this PPT will guide to learn the history of Afghanistan and so many period which had come in Afghanistan which have changed Afghanistan till this situation that now a days we can see.
So please like and comment that it will help us to provide better that this in future. thanks
Historians have found early human settlement.
One of the first areas to have farming.
This area was a crossroad between Mesopotamia and other civilizations.
Aryan tribes invade and settle.
The city of Kabul was created in this period.
Rig Veda created here. It was a collection of over 1,000 hymns, which contain the mythology of the Hindu gods and the origins of Hinduism.
Kashmir is India’s only Muslim majority territory
India accuses Pakistan of waging a proxy war by arming militants
Jammu’s population is 2/3 Hindu
Kashmiris never voted; extremists/separatists were born
Why did the U.S. adopt Pakistan as its ally?
Chandigarh is a city and a union territory in the northern part of India that serves as the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana. As a union territory, the city is ruled directly by the Union Government and is not part of either state. Chandigarh and adjoining cities of Mohali (Punjab) and Panchkula (Haryana) are together called Chandigarh Tricity.
The city of Chandigarh was one of the early planned cities in the post-independence India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design.[7] The master plan of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier, transformed from earlier plans created by the Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and the American planner Albert Mayer. Most of the government buildings and housing in the city, however, were designed by the Chandigarh Capital Project Team headed by Pierre Jeanneret, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry. In 2015, an article published by BBC named Chandigarh as one of the perfect cities of the world in terms of architecture, cultural growth and modernisation.[8][9]
The city experiences extreme climate and uneven distribution of rainfall. The roads in Chandigarh are surrounded by trees and it has the third highest forest cover in India at 8.51% following Lakshadweep and Goa.[10][11]
The city tops the list of Indian States and Union Territories by per capita income in the country.[12] The city was reported to be the cleanest in India in 2010, based on a national government study.[13][14] In 2016, Chandigarh was declared as the second cleanest city of India under Swachh Bharat Survekshan.[15] The union territory also heads the list of Indian states and territories according to Human Development Index.[16] In 2015, a survey by LG Electronics, ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in India over the happiness index.[17][18] The metropolitan of Chandigarh-Mohali-Panchkula collectively forms a Tri-city, with a combined population of over 2 million.[19] This is the first smoke-free city in India.[20]
Chandigarh has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. However, it was not selected in the list of first 20 smart cities of India.
When you remember me, it means that you have carried something of who I am with you, that I have left some mark of who I am on who you are. It means that you can summon me back to your memory even though countless years and miles may stand between us. It means that if we meet again, you will know me. It means that even after I die, you can still see my face and remember my voice and speak to me in your heart, for as long as you remember me, I am never entirely lost. if you forget me, part of who I am will be gone from your memory.
this PPT will guide to learn the history of Afghanistan and so many period which had come in Afghanistan which have changed Afghanistan till this situation that now a days we can see.
So please like and comment that it will help us to provide better that this in future. thanks
Historians have found early human settlement.
One of the first areas to have farming.
This area was a crossroad between Mesopotamia and other civilizations.
Aryan tribes invade and settle.
The city of Kabul was created in this period.
Rig Veda created here. It was a collection of over 1,000 hymns, which contain the mythology of the Hindu gods and the origins of Hinduism.
Kashmir is India’s only Muslim majority territory
India accuses Pakistan of waging a proxy war by arming militants
Jammu’s population is 2/3 Hindu
Kashmiris never voted; extremists/separatists were born
Why did the U.S. adopt Pakistan as its ally?
Chandigarh is a city and a union territory in the northern part of India that serves as the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana. As a union territory, the city is ruled directly by the Union Government and is not part of either state. Chandigarh and adjoining cities of Mohali (Punjab) and Panchkula (Haryana) are together called Chandigarh Tricity.
The city of Chandigarh was one of the early planned cities in the post-independence India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design.[7] The master plan of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier, transformed from earlier plans created by the Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and the American planner Albert Mayer. Most of the government buildings and housing in the city, however, were designed by the Chandigarh Capital Project Team headed by Pierre Jeanneret, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry. In 2015, an article published by BBC named Chandigarh as one of the perfect cities of the world in terms of architecture, cultural growth and modernisation.[8][9]
The city experiences extreme climate and uneven distribution of rainfall. The roads in Chandigarh are surrounded by trees and it has the third highest forest cover in India at 8.51% following Lakshadweep and Goa.[10][11]
The city tops the list of Indian States and Union Territories by per capita income in the country.[12] The city was reported to be the cleanest in India in 2010, based on a national government study.[13][14] In 2016, Chandigarh was declared as the second cleanest city of India under Swachh Bharat Survekshan.[15] The union territory also heads the list of Indian states and territories according to Human Development Index.[16] In 2015, a survey by LG Electronics, ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in India over the happiness index.[17][18] The metropolitan of Chandigarh-Mohali-Panchkula collectively forms a Tri-city, with a combined population of over 2 million.[19] This is the first smoke-free city in India.[20]
Chandigarh has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. However, it was not selected in the list of first 20 smart cities of India.
