Presentation by Benjamin David Hennig for the 46th Annual Meeting of the Society of Cartographers, Manchester/UK, 9th September 2010. Read more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=832
Slides from a presentation by Benjamin Hennig at the ESRI International User Conference in San Diego, 15 July 2009. See more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=654
Refinement of regionally modeled coastal zone population data enabling more a...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses refining population data in coastal zones to improve vulnerability assessments. It summarizes approaches to modeling global population distribution and issues with existing data not accurately capturing coastal populations. The document proposes using new high-resolution coastal boundary data to reallocate populations in existing datasets for more precise exposure analysis, especially related to sea level rise vulnerability mapping.
The document discusses the 10th FEWS user days conference on flood early warning systems. It provides examples of some of the early FEWS applications from the 1st user days conference 9 years prior. It also notes that scientific output doubles every nine years and compares the number of papers then to the number at the 10th conference. Finally, it discusses current topics in water and flood management including the use of Lidar data and extracting data from OpenStreetMap.
The document summarizes a local disaster management project using NASA data sharing to address landslides. The team designed a drone (DRONE) with predictive landslide features and a compaction machine (STEP 63) to prevent landslide consequences. They 3D modeled high landslide risk maps and created a data transfer system between disaster management organizations (AFAD and COOLR) using an Arduino circuit. The drone would detect potential landslide signals, notify authorities, and transmit risk data to prevent major losses.
Application of remote sensing,population identificationSATISH KUMAR
GIS
Remote Sensing
POPULATION IDENTIFICATION-REMOTE SENSING
Application of remote sensing
Statistical Modelling of Population
Dasymetric Mapping of Population
Cape cod example
Consideration of adjustments to density
Presentation by Benjamin David Hennig for the 46th Annual Meeting of the Society of Cartographers, Manchester/UK, 9th September 2010. Read more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=832
Slides from a presentation by Benjamin Hennig at the ESRI International User Conference in San Diego, 15 July 2009. See more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=654
Refinement of regionally modeled coastal zone population data enabling more a...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses refining population data in coastal zones to improve vulnerability assessments. It summarizes approaches to modeling global population distribution and issues with existing data not accurately capturing coastal populations. The document proposes using new high-resolution coastal boundary data to reallocate populations in existing datasets for more precise exposure analysis, especially related to sea level rise vulnerability mapping.
The document discusses the 10th FEWS user days conference on flood early warning systems. It provides examples of some of the early FEWS applications from the 1st user days conference 9 years prior. It also notes that scientific output doubles every nine years and compares the number of papers then to the number at the 10th conference. Finally, it discusses current topics in water and flood management including the use of Lidar data and extracting data from OpenStreetMap.
The document summarizes a local disaster management project using NASA data sharing to address landslides. The team designed a drone (DRONE) with predictive landslide features and a compaction machine (STEP 63) to prevent landslide consequences. They 3D modeled high landslide risk maps and created a data transfer system between disaster management organizations (AFAD and COOLR) using an Arduino circuit. The drone would detect potential landslide signals, notify authorities, and transmit risk data to prevent major losses.
Application of remote sensing,population identificationSATISH KUMAR
GIS
Remote Sensing
POPULATION IDENTIFICATION-REMOTE SENSING
Application of remote sensing
Statistical Modelling of Population
Dasymetric Mapping of Population
Cape cod example
Consideration of adjustments to density
Geovisualisation of flows: New approaches to map an interdependent worldBenjamin Hennig
Postgraduate Presentation by Benjamin D Hennig at the Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, 26th May 2009 - more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=2777
The document discusses population grids as a method for disaggregating and aggregating population data at a high resolution grid level rather than large administrative units. It describes how population counts can be distributed across grid cells using auxiliary data like land cover to create continuous surface maps of population density. Sources of gridded population data and the advantages of using grids over conventional mapping techniques are also covered.
Paper presentation by Benjamin Hennig held in the session on 'Other cartographies, other geographies, other voices' at the AAG Annual Meeting, San Francisco (CA/USA), 1st April 2016.
This document describes a study to identify suitable parcels of land for developing new pocket parks in Austin, Texas. The analysis identified parcels less than 2 acres that are undeveloped, connected to streets, and not near highways, located in areas with the highest need based on lack of existing parks access and population density. Fifty parcels were selected in a part of Austin's urban core east of I-35 and north of Highway 71. Developing these parcels as pocket parks could help address Austin's shortage of parks and open space accessibility.
OpenStreetMap in Palestine - Mikel MaronCrisisCommons
OpenStreetMap aimed to create a free and open map of Palestine by crowdsourcing mapping contributions. They found that existing maps were expensive, outdated, incomplete or politically biased. The project partnered with local organizations to test mapping on the ground and collect existing data. It then conducted a successful fundraising campaign to obtain aerial imagery in order to rapidly map roads and points of interest across the West Bank and Gaza.
