wind mill

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First Project Review Presentation
Batch No : 3
Section : B
Presented by: Project Guide
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Examining hybrid metal matrix to find mechanical properties

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ABSTRACT
Mullite has high creep resistance,low thermal expansion coefficient and thermal
conductivity. However alumina and zirconia at room temperature limits its applications.The
present research focuses on checking the properties of a hybrid mullite metal matrix which is
the combination of alumina,zirconia and titanium. The steps which will be carried out are
sample preparation and cutting of work piece using water jet machining ( WJM ) process
and then determine material removal rate, change in grain structures and surface roughness
values based on different process parameters like nozzle distance,variable water pressure.
Output of this work would help in the area of Nuclear Reactors,Turbine Blades,Advance
Turbo Engines,etc.and also find out the mechanical properties of material (like
hardness.strength,wear and ductile).

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INTRODUCTION
 The present research focuses on checking the properties of a hybrid metal matrix
which is the combination of alumina,zirconia and titanium as mullite at room temperature limits its
applications adding of titanium remforvement would improve its property.
 The steps which will be carried out are sample preparation using sintering(>1500).
 cutting of work piece using water jet machining ( WJM )processand then determine material removal
rate, grain dislocation, and surface roughness values based on different process parameter like nozzle
distance,forward speed,water pressure.
 Photoresist polymers and metals are usually used as mask materials to define feature edges. WJM has
been used to fabricate several devices.
 Mullite(Alumina and zirconia) has high creep resistance,low thermal expansion coefficientand thermal
conductivity.
 Output of this work would help in the area of Nuclear Reactors,Turbine Blades,Advance
Turbo Engines,etc.

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Particles Name: Zirconia Microparticles
Specifications:
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE MATERIAL
Molecular Weight 123.218 g/mol
Melting point 27150C
Boiling point 50000C
Density 5.68 g/cm3

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Particles Name: Alumina Microparticles
Specifications:
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE MATERIAL
Molecular Weight 101.96 g/mol
Melting point 20720C
Boiling point 29770C
Density 3.9g/cm3

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INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE MATERIAL
Particles Name: Titanium Metal Microparticles
Specifications:
Molecular weight 47.867 g/mol
Melting point 16680C
Boiling point 32870C

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Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by pressure or
heat without melting it to the point of liquefaction.Sintering happens as part of a manufacturing process
used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. The atoms in the materials diffuse across the
boundaries of the particles, fusing the particles together and creating one solid piece. Because the
sintering temperature does not have to reach the melting point of the material, sintering is often chosen
as the shaping process for materials with extremely high melting points such as tungsten and
molybdenum. The study of sintering in metallurgical powder-related processes is known as powder
metallurgy.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT SINTERING

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IMPORTANT LITERATURES CONTRIBUTING TO THIS STUDY
AUTHOR TITLE PUBLICATION OBSERVATIONS
F. Sahnoune,
Nouari Saheb&
P. Goeuriot
Properties of
Mullite-Zirconia
Composites
Prepared through
Reaction
Sintering Kaolin,
α-
Al₂O
₃, and
ZrO<sub>2</sub
dvanced Materials
Research Vols. 160-
162 (2011) pp 1772-
1778Online available
since 2010/Nov/11 at
www.scientific.net©
(2011) Trans Tech
Publications,
Switzerlanddoi:10.40
28/www.scientific.net
/AMR.160-162.177
In this work, mullite–zirconia
composites were synthesized
through reaction sintering Algerian
kaolin, α-Al2O3, and ZrO2. The
microstructure of samples sintered
for 2 hours at 1600°C was
composed of mullite grains and ZrO2
particles,the ratio of tetragonal
zirconia transformed to monoclinic
zirconia was relatively small and did
not exceed 18%.

