The document discusses mania and bipolar disorder. It defines mania as a state of excitement, overactivity, and impaired judgment, often accompanied by psychomotor agitation and overoptimism. There are three main types of bipolar disorder: bipolar 1 disorder involves manic episodes lasting at least a week, bipolar 2 disorder involves less severe hypomanic episodes, and cyclothymic disorder involves chronic mood instability without extreme episodes. Mania is distinguished from hypomania by the severity and length of episodes as well as the possible presence of psychotic symptoms. The document also lists seven common signs of a manic episode such as less sleep, risky behavior, irritability, and racing thoughts.