ACADEMIC WRITING

1. SUBJECTIVE ASSIGNMENT 2
NAME: Akhilasree K
APPLICATION NO: b285128ce76311e986840dcee97d2c8d
AFFLIATION: SASTRA Deemed to be University
COURSE: Academic Writing
COURSE CODE: ugc19_ge03
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3. (Cell signaling technology, 2019)
Alzheimer’s
disease

4. Compound: Hesperidin
(5, 9-dihydroxy-40-methoxy-7-
orutinosyl flavanone)
(Sigma-Aldrich, 2019)

5. Experimental design
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Total number of rats = 48 Number of groups = 4
Group I: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with saline (0.5 ml) daily
once for 60 days
Group II: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with AlCl3 (100 mg/kg body
weight) for 60 days
Group III: Rats were treated orally using intragastric tubes with hesperidin
(100 mg/kg. b.w.) dissolved in saline (1 h prior to AlCl3) and intra
peritoneally injected with AlCl3 as group II for 60 days
Group IV: Rats were treated orally using intragastric tubes with hesperidin
alone (100 mg/kg b.w.) for 60 days

6. Studies performed
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 Behavioral studies:
 Y maze test
 Novel Object Recognition Test
 Rotarod Test
 Protein analysis:
Western Blot Analysis

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Y Maze Test
*p < 0.05 compared to the control,
#p < 0.05 compared to the
AlCl3 -treated rats
SAP (%)

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Novel Object Recognition Test
*p < 0.05 compared to the control,
#p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats
(Barker et al., 2017)

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Rotarod Test
(Deacon, 2013)
*p < 0.05 compared to the control, #p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats

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Western blot analysis
*p < 0.05 compared to the control, #p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats

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Western blot analysis
*p < 0.05 compared to the control, #p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats

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Western blot analysis
*p < 0.05 compared to the control, #p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats

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Western blot analysis
*p < 0.05 compared to the control, #p < 0.05 compared to the AlCl3 -treated rats

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Conclusion
This study demonstrated that:
Hesperidin exhibited a strong memory-enhancing property and provided an
understanding of the mechanisms involved in the modes of action of
hesperidin against Al-induced neurotoxicity.
It could be a promising candidate for preventing or treating inflammatory
and apoptotic conditions in neurodegenerative diseases including AD.

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References
1. Barker, George, Howarth, Whittaker, 2017. (PDF) Assessment of housing density, space
allocation and social hierarchy of laboratory rats on behavioural measures of welfare [WWW
Document]. URL
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319915686_Assessment_of_housing_density_space_allo
cation_and_social_hierarchy_of_laboratory_rats_on_behavioural_measures_of_welfare (accessed
7.3.19).
2. Cell signalling technology, 2019. Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid Plaque Signaling Interactive
Pathway | CST [WWW Document]. URL https://www.cellsignal.com/contents/science-cst-
pathways-neuroscience/amyloid-plaque-formation-in-alzheimer-s-disease-signaling-interactive-
pathway/pathways-alz (accessed 7.3.19).
3. Deacon, R., 2013. Measuring Motor Coordination in Mice. Journal of Visualized Experiments.
https://doi.org/10.3791/2609
4. Justin-Thenmozhi, A., Dhivya Bharathi, M., Kiruthika, R., Manivasagam, T., Borah, A., Essa,
M.M., 2018. Attenuation of Aluminum Chloride-Induced Neuroinflammation and Caspase
Activation Through the AKT/GSK-3β Pathway by Hesperidin in Wistar Rats. Neurotox Res 34,
463–476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-018-9904-4
5. Sigma-Aldrich, 2019. Hesperidin H5254 [WWW Document]. Sigma-Aldrich. URL
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/h5254 (accessed 7.3.19).

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Further Reading
1. Alizadeh-Ghodsi, M., Zavvari, A., Ebrahimi-Kalan, A., Shiri-Shahsavar, M. R., & Yousefi,
B. (2018). The hypothetical roles of arsenic in multiple sclerosis by induction of inflammation
and aggregation of tau protein: A commentary. Nutritional Neuroscience, 21(2), 92–96.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2016.1239399
2. Rai, A., Maurya, S. K., Khare, P., Srivastava, A., & Bandyopadhyay, S. (2010).
Characterization of developmental neurotoxicity of As, Cd, and Pb mixture: Synergistic action
of metal mixture in glial and neuronal functions. Toxicological Sciences: An Official Journal
of the Society of Toxicology, 118(2), 586–601. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq266

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Feedback of the course Academic writing
 The course helped me to understand the scientific writing skill and to
avoid plagiarism
 I am glad to say that I am able to do a good literature review which is
an essential part in research with proper time management
 The course satisfied the key objective and there was a great input
from the entire team

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Acknowledgement
I would like thank UGC, for such a great initiative of providing online
courses to improve our knowledge base
I am thankful to MHRD for providing online portal like SWAYAM to
explore on various topics
I am thankful to the course “Academic writing” and the team for
providing such a great platform to improve our writing skills

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