This presentation was given on 25 June 2019 by Karis Tenneson (Spatial Informatics Group, LLC, SIG) for the CCAFS and USAID webinar Making trees count: MRV for agroforestry under UNFCCC. See the introductory presentation for more detail: Agroforestry for livelihoods and climate.
Urban sprawl in Mangalore and Udupi regions of Karnataka, India is modeled and analyzed using GIS and other techniques. Shannon's entropy and landscape metrics are used to analyze patterns and structures of urban growth. Regression analysis is performed to quantify relationships between factors like population, density, and distance from cities, and the extent of built-up areas. Non-linear models provide better predictions of cumulative effects of variables on urbanization compared to linear models. This methodology can effectively model and analyze urban sprawl dynamics.
Mapping the Foodshed and Sharing YOUR Storyvanhoesenj
This presentation was delivered by Philip Ackerman-Leist and John Van Hoesen from Green Mountain Collage at the 2012 Farm to Cafeteria Conference in Burlington, VT.
http://farmtocafeteriaconference.org/6/
Theme 1 : Use of data and assessment tools in soil erosion controlExternalEvents
This document discusses the use of data and assessment tools in soil erosion control. It describes how the Global Soil Erosion model (GloSEM) uses data on past erosion to create maps showing areas of accelerated soil loss. It also discusses the Global Soil Organic Carbon Map (GSOCmap) which was developed using top-down and bottom-up approaches to knowledge and data on soil organic carbon. The document promotes taking a multilevel approach that integrates different processes like water, wind, and tillage erosion into models to create comprehensive soil assessment maps.
The SIEUSOIL project will model optimal soil quality using global and local soil data. It will demonstrate the balance between ecology and productivity in 11 pilot locations, focusing on soil properties like carbon, nutrient inputs, and nitrogen fixation. SIEUSOIL aims to enhance land management efficiency using technology to preserve and improve lands, and will compile promising soil management methods to study their effects on soil health and productivity.
The Society of Mathematical Sciences at Ramjas College is celebrating World Statistics Day with an event called "Convergence 2010". The event will feature a detailed program that can be viewed online at a provided URL. Contact information is provided for the President, Vice President, and other organizers from the Statistics and Mathematics departments.
This document discusses mapping crop water productivity in the Nile Basin using remote sensing and secondary data. It presents a methodology that uses land cover maps, actual evapotranspiration maps, and agricultural statistics to estimate water consumption and economic productivity for different crops. The analysis is done at sub-basin and basin scales. It finds that eastern areas tend to have higher crop water productivity, possibly due to higher evaporation rates. Livestock production is also an important contributor to water productivity that needs further analysis. Accurate crop type maps and production data are needed to improve the spatial analysis of water productivity.
Sumit Dugar, Practical Action Consulting | Nepal Session | SotM Asia 2017Kathmandu Living Labs
State of the Map Asia (SotM-Asia) is the annual regional conference of OpenStreetMap (OSM) organized by OSM communities in Asia. First SotM-Asia was organized in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015, and the second was organized in Manila, Philippines in 2016. This year’s conference, third in the series, was organized in Kathmandu, Nepal on September 23 – 24, 2017 at Park Village Resort, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
We brought nearly 200 Open Mapping enthusiasts from Asia and beyond to this year’s SotM-Asia. The event provided an opportunity to share knowledge and experience among mappers; expand their network; and generate ideas to expand map coverage and effective use of OSM data in Asian continent. We chose ‘from creation to use of OSM data’ as the theme of this year’s conference, emphasizing on the effective use of OSM data. We also brought together a government panel from four different countries in this year’s SotM-Asia. We believe this event will deepen the bond and enhance collaboration among OSM communities across Asia.
More information about the conference can be found on: http://stateofthemap.asia.
Short presentation on spatial data, what it is, how it works and some common errors. Presented at Irish Computer Society seminar on Data Quality, Dublin, September 13 2010.
Harvard Humanitarian Initiative Presentation on Crisis MappingPatrick Meier
This document outlines four topics related to crisis mapping: 1) Crisis Map Sourcing, which involves sourcing data for crisis maps; 2) Mobile Crisis Mapping, which focuses on mapping crises using mobile devices; 3) Sourcing to Crowdfeeding, which relates to sourcing data and feeding it to crowds; and 4) Crisis Mapping Analytics, which analyzes data gathered through crisis mapping. The document also includes two examples of crisis mapping from villages in Papun District on specific dates.
