
follow stereotypes of the rock genre as they are seen to have
wild hair, exciting loud and expressive music and links to death
(which is usually a common theme in the lyrics more than the
band themselves) like in the first screen shot at the top of the
slide which shows a magazine with the word murder plastered
on the top of it.
 As rock is seen as the stereotypical rebellious music genre
compared to others like pop, the video showing the leaders of
the band actively rebelling in a fictional world they have created
shows the audience how they understand that they embrace this
common stereotype of rebellion but also sells the song (and
themselves) as they are following common opinions of their
music knowingly and understand that people will get what they
are expecting as well as making something entertaining for the
audience.

6. Voyeurism
Panic! at the Disco – Girls/Girls/Boys
 When looking at suitable videos for voyeurism I
found a video by Panic! At the Disco called
Gils/Girls/Boys. The video is centered around the
lead singer, Brendon Urie, where the video is
solely him with a back background, singing to his
bands song. The video is also an almost exact
replica of D’Angelo’s ‘untitled (how does it feel?)’,
where the band was inspired from to create the
video produced for this song. Uncommonly for
voyeuristic videos the video is featuring a male
lead in the video where the camera lingers only
on him, so much so that it has to be voyeuristic.
This sells the video as not only will people want to
watch for the star appeal but they will also watch
as it is paying homage to another famous music
video, while also taking a different approach to a
music video concept.

7. Intertextuality
Munford and sons - Hopeless wonderer
 For the intertextuality section of Goodwin’s theory, I chose
Munford and sons music video, hopeless wonderer. This
video is a parody of the band as they use comic actors,
Jason Bateman, Jason Sudeikis, Ed Helms, and Will Forte,
to mimic the band in their preexisting roles. The meaning
behind this was so the band could break the class difference
between themselves and the audience, by using American
actors, as their class doesn't’t effect the band in America,
while also creating an entertaining selling point.
 The video uses cinematography and quick editing to build up
the video of seeing the band, only to reveal the four actors in
the bands place. This attracts the audience to watch on and
see the amplified aspects of their videos, such as the lights
and instruments, which all get broken by the end of it all.
Additionally the madness and chaos in the video matches the
pace of the music, hence breaking the instruments around
them, which is making fun of the pace and the genre of folk
music. The use of the actors also sells the music video as
they have star appeal, which gained headlines and press
exposure, which sells the song to the audience as it
entertains them in a comedic way.

8. Star Persona
Twenty One Pilots – Stressed out
 For star persona I picked the video stressed out by twenty one
pilots, as this is their most recognisable song with over one billion
views. The two piece have gained huge popularity from this one
song with other songs now gaining millions of views too. The
reason I picked the video though, is because it’s the one that
shows the bands image the best. The lead singer, Tyler Joseph,
paints his hands and neck in black paint (which they have said
represents the suffocating feeling of insecurity) and notably
wears a red beanie in a lot of the bands videos. This image they
have gained has caused others to wear the same type of clothes
caused by their influence, as well as other items like white
sunglasses, which added to their persona as they grew. This type
of association sells the band and their song(s) as it creates a
world the fans are expecting and want, while also being unique to
them.
 Their fan base has also gained the name of the ‘skeleton clique’.
This is because the band started off having a very small and
niche audience, which grew with their success, so gained the
name clique as it was a very close knit group of fans. It soon
became the Skeleton clique as another item of clothing they are
known for is a pair of black hoodies that show the body of a
skeleton which was incorporated into their shows. This is another
example of their star influence and persona as it is almost like
their gimmick for the fans at shows and in some videos, which is
why their fan base is called what it is.