TABLE 2

Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents (n = 226)

                            No. of Respondent (n)          Percentage (%)
Sex
       Female                        113                         50
       Male                          113                         50
Age
       13   years   old              35                         15.5
       14   years   old              41                         18.1
       15   years   old              50                         22.1
       16   years   old              50                         22.1
       17   years   old              50                         22.1
Form
        1                            42                         18.6
        2                            42                         18.6
        3                            43                         19.0
        4                            48                         21.2
        5                            51                         22.6
Citizenship
        Malaysian                    226                        100
        Others                        -                          -

Religion
        Islam                        178                        78.8
        Buddhist                     26                         11.5
        Hindu                        13                         5.8
        Christian                     9                          4
        Others                        -                          -

Race
       Malay                         175                        77.4
       Chinese                       31                         13.7
       India                         20                         8.8
       Others                         -                          -
Table 3

Reasons for smoking (n = 47)

                                         Number (n)            Percentage (%)


For fun and challenging                      18                     38.3
To look sophisticated                         5                     10.6
To be accepted by peers                      10                     21.3
To maintain ideal body weight                 0                      -
To challenge my parents                       0                      -
Forced by peers                               6                     12.8
Others                                        8                      17




TABLE 4

Number of cigarette taken in one day (n = 47)

                                Number of Current Smoker (n)    Percentage (%)


1 Stick                                      15                       31.9
2 to 3 Sticks                                25                       53.2
4 to 5 Sticks                                7                        14.9
> 6 Sticks                                   0                            -
TABLE 5

Differences in individual factors of respondent between smoker and non-smoker

                          Smoker          Non-smoker
                          (n = 47)         (n = 166)         t      P value
                         Mean ± SD        Mean ± SD


Monthly Pocket Money   RM 78.15 ± 36.40 RM 76.80 ± 48.16   0.179     0.858
Level of Self-Esteem     28.55 ± 4.09     28.72 ± 3.57     -0.268    0.789
Level of Self-Image      19.21 ± 2.64     19.04 ± 2.71     0.397     0.692
Level of Knowledge       10.91 ± 3.18      9.63 ± 4.43     2.220     0.029
TABLE 6

Smoking Status of Family Members (n = 213)

                           Smoker     Non-smoker
                          (n = 47)     (n = 166)     χ2     P value
                         Number (%)   Number (%)
Mother
          Smoker           3 (6.4)       5 (3)
                                                    3.080    0.214
          Ex-smoker        3 (6.4)      4 (2.4)
          Never smoked    41 (87.2)    157 (94.6)

Father
          Smoker          23 (48.9)     88 (53)
                                                    1.038    0.595
          Ex-smoker         8 (17)     19 (11.4)
          Never smoked     16 (34)     59 (35.5)

Sisters
          Smoker              -         1 (6.6)
                                                    0.284    0.594
          Ex-smoker           -              -
          Never smoked     47 (100)    165 (99.4)

Brothers
          Smoker          14 (29.8)    30 (18.1)
                                                    7.602    0.022
          Ex-smoker        4 (8.5)      4 (2.4)
          Never smoked    29 (61.7)    132 (79.5)

Grandfather
          Smoker          21 (44.7)    47 (28.3)
          Ex-smoker        3 (6.4)     17 (10.2)    4.631    0.099
          Never smoked    23 (48.9)    102 (61.4)
Table 2

Table 2

  • 1.
    TABLE 2 Demographic Characteristicsof the Respondents (n = 226) No. of Respondent (n) Percentage (%) Sex Female 113 50 Male 113 50 Age 13 years old 35 15.5 14 years old 41 18.1 15 years old 50 22.1 16 years old 50 22.1 17 years old 50 22.1 Form 1 42 18.6 2 42 18.6 3 43 19.0 4 48 21.2 5 51 22.6 Citizenship Malaysian 226 100 Others - - Religion Islam 178 78.8 Buddhist 26 11.5 Hindu 13 5.8 Christian 9 4 Others - - Race Malay 175 77.4 Chinese 31 13.7 India 20 8.8 Others - -
  • 2.
    Table 3 Reasons forsmoking (n = 47) Number (n) Percentage (%) For fun and challenging 18 38.3 To look sophisticated 5 10.6 To be accepted by peers 10 21.3 To maintain ideal body weight 0 - To challenge my parents 0 - Forced by peers 6 12.8 Others 8 17 TABLE 4 Number of cigarette taken in one day (n = 47) Number of Current Smoker (n) Percentage (%) 1 Stick 15 31.9 2 to 3 Sticks 25 53.2 4 to 5 Sticks 7 14.9 > 6 Sticks 0 -
  • 3.
    TABLE 5 Differences inindividual factors of respondent between smoker and non-smoker Smoker Non-smoker (n = 47) (n = 166) t P value Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Monthly Pocket Money RM 78.15 ± 36.40 RM 76.80 ± 48.16 0.179 0.858 Level of Self-Esteem 28.55 ± 4.09 28.72 ± 3.57 -0.268 0.789 Level of Self-Image 19.21 ± 2.64 19.04 ± 2.71 0.397 0.692 Level of Knowledge 10.91 ± 3.18 9.63 ± 4.43 2.220 0.029
  • 4.
    TABLE 6 Smoking Statusof Family Members (n = 213) Smoker Non-smoker (n = 47) (n = 166) χ2 P value Number (%) Number (%) Mother Smoker 3 (6.4) 5 (3) 3.080 0.214 Ex-smoker 3 (6.4) 4 (2.4) Never smoked 41 (87.2) 157 (94.6) Father Smoker 23 (48.9) 88 (53) 1.038 0.595 Ex-smoker 8 (17) 19 (11.4) Never smoked 16 (34) 59 (35.5) Sisters Smoker - 1 (6.6) 0.284 0.594 Ex-smoker - - Never smoked 47 (100) 165 (99.4) Brothers Smoker 14 (29.8) 30 (18.1) 7.602 0.022 Ex-smoker 4 (8.5) 4 (2.4) Never smoked 29 (61.7) 132 (79.5) Grandfather Smoker 21 (44.7) 47 (28.3) Ex-smoker 3 (6.4) 17 (10.2) 4.631 0.099 Never smoked 23 (48.9) 102 (61.4)