When you remember me, it means that you have carried something of who I am with you, that I have left some mark of who I am on who you are. It means that you can summon me back to your memory even though countless years and miles may stand between us. It means that if we meet again, you will know me. It means that even after I die, you can still see my face and remember my voice and speak to me in your heart, for as long as you remember me, I am never entirely lost. if you forget me, part of who I am will be gone from your memory.
Tipus obsession with insignificant places while ignoring larger operational a...Agha A
July 1977
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33722.29125
Project: Military History
Agha H AminAgha H Amin
Tipus obsession with insignificant places while ignoring larger operational and strategic matters wazeer qamar ud din khan should have been tasked to raid baramahal rather than backwaters like coimbatoor
This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful This is so much helpful
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
1. TALIBA AND ITS EFFECTS ON
INDIA AND PAKISTAN
TALIBAN AND ITS EFFECTS ON
INDIA
2. "When Allah had made the rest of the world, He saw there was a"When Allah had made the rest of the world, He saw there was a
lot of rubbish left over, bits and pieces and things that did not fitlot of rubbish left over, bits and pieces and things that did not fit
anywhere else. He collected them all together and threw themanywhere else. He collected them all together and threw them
down on the earth. That was Afghanistan.”down on the earth. That was Afghanistan.”
- An old Afghan Saying
3.
4. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
REGION KNOWN AS KHORASAN.REGION KNOWN AS KHORASAN.
MULTI-ETHNIC COMPOSITION.MULTI-ETHNIC COMPOSITION.
31 PROVINCES.31 PROVINCES.
ETHNIC GROUPETHNIC GROUP PASHTUNS.PASHTUNS.
SUNNI ISLAM DOMINANT FAITH.SUNNI ISLAM DOMINANT FAITH.
SHIA MINORITIES.SHIA MINORITIES.
> HAZARAS> HAZARAS
> ISMAILIES> ISMAILIES
5. AIMAIM
TO AQUAINT YOU WITH TALIBAN ANDTO AQUAINT YOU WITH TALIBAN AND
ITS EFFECT ON INDIAITS EFFECT ON INDIA
6. PREVIEWPREVIEW
PART I BRIEF HISTORYPART I BRIEF HISTORY
PART II MODUS OPERANDIPART II MODUS OPERANDI
PART III PAK FACTORPART III PAK FACTOR
PART IV EFFECT ON INDIAPART IV EFFECT ON INDIA
8. BRIEF HISTORYBRIEF HISTORY
KUSHAN EMPIRE- SECOND CENTURY A.D.KUSHAN EMPIRE- SECOND CENTURY A.D.
HUEN TSANG’S ACCOUNT, HINDUHUEN TSANG’S ACCOUNT, HINDU
KINGDOM IN KABUL, GHAZNI ANDKINGDOM IN KABUL, GHAZNI AND
GARDEZ.GARDEZ.
ADVENT OF ISLAM:ADVENT OF ISLAM:
> ARAB ARMIES CAME FROM EAST.> ARAB ARMIES CAME FROM EAST.
> SULTAN MOHD OF GHAZNI (998-1030).> SULTAN MOHD OF GHAZNI (998-1030).
> 1504- BABUR CAPTURED KABUL.> 1504- BABUR CAPTURED KABUL.
9. BRIEF HISTORYBRIEF HISTORY
EMERGENCE OF NATIONEMERGENCE OF NATION::
> LONG TRIBAL DISPUTES.> LONG TRIBAL DISPUTES.
>> PASHTUN – GHILZAI, ABDALI.PASHTUN – GHILZAI, ABDALI.
> 1730 – AHMAD SHAH ABDALI, BECAME> 1730 – AHMAD SHAH ABDALI, BECAME
EMPEROR.EMPEROR.
>> GREAT GAME BEGAN AFTER HIS DEATH.GREAT GAME BEGAN AFTER HIS DEATH.
> BRITISH AND SOVIET INVASION.> BRITISH AND SOVIET INVASION.
>> 1887 DEMARCATION OF BOUNDARIES.1887 DEMARCATION OF BOUNDARIES.
> 1960- POL GPS FORMED. PDPA, PARCHAM.> 1960- POL GPS FORMED. PDPA, PARCHAM.
>> 17 JULY 1973, MOHD DAOUD OVERTHREW17 JULY 1973, MOHD DAOUD OVERTHREW
MONARCHY.MONARCHY.
> DECL NEW REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN.> DECL NEW REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN.
