1) In 1994, hundreds of thousands of Tutsi and moderate Hutu people were killed in the Rwandan genocide as the groups were divided by prejudices surrounding their social status and power struggles. 2) In 1991, Rwanda was plagued by discrimination against Tutsis, civil war, and propaganda that fueled further killings. Religious and political leaders failed to prevent escalating tensions. 3) While Singapore has some social divisions, strong policies around equality, infrastructure development, security, and social cohesion have prevented large scale fractures from emerging like those seen in Rwanda in the 1990s. Continued efforts are needed to address new issues and strengthen social ties.

1. IS WISP ASSIGNMENT 2 An Imagined Future: Singapore in 2061 RWANDA! Chee Wei, Kok Weng, Gerard, Wen Yi and Joyce T37

4. RWANDA’S GENOCIDE In 1994, in the wake of the genocide in Rwanda, hundreds of thousands of ethnic Tutsi and moderate Hutu were systematically massacred. Half a million refugees left Rwanda for makeshift camps in Tanzania and former Zaire. The victory of the new Tutsi-dominated RPF government in Rwanda led many Hutus to fear reprisals for their part in the genocide. BACKGROUND

5. Background People[Hutus vs Tutsis] HUTUs TUTSIs Majority Minority Darker-skinned [e.g.2 men in photo] Fairer-skinned [picked by Belgians] Gregoire Kayibanda helped Rwanda get independence from Belgium Collaborators for Belgian Colonists [More powerful] Interhamwe, President Juvenal Habyarimana. RPF ,[political party] Paul Kagame[political leader] Both groups are at war because of power and money.

10. PART A – What was not right with Rwanda in 1991? A Rwandan Red Cross worker carries the bodies of refugees, who have died of cholera, for burial outside the MSF hospital in Kitale camp. As cholera swept through the camp, the epidemic claimed the lives of 2,000 refugees each day. DISEASES WORSEN THEIR ALREADY POOR HEALTH

11. PART A – What was not right with Rwanda in 1991? A Rwandan mother cares for her child on the hardened lava flow outside the cholera hospital in Kitale camp. Aid agencies like Oxfam enabled the provision of clean water and food brought the cholera epidemic under control. POOR LIVING & HYGIENE CONDITIONS = HEALTH ISSUES

12. PART A – What was not right with Rwanda in 1991? Rwandan refugee being treated for a machete wound to his head by a local aid worker in Biaro camp. As refugees returned from the forest, evidence of the massacres which had taken place by the rebel army became clear. A TOUGH LIFE

15. PART B – What about Present Day Singapore? Economic Development Board was set up in 1961 to formulate and implement national economic strategies, focusing on promoting Singapore's manufacturing sector Industrial estates were set up, especially in Jurong, and foreign investment was attracted to the country with tax incentives. GOOD INFRASTRUCTURES =STABLE ECONOMY= EMPLOYMENT= LOW CRIME

16. PART B – What about Present Day Singapore? The Housing Development Board set up before independence continued to be largely successful and huge building projects sprung up to provide affordable public housing to resettle the squatters GOOD LIVING CONDITIONS = BETTER HEALTH

17. PART B – What about Present Day Singapore? In December 2001, a plot to bomb embassies and other infrastructure in Singapore was uncovered and as many as 36 members of the Jemaah Islamiyah group were arrested under the Internal Security Act HIGH SECURITY STANDARDS IN DEFENDING OUR NATION

24. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwandan_Genocide www.exileimages.co.uk/.../Rwanda/Rwanda_02.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Singapore http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_and_Development_Board#History http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/army/ourforces/2PDF.html http://www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_rwanda.html Hotel Rwanda DVD