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IMPORTANT LITERATURES CONTRIBUTING TO THIS STUDY
AUTHOR TITLE PUBLICATION OBSERVATIONS
Kunkun Cui 1,
Yingyi Zhang
1,2,*, Tao Fu 1,
JieWang 1 and
Xu Zhang 1
Toughening
Mechanism of
Mullite Matrix
Composites: A
Review
Engineered Science
Publisher remains
neutral with regard
to jurisdictional
claims in published
maps and
institutional
affiliations.
The strength of mullite composites
reinforced by discontinuous ZrO2
or SiC particles or whiskers
has been significantly improved,
but the toughness has not been
significantly improved. Therefore,
the preparation processes of various
reinforcement methods need to be
studied and improved,
such as improving the dispersibility
of reinforcements and their bonding
ability with matrix,
controlling the coarsening of nano-
phases, etc.

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IMPORTANT LITERATURES CONTRIBUTING TO THIS STUDY
AUTHOR TITLE PUBLICATION OBSERVATIONS
Romit Roy,
Dipankar Das*
and Prasanta
Kumar Rout
A Review of
Advanced Mullite
Ceramics
Engineered Science
Publisher remains
neutral with regard
to jurisdictional
claims in published
maps and
institutional
affiliations.
This review paper describes
mullite crystal structure, essential
properties and describes all
possible synthesis methods,
mullite synthesis challenges, etc.
The primary motivation for
researchers has to utilize waste
materials to fabricate mullite-
based ceramicsIt can be an
excellent effort to minimize
ecological problems, reduce the
volume of waste materials and
most importantly, cut down the
overall cost of the product.

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According to the previous works that we verified, the composite of alumina and
zirconia obtained has limited applications as it can not withstand high temperatures.
Same with titanium it can resist high temperatures but does not have strength.
Improving the quality of these products individually is very diffecult so the solution is
combining these would improve its properties.
This combinations requires proper compostion perrcentages.
PROBLEM STATEMENT

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The main object is to obtain a better metal composite material which can be used for
high temperature applications.
Determining of the composition of the material.
Determining the temperature for obtained composition for sintering.
To determine the mechanical properties of the material like(strength,hardness,wear
and fatigue).
checking the temperature resistance of the sample .
OBJECTIVES

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Stage 1: Preparation of metal matrix composite(combining alumina+zirconia+titanium)
METHODOLOGY
purchasing of the material:Al2O3+ZrO2 +ti from vedayukt India pvt.lmt,jarkhand
conversion of the material from micro particle to nano using ball milling
combining of the material in varying composition to base metal(Al2O2+ZrO2)

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Stage 2: prepartion of samples
METHODOLOGY
Forming of the sample shape of the metal mixture obtained from ball pressing using dyes
already available at vb.ceramics chennai
Prepared shapes are set for sintering
Ageing is done for the product obtained and samples are ready for testing

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Stage 3: Tests to be carried out on the samples
METHODOLOGY
selecting place where water jet machining are performed
fixing the process perameters for Water Jet machining
performing the operations and then collecting required data from both WJM and
temperature resistance tests
performing the calculations and finding results

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Up to now our progress is decision of the materials to be used there compositions and
shapes in which samples are required
The dye shapes available at the place are:
SAMPLE SHAPES

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The place or lab which the experiment is conducted is VB Ceramics
,kuttivakam,Chennai.
WORK PLACE

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REFERENCES
1. B. Budiansky et al,Elastic moduli of a cracked solid,Int J Solid Struct
2. Hannink, R. Transformation toughening in zirconia-containing ceramics. J. Am. Ceram.
Soc. 2000, 83, 461–487.link
3. Shin, Y.S.; Rhee, Y.W.; Kang, S.L. Experimental evaluation of toughening mechanisms in
alumina-zirconia composites. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1999, 82, 1229–1232.
4. Tjong, S.C. Novel nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composites with enhanced
mechanical properties.Adv. Eng. Mater. 2007, 9, 639–652.
5. Tamari, N.; Kondok, I.; Tanaka, T. Mechanical properties of alumina whisker/mullite
composite ceramics. J. Ceram. Soc. Japan 1995, 103, 199–201.

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