Part 2 of a two-part program on green residential remodeling. This presentation (part 2) focuses on water conservation and indoor air quality strategies.

1. STRATEGIES
FOR
BRINGING
YOUR
HOME
INTO
THE
21ST
CENTURY
Rachel
White,
Ph.D.

2. Session
Roadmap
 Environmental
Challenges
We
Face
 Strategies
 My
Home:
A
Case
Study
in
Master
Planning

3. Environmental
Challenges

4. Buildings
&
Climate
Change

5. Climate
Change
is
Just
the
Beginning…
 Natural
resource
depleOon
 DeforestaOon
 Water
shortages
 Environmental
degradaOon
 UnconvenOonal
fossil
fuels
(tar
sands,
shale)
 Mining
energy
criOcal
elements
 Environmental
health
problems

6. The
Water
Cycle
Source:
Auckland
City
Council,
New
Zealand
Cited
in
Nigel
Pickering
“Engineered
Impacts
to
the
Natural
Water
Cycle”
Available
for
download
at
hYp://crwa.org

9. Increased
Incidence
of
Childhood
Diseases
400
350
300
250
%
increase
200
150
100
50
0
Sources:
CDC;
Mount
Sinai
Children’s
Environmental
Health
Center;
Healthy
Child,
Healthy
World:
Crea/ng
a
Cleaner,
Greener,
Safer
Home
9

10. Health
Risks
&
the
Indoor
Environment
 4.6
million
(20%
of
total)
cases
of
asthma
aYributable
to
dampness
&
mold
in
the
home
“Public
Health
&
Economic
Impact
of
Dampness
and
Mold,”
Indoor
Air
Journal,
vol
17,
2007
 Average
concentraOon
of
formaldehyde
in
a
US
home
is
55
ppb:
2½
x
CA
EPA
cancer
risk
threshold
hYp://eetd.lbl.gov/ied/sfrb/voc-­‐cancer.html
 11-­‐21%
increased
risk
of
lung
cancer
due
to
radon
exposure
at
3
piC/l
over
5-­‐30
years.
hYp://www.uihealthcare.com/news/news/2005/03/21radon.html

11. Culture
of
ConsumpOon

12. Source:
US
EIA,
2009
ResidenOal
Energy
ConsumpOon
Survey

13. Remodeling
Strategies

14. Indoor
ResidenOal
Water
Use
Water
Use
Scenarios
80
70
60
Gallons
50
Per
Capita
40
Day
30
20
10
0
US
Average
MA
Average
ConservaOon
ConservaOon
(2001)
(2005)
Source:
MA
Water
ConservaOon
Standards

15. Fixtures
&
Appliances
Fixture
Federal
Standard
Water
Sense/Energy
Star
Toilet
1.6
gpf
1.28
gpf
Shower
2.5
gpf
2
gpm
Faucet
2.5
gpf
1.5
gpm
Dishwasher
5.8
gpc
4.5
gpc
Washing
WF<9.5
WF<6
Machine
TOTAL
69.3
GPCD
36.2
GPCD
The
difference
between
the
federal
standard
&
most
efficient?
12,081.5
gallons
per
person
per
year

16. ResidenOal
Seasonal
Water
Use
Seasonal
Use
Scenarios
120
100
80
Gallons
per
60
Capita
Day
40
20
0
US
Average
MA
Average
ConservaOon
ConservaOon
2001
2005

17. IrrigaOon
Best
PracOces
• Properly
posiOon
the
heads
• Water
before
dawn
• Install
a
rain
sensor
• Adjust
throughout
the
season
• Get
an
audit

19. Exhaust
VenOlaOon
VenOlaOon
Standard
• 1
cfm
for
every
100
sf
+
• 7.5
cfm
per
design
occupant
Example
for
3
BR,
2000
sf
house
• 2000
x
.01
=
20
• 7.5
x
4
=
30
• 20
+
30
=
50
cfm

20. Balanced
VenOlaOon

22. Source
Control
 Remove/remediate
exisOng
contaminants
 Asbestos,
lead,
radon,
mold,
combusOon
gases
 Don’t
introduce
new
contaminants
 Design
to
reduce
occupant
exposure
 Materials:
low-­‐emiqng,
moisture
resistant,
easy
to
clean
 ConstrucOon
protocols:
dust
protecOon,
flashing
details,
pest
screening,
etc.
 Occupant
Choices

23. EPA
Map
of
Radon
Zones
for
MassachuseYs
Test
Results
for
Middlesex
County
Red
Zone:
Highest
Predicted
PotenOal
for
Radon
Levels
above
4
piC/l
under
2
pCi/L

between
2
and
3.9
pCi/L
4
pCi/L
and
above

25. Composite
Wood
Products
No
added
urea
formaldehyde/CARB
2
Paints
&
Other
Wet
Applied
Products
Is
Low
or
no-­‐VOC
good
enough?
hYp://greenhomeguide.com

