This document discusses short stature or short height. It defines short stature as a height below the 3rd percentile for age. It notes that short stature has a frequency of 5% for malformations and 1% of perinatal deaths. The causes of short stature discussed include constitutional, familial, endocrinopathies, chromosomal abnormalities, and diseases affecting organs like the heart, lungs, kidneys or gastrointestinal system. Evaluations for short stature include laboratory tests, imaging, and assessing bone age. Genetic assessment is also recommended to determine risk of recurrence. Specific conditions like achondroplasia and SHOX gene deficiency are mentioned.