Cities occupy 3% of the land surface but could form a city the size of Europe or half the size of Brazil if combined. 53% of the global population lives in cities, with over half in Southeast Asia. In the western hemisphere more water is used for production relative to population density than the eastern hemisphere. Over 90% of the land mass is within two days travel of a major city, while dense areas can be reached within minutes.
Comparison - Urban Sprawl in the US and Sprawl-like patterns in China - Quant...Wenjiao Wu
This document summarizes a study that compares urban sprawl patterns in the US and China. It analyzes land cover changes in Yinchuan and Xiamen, China and Atlanta and Phoenix, US using Landsat images from 1980s-2010s. Landscape metrics show increasing fragmentation and edge density over time for all cities. Transition matrices reveal conversions between land cover types. While sprawl patterns have emerged in Chinese cities, it is still controversial to use the term due to differences from the US experience.
Geovisualisation of flows: New approaches to map an interdependent worldBenjamin Hennig
Postgraduate Presentation by Benjamin D Hennig at the Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, 26th May 2009 - more at http://www.viewsoftheworld.net/?p=2777
The document discusses population grids as a method for disaggregating and aggregating population data at a high resolution grid level rather than large administrative units. It describes how population counts can be distributed across grid cells using auxiliary data like land cover to create continuous surface maps of population density. Sources of gridded population data and the advantages of using grids over conventional mapping techniques are also covered.
Paper presentation by Benjamin Hennig held in the session on 'Other cartographies, other geographies, other voices' at the AAG Annual Meeting, San Francisco (CA/USA), 1st April 2016.
This document describes a study to identify suitable parcels of land for developing new pocket parks in Austin, Texas. The analysis identified parcels less than 2 acres that are undeveloped, connected to streets, and not near highways, located in areas with the highest need based on lack of existing parks access and population density. Fifty parcels were selected in a part of Austin's urban core east of I-35 and north of Highway 71. Developing these parcels as pocket parks could help address Austin's shortage of parks and open space accessibility.
OpenStreetMap in Palestine - Mikel MaronCrisisCommons
OpenStreetMap aimed to create a free and open map of Palestine by crowdsourcing mapping contributions. They found that existing maps were expensive, outdated, incomplete or politically biased. The project partnered with local organizations to test mapping on the ground and collect existing data. It then conducted a successful fundraising campaign to obtain aerial imagery in order to rapidly map roads and points of interest across the West Bank and Gaza.
This presentation was given on 25 June 2019 by Karis Tenneson (Spatial Informatics Group, LLC, SIG) for the CCAFS and USAID webinar Making trees count: MRV for agroforestry under UNFCCC. See the introductory presentation for more detail: Agroforestry for livelihoods and climate.
Urban sprawl in Mangalore and Udupi regions of Karnataka, India is modeled and analyzed using GIS and other techniques. Shannon's entropy and landscape metrics are used to analyze patterns and structures of urban growth. Regression analysis is performed to quantify relationships between factors like population, density, and distance from cities, and the extent of built-up areas. Non-linear models provide better predictions of cumulative effects of variables on urbanization compared to linear models. This methodology can effectively model and analyze urban sprawl dynamics.
Mapping the Foodshed and Sharing YOUR Storyvanhoesenj
This presentation was delivered by Philip Ackerman-Leist and John Van Hoesen from Green Mountain Collage at the 2012 Farm to Cafeteria Conference in Burlington, VT.
http://farmtocafeteriaconference.org/6/
Theme 1 : Use of data and assessment tools in soil erosion controlExternalEvents
This document discusses the use of data and assessment tools in soil erosion control. It describes how the Global Soil Erosion model (GloSEM) uses data on past erosion to create maps showing areas of accelerated soil loss. It also discusses the Global Soil Organic Carbon Map (GSOCmap) which was developed using top-down and bottom-up approaches to knowledge and data on soil organic carbon. The document promotes taking a multilevel approach that integrates different processes like water, wind, and tillage erosion into models to create comprehensive soil assessment maps.
The SIEUSOIL project will model optimal soil quality using global and local soil data. It will demonstrate the balance between ecology and productivity in 11 pilot locations, focusing on soil properties like carbon, nutrient inputs, and nitrogen fixation. SIEUSOIL aims to enhance land management efficiency using technology to preserve and improve lands, and will compile promising soil management methods to study their effects on soil health and productivity.
The Society of Mathematical Sciences at Ramjas College is celebrating World Statistics Day with an event called "Convergence 2010". The event will feature a detailed program that can be viewed online at a provided URL. Contact information is provided for the President, Vice President, and other organizers from the Statistics and Mathematics departments.