11. BRIEF HISTORYBRIEF HISTORY
SOVIET INVASION:SOVIET INVASION:
> COLD WAR IMPACT ON SIT.> COLD WAR IMPACT ON SIT.
>> USA WANTED TO GIVE SOVIETS A TASTE OFUSA WANTED TO GIVE SOVIETS A TASTE OF
THEIR OWN MED, A LA VIETNAM.THEIR OWN MED, A LA VIETNAM.
> 1979 HAFIZULLAH AMIN KILLED THE> 1979 HAFIZULLAH AMIN KILLED THE
PRESIDENT.PRESIDENT.
>> DEC 1979, SOVIETS ENTERED AFGHANISTAN.DEC 1979, SOVIETS ENTERED AFGHANISTAN.
> BARAK KARMAL INSTALLED PRESIDENT.> BARAK KARMAL INSTALLED PRESIDENT.
>> 1989- SOVIET TPS WITHDREW .1989- SOVIET TPS WITHDREW .
> NAJIBULLAH BECAME PRESIDENT.> NAJIBULLAH BECAME PRESIDENT.
>> ARRIVAL OF TALIBAN.ARRIVAL OF TALIBAN.
15. RISE OF TALIBANRISE OF TALIBAN
CIVIL WAR, AFTER SOVIET WITHDREW.CIVIL WAR, AFTER SOVIET WITHDREW.
NAJIBULLAH GOVT COLLAPSED-1992.NAJIBULLAH GOVT COLLAPSED-1992.
GULBUDDIN HEKMATAYR LAUNCHES OFFENSIVE ONGULBUDDIN HEKMATAYR LAUNCHES OFFENSIVE ON
KABUL WITH US SUPPORT.KABUL WITH US SUPPORT.
LITTLE CONTROL OF GOVT OUTSIDE KABUL.LITTLE CONTROL OF GOVT OUTSIDE KABUL.
APPEARANCE OF TALIBAN.APPEARANCE OF TALIBAN.
PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE COMPETING FOREIGN MUSLIMPRESENCE OF MULTIPLE COMPETING FOREIGN MUSLIM
SPONSORS.SPONSORS.
ARMS AND MONEY PUMPED BY US FOR JIHAD.ARMS AND MONEY PUMPED BY US FOR JIHAD.
20. MODUS OPERANDIMODUS OPERANDI
AS THE DIGNITY AND THE HONOUR OF A MUSLIMAS THE DIGNITY AND THE HONOUR OF A MUSLIM
WOMAN IS ENSURED BY OBSERVING HEJAB ASWOMAN IS ENSURED BY OBSERVING HEJAB AS
REQUESTED BY THE SHARI’A.REQUESTED BY THE SHARI’A.
ALL HONOURABLE SISTERS ARE STRONGLYALL HONOURABLE SISTERS ARE STRONGLY
ASKED TO COMPLETELY OBSERVE HEJAB ASASKED TO COMPLETELY OBSERVE HEJAB AS
RECOMMENDED BYRECOMMENDED BY SHARI’A.SHARI’A.
THIS CAN BE ACHIEVED ONLY IF OUR DEARTHIS CAN BE ACHIEVED ONLY IF OUR DEAR
SISTERS WEAR BURQUAS, BECAUSE FULL HEJABSISTERS WEAR BURQUAS, BECAUSE FULL HEJAB
CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY ONLY WEARING OF THECANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY ONLY WEARING OF THE
CHADAR. IN CASE OF VIOLATIONS NO ONE WILLCHADAR. IN CASE OF VIOLATIONS NO ONE WILL
HAVE THE RIGHT TO COMPLAIN.HAVE THE RIGHT TO COMPLAIN.
23. MODUS OPERANDIMODUS OPERANDI
SINCE THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD DID NOTSINCE THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD DID NOT
TRIM HIS BEARD ALL; HIS LIFE.TRIM HIS BEARD ALL; HIS LIFE.
ALL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES ARE HEREBYALL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES ARE HEREBY
INFORMED THAT THEY SHOULD GROW THEIRINFORMED THAT THEY SHOULD GROW THEIR
BEARDS WITHIN A MONTH AND A HALFBEARDS WITHIN A MONTH AND A HALF..
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NOBLE HADITH OFIN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NOBLE HADITH OF
THE PROPHET, IN ORDER TO BE REARDED ASTHE PROPHET, IN ORDER TO BE REARDED AS
A TRUE MUSLIM.A TRUE MUSLIM.
27. PAKISTAN FACTORPAKISTAN FACTOR
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.
PAK OBSSESSION TO CONTROLPAK OBSSESSION TO CONTROL
AFGHANISTAN.AFGHANISTAN.
DURAND LINE-AFGHAN PARLIAMENTDURAND LINE-AFGHAN PARLIAMENT
SCRAPS IT.SCRAPS IT.
