In this presentation, how Mongolia can battle its addiction issues with the Global Strategy developed by World Health Organization and United Nations

1. SUD TREATMENTS IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRY:
MONGOLIA
BY UYANGA BAYANDALAI

2. THIS PRESENTATION AIMS TO EXPLORE SUBSTANCE
USE DISORDERS TREATMENTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY,
MONGOLIA, AND WHAT RESOURCES ARE AVAILABLE TO
INTEGRATE SUD TREATMENTS IN MONGOLIA.

3. VIDEO: MONGOLIA’S BATTLE WITH THE BOTTLE
(2010)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsgSO5_H2ho

4. • According to World Health Organization (2014), in Mongolia, alcohol per
capita (15+) consumption (recorded) increased 2.8 during years of 2008 –
2010 with prevalence of heavy episodic drinking 27.0% in 2010. Even
though, there are said to have written national policy and action plan for
those who abuse and dependent, Mongolian Age-standardized death
rates (Liver cirrhosis 78.8 per 100,000 males) and alcohol-attributable
fractions (71.7% males) in 2012.

5. • In 2014, United Nations (UN) review of drug strategies stated that
“the world drug problem remains a common and shared
responsibility” (National Institute of Health, 2015),
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and World
Health Organization (WHO) working together to implement
international standards to provide standardized manuals to help
United Nations member countries to address SUD in their home
states (Gerra, Koutsenok, Saenz, Busse, 2015).

6. • The global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, endorsed
by the Sixty-third World Health Assembly in 2010, recognizes the
close links between the harmful use of alcohol and socioeconomic
development.
• The level of risk associated with harmful use of alcohol in
developing countries is much higher than in high-income
countries where people are increasingly protected by
comprehensive laws and interventions (WHO, 2010).

7. THE GLOBAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL
USE OF ALCOHOL.
• Setting the scene:
• The harmful use of alcohol has a serious effect on public health and is considered to be one of the
main risk factors of poor health globally.
• It is estimated that 2.5 million people worldwide died of alcohol-related causes in 2004.
• It is a major avoidable risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders.
• The degree of risk for harmful use of alcohol varies with age, sex and other biological
characteristics as well as setting and context.
• A substantial scientific knowledge base exists for policy-makers to make change.
WHO (2010)

8. THE GLOBAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL
CONTINUED..
• Challenges and opportunities:
• Increasing global action and international cooperation: it continues to be a global health issue.
• Ensuring intersectoral action: Not only health sector, but also sectors such as development, transport, justice,
social welfare, fiscal policy, trade, agriculture, consumer policy, education and employment, civil society, and
economic operators need to engage simultaneously.
• According appropriate attention: Policy and decision-makers often give a low priority to preventing and
reducing the harm of alcohol use. Affordability and availability of alcohol.
• Balancing different interests: Even though production, distribution, marketing and sales of alcohol create
employment, income, and tax revenue, balancing different interests is challenging to policymakers.
• Focusing on equity: Population-wide rates of drinking are lower in poorer societies; however, for a given
amount of consumption, poorer populations may experience disproportionately higher levels of alcohol-
attributable harm.
WHO (2010)

9. THE GLOBAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL
CONTINUED..
• Aims and objectives
• The purpose of the global strategy is to support and complement public health policies.
• The vision of the global strategy is improved health and social outcomes for individuals, families, and
communities with reduced morbidity and mortality due to use of alcohol.
• It aims to give guidance for action.
WHO (2010)

10. THE GLOBAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL
CONTINUED..
10 target areas for policy options and interventions:
1. Leadership, awareness and commitment: Policy changes by decisionmakers.
2. Health services response: Health care providers deliver prevention, treatment, and care for alcohol use and alcohol
induced disorders and co-morbid conditions.
3. Community action: develop and support community programs and policies.
4. Drink-driving policies and countermeasures: legal B.A.C, suspension of license, ignition interlock, driver education
classes, treatments.
5. Availability of alcohol: appropriate licensing system, regulating liquor merchandises and retail sales.
6. Marketing of alcoholic beverages: regulating marketing
7. Pricing policies: taxation
8. Reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication: policies such as responsible serving of
beverage on premises.
9. Reducing the public health impact of illicit alcohol and informality produced alcohol: regulating sales.
10. Monitoring and surveillance: national survey on alcohol consumption.
WHO (2010)

11. SUD TREATMENT BARRIERS IN MONGOLIA
• Funding
According to WHO (2010), two-thirds of the WHO member states reported having a government unit responsible
for alcohol and drug treatment services, only 45.8% of the countries have an annual budget appropriation for
treatment programs. Low-income countries are less likely to have a government unit for treatment or dedicated
budget. Tax funding is the most common.
- In Mongolia, client needs to pay out of pocket for the treatment program.
• Public Health model
Not enough researches are done as well as options for treatment facilities. Only one treatment facility in Mongolia.
According to WHO (2010), only 100 beds were available.
• Human Resources
Health care professionals, trained counselors

12. IN CONCLUSION
• A lot of policy changes, education and trainings for professionals, etc. are needed for Mongolia to
reduce the harmful use of alcohol and other drugs.

13. REFERENCES:
• G. Gerra, I. Koutsenok, E. Saenz, A. Busse (2015). International Standards in the Treatment of Drug use Disorders. Drug Prevention
and Health Branch, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Austria. Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/international/abstracts/international-standards-in-treatment-drug-use-disorders
• National Institute on Drug Abuse (2012). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A research-based guide. (3rd ed.), National
Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/podat_1.pdf
• National Institute of Health (2015). International Research Collaboration on Drug Abuse and Addiction Research (R01). Department
of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from http://grants.nih.gove/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-15-142.html
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, World Drug Report 2015. United Nations publication. Retrieved from
http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2015/World_Drug_Report_2015.pdf
• World Health Organization (1994). ICD-10 Symptom Glossary for Mental Disorders. Division of Mental Health. Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/podat_1.pdf
• World Health Organization (2010). Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/msbalcstragegy.pdf
• World Health Organization (2010). ATLAS on substance use: resources for the prevention and treatment of substance use
disorders. WHO Press: Geneva. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/treatment/en/
• World Health Organization (2014). Global Alcohol Report by country: Mongolia. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/mng.pdf?ua=1
• Video: Mongolia’s battle with bottle by Aljazeera English. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsgSO5_H2ho