2. 2
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3 Islamic Leadership, Emotional Intelligence, and Spiritual
Intelligence on Passion of Work and Performance
Article- Assigned
Organizational Transformation Is an Emotional Journey
Emotional intelligence, management of subordinate’s emotions,
and leadership effectiveness
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3. Research objective to find relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and
leadership effectiveness:
i. How EI influence leadership effectiveness when controlling for cognitive
intelligence and Big Five personality traits, and
ii. Mediating processes in this relationship.
Researchers analyzed ability test data of 84 leaders in an assessment
centre to predict unobtrusive observations of leader responses to
subordinate’s emotions in a role play, and expert ratings of leadership
effectiveness;
Five personality variables are extraversion, agreeableness,
conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience.
Emotional intelligence, management of subordinate’s emotions, and
leadership effectiveness
Article -1 : Summary
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4. H1 –The relation of EI with leadership effectiveness is positive.
H2a -The relationship between EI and leadership effectiveness is
mediated by reactions to employee emotion.
H2b - The relationship between EI and leadership effectiveness is
mediated by situationally appropriate leader affective displays.
Hypotheses
Competence-based interview, cognitive intelligence tests
and a personality test of 84 executives in assessment
centre,
An additional measure ‘The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional
Intelligence Test Version 2.0 (MSCEIT)’ used for EI.
Material and Method
Article -1 : Inside and Insights (1/2)
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5. Regression analysis for test H1 is used,
Two step approach for H2a & H2b
i. Regression analysis to predict leadership effectiveness w.r.t
mediating responses,
ii. Negative effect to determine display of positive affect (not
affect of mediates)
Analysis
Analysis showed a significant positive effect of EI on the
responses to follower emotion effectiveness,
Findings: High EI leaders recognize and understand
follower emotions effectively & defuse counterproductive
feelings in more productive directions through interactions.
Results and Conclusion
Article -1 : Inside and Insights (2/2)
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6. Research collaboration of EY and Oxford University to investigate
what it takes to lead a successful transformation;
Organizational transformations are prone to failure;
Identification of skills, mindsets, and capabilities is essential to avoid
such failures,
Successful Transformation keys for leaders:
Mitigation of emotional harm to employees
Drive emotional commitment from employee
Authors present seven ways for leaders to set their transformations up
for success by prioritizing their employees’— and their own — emotions.
Organizational Transformation is an Emotional Journey
Article -2 : Summary
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7. EY and Oxford University surveyed 935 CXOs and 1,127 members of the
workforce from 23 countries, seven industries, and 16 sub-industry sectors.
Approximately 50% of them represented a successful transformation project
and 50% an unsuccessful one.
Researchers also conducted 25 in-depth interviews with CXOs from multiple
global companies.
Each leader was asked to identify three critical turning points in their
transformation.
Findings: leaders and workers started transformations at the same point
emotionally: excited and optimistic. As the transformations got going, they all
showed a reduction in positive emotions and an increase in negative emotions.
Methodology and Results
Article -2: Inside and Insights (1/2)
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8. Address the unsustainable status quo –Work on your mindsets and
assumptions and be prepare for delta b/w today and tomorrow.
Detach from the status quo - Need to asses opportunities, learning new ideas
and associated risks.
Develop a purposeful vision - A purposeful clear vision to see future is essential,
Lead emotional transformation – Let employees feel excited as well as discuss
their anxiety and fears,
Include both the rational and emotional - Rational project plan with key
deliverables, rational cost and time lines,
Align KPIs, funding, resources, and people - Develop new KPIs that enable
shifts in resources
Make transformation the new normal – Dynamic and ‘organic’ organization
Seven Steps for Successful Transformation
Article -2: Inside and Insights (2/2)
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9. Empirical analysis on influence of Islamic leadership, emotional
intelligence, and spiritual intelligence on morale, passion of work and
employee performance,
Survey of 140 Islamic Private lecturers and analyzed data from the
questionnaire using the Structural Equation Model by AMOS.
Islamic Leadership, Emotional Intelligence, and Spiritual Intelligence on Passion of Work
and Performance
Article -3 : Summary
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Those steps include:
Barring migrants from bringing family unless the job pays at least £38,700 a year – up from £18,600 currently.
Ensuring overseas care workers are employed by a regulated provider.
Scrapping the 20% salary discount for foreign workers in industries facing staff shortages.
In order to perform this study, researchers analyzed ability test data of 84 leaders in an assessment center to predict unobtrusive observations of leader responses to subordinate’s emotions in a role play, and expert ratings of leadership effectiveness, controlling for cognitive ability and Big Five personality traits. Authors determined that EI predicted the appropriateness of leader responses to subordinate’s emotions, and these responses mediated the relationships of EI and leadership effectiveness, controlling for cognitive ability and Big Five personality traits. It is concluded that EI can be assessed as a selection tool for leadership positions. Leadership development programs can also focus on developing the skills associated with EI.
Hypothesis: Authors proposed that these benefits can be understood from two perspectives that are closely aligned with the conceptualization of EI.
H1. EI is positively related to leadership effectiveness, controlling for cognitive ability and Big Five personality traits.
H2a. The relationship between EI and leadership effectiveness is mediated by the appropriateness of leader reactions to follower expressions of emotion.
H2b. The relationship between EI and leadership effectiveness is mediated by situationally appropriate leader affective displays.
84 individuals holding a leadership position for at least a year in the public or private sector participated in an assessment center program at the Assessment and Development department of an acknowledged consultancy firm in the Netherlands. all participants went through included a competence-based interview, cognitive intelligence tests and a personality test. Specifically for this study, an ability-based EI measure was added.
For EI, The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test Version 2.0 (MSCEIT) was used to measure EI. The MSCEIT is an ability test that measures the four elements of EI: perceiving emotion accurately, using emotion to facilitate thought, understanding emotion and managing emotion.
For Effective leadership, role plays were added.
Three control variables (i) Cognitive Ability measured by Abalet test, (ii) Big Five personality factors. To assess the Big Five personality variables (i.e. extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience) we used the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, consisting of 240 items. Each item had to be rated on a five-point scale. And (iii) Age and gender were added as control variables for this research.
Regression analysis for test H1 is used. Leadership effectiveness was regressed on EI in an analysis with gender (dummy-coded), age, cognitive ability and the Big Five personality variables as controls added to the regression analysis.
To test H2a and H2b, we took a two-step approach. First, we conducted a regression analysis to predict leadership effectiveness from the proposed mediating variables response to follower emotion and positive affect. Secondly, negative affect as an extra check to determine that it would be the display of positive affect and not affect per se that mediates.