CREATION OF PASHTUNISTAN.CREATION OF PASHTUNISTAN.
PERCIEVED STRATEGIC DEPTH.PERCIEVED STRATEGIC DEPTH.
PAK SUPPORT TO MUJAHIDEEN.PAK SUPPORT TO MUJAHIDEEN.
INDIA CENTRIC POLICIES.INDIA CENTRIC POLICIES.
TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TO CENTRALTRANSPORT CORRIDORS TO CENTRAL
ASIA.ASIA.
30. PAK FACTORPAK FACTOR
WAZRIRISTAN- FATA PROVINCE:WAZRIRISTAN- FATA PROVINCE:
>> ARMY MOVED LARGE CONC OF TPS.ARMY MOVED LARGE CONC OF TPS.
> TRIBAL CLAIM OF WAZIRISTAN.> TRIBAL CLAIM OF WAZIRISTAN.
>> DEATH OF NAWAB AHMAD BUGTI.DEATH OF NAWAB AHMAD BUGTI.
34. PRESENT CRISISPRESENT CRISIS
TALIBAN HAVE BECOME A THREAT FOR THETALIBAN HAVE BECOME A THREAT FOR THE
PAKISTAN ARMY LIKE THE MUKTI BAHINI INPAKISTAN ARMY LIKE THE MUKTI BAHINI IN
THEN EAST PAKISTAN IN 1971.THEN EAST PAKISTAN IN 1971.
RECENT ATTACKS IN LAHORE, RAWALPINDI ANDRECENT ATTACKS IN LAHORE, RAWALPINDI AND
PESHAWAR 170 CASUALTIES.PESHAWAR 170 CASUALTIES.
HUMILIATED THE SECURITY FORCES BYHUMILIATED THE SECURITY FORCES BY
TARGETING KEY GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS.TARGETING KEY GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS.
28,000 GROUND TROOPS BACKED BY SPECIAL28,000 GROUND TROOPS BACKED BY SPECIAL
FORCES, AIRCRAFT AND ARTILLERY FIGHTINGFORCES, AIRCRAFT AND ARTILLERY FIGHTING
AGAINST TALIBAN.AGAINST TALIBAN.
35. TYPES OF THREAT:TYPES OF THREAT:
>> ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM.ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM.
> RADICAL CHECHEN GP.> RADICAL CHECHEN GP.
>> UNITED TAJIK OPPOSITION.UNITED TAJIK OPPOSITION.
> ISALMIC MOV OF UZBEKISTAN.> ISALMIC MOV OF UZBEKISTAN.
>> TALIBAN’S ROLE- CAPTURE OF HAIRATAN-TALIBAN’S ROLE- CAPTURE OF HAIRATAN-
1997.1997.
THREATS TO REGIONTHREATS TO REGION
38. EFFECTS ON INDIAEFFECTS ON INDIA
THREAT FROM TERRORISM.THREAT FROM TERRORISM.
THREAT FROM OTHER QUARTERS.THREAT FROM OTHER QUARTERS.
> INCR FORCE PRESENCE.> INCR FORCE PRESENCE.
> ENERGY ISSUE.> ENERGY ISSUE.
MARITIME INTEREST.MARITIME INTEREST.
41. LIKELY FUTURE SCENARIOLIKELY FUTURE SCENARIO
THREAT FROM FUNDAMENTAL GP.THREAT FROM FUNDAMENTAL GP.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE REGION.IMPLICATIONS FOR THE REGION.
ROLE OF REGIONAL POWERS.ROLE OF REGIONAL POWERS.
IRAN.IRAN.
RUSSIA.RUSSIA.
REGIONAL POLITICS AND THE “NEW GREATREGIONAL POLITICS AND THE “NEW GREAT
GAME”.GAME”.
FUTURE SCENARIO OF PAK ANDFUTURE SCENARIO OF PAK AND
IMPLICATIONS.IMPLICATIONS.
CENTRAL ASIAN STATES.CENTRAL ASIAN STATES.
42. CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
INTL COMMUNITY REALISED THE THREAT.INTL COMMUNITY REALISED THE THREAT.
SP FOR AFGHAN PEOPLE FROM ALL QUARTERS.SP FOR AFGHAN PEOPLE FROM ALL QUARTERS.
FEAR OF TALIBAN REVIVAL AFTER THEFEAR OF TALIBAN REVIVAL AFTER THE
DEPARTURE OF US TPS.DEPARTURE OF US TPS.
PRESENT GOVT FIGHTING HARD TO CONTROLPRESENT GOVT FIGHTING HARD TO CONTROL
THE PROVINCES.THE PROVINCES.
NO BIASED POLICY TOWARDS TERRORISM.NO BIASED POLICY TOWARDS TERRORISM.
RECENT CHANGE OF GUARD IN PAK.RECENT CHANGE OF GUARD IN PAK.