26. Occupant
Choices
 Avoid
pesOcides
 Use
non-­‐toxic
cleaning
products
hYp://beyondpesOcides.org
 Use
your
kitchen
and
bath
fans
 Take
your
shoes
off
hYp://goodguide.com

27. A
Master
Plan
Case
Study

28. Master
Plan
 OpNmize
use
of
exisNng
space
 500
sq.
feet
per
person
 Keep
water
where
it
belongs
&
use
only
what
we
need
 Allow
for
onsite
storm
water
infiltraOon
(away
from
the
house!)
 Eliminate
potable
water
for
irrigaOon
 36
gpcd
indoor
consumpOon
 Reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
by
80%
 InsulaOon
(10,
20,
40,
60)
&
Air
sealing
(<2.0
ach
@50
Pa)
 Electric
heat
pump
for
heaOng
&
cooling
coupled
w/
renewables
 Onsite
PV
(if
site
appropriate)
 Provide
good
indoor
air
quality
 Balanced
venOlaOon
that
meets
ASRHRAE
62.2
 Source
Control
 Maximize
durability
 100+
year
lifespan
 40+
years
for
a
kitchen,
20+
years
for
a
paint
job

29. Know
Where
You
Are
StarOng
From
29
 Energy
bills
 Water
bills
 ExisOng
condiOons
assessments
 Moisture/water?
Pests?
Hot
or
cold
spots?
 Test
what
you
can
 DocumentaOon
 Plans
from
previous
renovaOons
 Previous
tesOng

31. Kid’s
BR
Master
BR
Kid’s
BR

33. WhiteWhat Ifs - 11/17/2008 Baseline Baseline
Delta Total Delta
MMBTU/
Improvement HERS HERS MMBTU/Yr Yr
Baseline 117
0
185.3
0.0
Replace all old AGWall Windows w/Dbl
LowE 114
3
183.5
1.8
95 AFUE boiler w/Indirect Tank 101
16
169.1
16.2
4160 CFM50 to 3500 CFM50 113
4
178.6
6.7
Six Evergreen SL 195's 20% shading 112
5
181.0
4.3
Window, Boiler Together 98
19
167.4
17.9
Window, Boiler, Air Infiltration Together 96
21
161.3
24.0
Window, Boiler, Air Infiltration PV Together 91
26
157.0
28.3

34. Kid’s
BR
Master
Kid’s
BR
Plan
by
Molly
Frey,
Molly
Frey
Design

35. WhiteWhat Ifs - 9/27/2009 - 10/5/2009 Baseline Total Baseline
Consumptio
Delta n Delta
Improvement HERS HERS MMBTU/Yr MMBTU/Yr
Baseline 117
0
185.3
0.0
S1 - Mbed Cath Ceil R30 FG to R42 ocSPF 116
1
183.7
1.6
S2 - Mbed AGWalls R13,FG3 to
R19,LDF1,X-16 114
3
182.1
3.2
S3 - Rim - 54 SF, from R0 to R30/ 9” ocsf. 114
3
180.4
4.9
S4 - Porch Floor 2x8 to LDF + 1" rigid
R25,8-16,+6 112
5
177.2
8.1
S5 - Bay window ceiling R0 to R25,8-16 111
6
175.9
9.4
From S5 Above on October 3, 2009 110
7
172.4
12.9
S6 - Attic reconfiguration to roof plane
See top of Kerrys Email in this comment
S7 - 4160 CFM50 to 2900 CFM50 - October 5 103
14
159.7
25.6

37. Electricity
ConsumpOon
16000
14000
12000
52%
drop
in
4
years
10000
Annual
Electricity
8000
35%
<
naOonal
ConsumpOon
in
average
6000
kwh
4000
2000
0
2006
2009
2010
2011

39. 39

40. Other
Interior
Improvements
 Water
Sense
or
beYer
plumbing
fixtures
 Exhaust
venOng
in
the
master
bathroom
 Dehumidifier
in
basement
(with
condensate
pump)
 Low-­‐emiqng
materials

45. Next
Steps
for
My
House
 Fix
the
Basement
(5
years)
 Air
seal
&
Insulate:
R10
slab;
R20
walls
 HRV?
 Insulate
the
Exterior
(10
years)
 Get
as
close
as
possible
to
R40
walls;
R60
roof
 <2.0
ach
@50
Pa
 VenNlate
with
an
HRV
(10
years)
 Replace
driveway
with
permeable
surface
(10
years)
 Switch
to
an
electric
heat
pump
(30
years)
 Add
PV?
(30
years)

46. Strategies
for
Bringing
Your
Home
Into
the
21st
Century
rachel@greenereverydayconsulOng.com
hYp://greenereverydayconsulOng.com
hYp://facebook.com/greenereveryday
hYp://twiYer.com/greenereveryday