This document discusses mapping crop water productivity in the Nile Basin using remote sensing and secondary data. It presents a methodology that uses land cover maps, actual evapotranspiration maps, and agricultural statistics to estimate water consumption and economic productivity for different crops. The analysis is done at sub-basin and basin scales. It finds that eastern areas tend to have higher crop water productivity, possibly due to higher evaporation rates. Livestock production is also an important contributor to water productivity that needs further analysis. Accurate crop type maps and production data are needed to improve the spatial analysis of water productivity.
Sumit Dugar, Practical Action Consulting | Nepal Session | SotM Asia 2017Kathmandu Living Labs
State of the Map Asia (SotM-Asia) is the annual regional conference of OpenStreetMap (OSM) organized by OSM communities in Asia. First SotM-Asia was organized in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015, and the second was organized in Manila, Philippines in 2016. This year’s conference, third in the series, was organized in Kathmandu, Nepal on September 23 – 24, 2017 at Park Village Resort, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
We brought nearly 200 Open Mapping enthusiasts from Asia and beyond to this year’s SotM-Asia. The event provided an opportunity to share knowledge and experience among mappers; expand their network; and generate ideas to expand map coverage and effective use of OSM data in Asian continent. We chose ‘from creation to use of OSM data’ as the theme of this year’s conference, emphasizing on the effective use of OSM data. We also brought together a government panel from four different countries in this year’s SotM-Asia. We believe this event will deepen the bond and enhance collaboration among OSM communities across Asia.
More information about the conference can be found on: http://stateofthemap.asia.
Short presentation on spatial data, what it is, how it works and some common errors. Presented at Irish Computer Society seminar on Data Quality, Dublin, September 13 2010.
Harvard Humanitarian Initiative Presentation on Crisis MappingPatrick Meier
This document outlines four topics related to crisis mapping: 1) Crisis Map Sourcing, which involves sourcing data for crisis maps; 2) Mobile Crisis Mapping, which focuses on mapping crises using mobile devices; 3) Sourcing to Crowdfeeding, which relates to sourcing data and feeding it to crowds; and 4) Crisis Mapping Analytics, which analyzes data gathered through crisis mapping. The document also includes two examples of crisis mapping from villages in Papun District on specific dates.
Cities occupy 3% of the land surface but could form a city the size of Europe or half the size of Brazil if combined. 53% of the global population lives in cities, with over half in Southeast Asia. In the western hemisphere more water is used for production relative to population density than the eastern hemisphere. Over 90% of the land mass is within two days travel of a major city, while dense areas can be reached within minutes.
Comparison - Urban Sprawl in the US and Sprawl-like patterns in China - Quant...Wenjiao Wu
This document summarizes a study that compares urban sprawl patterns in the US and China. It analyzes land cover changes in Yinchuan and Xiamen, China and Atlanta and Phoenix, US using Landsat images from 1980s-2010s. Landscape metrics show increasing fragmentation and edge density over time for all cities. Transition matrices reveal conversions between land cover types. While sprawl patterns have emerged in Chinese cities, it is still controversial to use the term due to differences from the US experience.
A talk based on a short book written with Carl Lee
Maps by Benjamin Hennig
Danny Dorling
University of Oxford, School of Geography & Environment
November 8th, 2017
Spatial representation of data in Urban Planning and DesignRoberto Rocco
This a lecture of data, statistics and spatial representation and understanding of data. This is important for planners and designers who need to understand social trends in space and how to communicate them to an audience. I typically teach this lecture in 50 minutes (I skip some slides). Feel free to use material here, but do the right thing: acknowledge the source.
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Annotated Bibliography
Engstrom, R., Hersh, J., & Newhouse, D. (2016). Poverty in HD: What Does High Resolution Satellite Imagery Reveal about Economic Welfare. Working paper.
This paper was a joint effort between researchers and seminar participants at the Boston University Development. The researchers got a financial support from the Strategic Research Program and World Bank Innovation. They selected areas for the sample, and they used some statistics of GN poverty and got some estimated from census of population to understand and prediction of the prevalence of poverty. They compared between the data which created spatial features from high resolution satellite imagery.
Moreover, the researchers made a classification for the objects such as of density and height of buildings, numbers of cars, type of roads and agriculture. The poverty has many correlates, some in urban areas and other in rural areas. Also, they used many indexes and indicators for modeling. They validated the poverty by using high resolution features and they explained the variation the extent of poverty. Finally, they concluded to many results, which indicated to a strong correlation between satellite indicators and predicted welfare. Also, the variables measuring were the strongest predictors of variation in poverty, Finally, they asserted the valuable of satellite imagery to help governments and stakeholders to elimination the poverty.
In sum, it is a useful paper, which has an explanation and analysis of how satellite images were used in poverty research, and what features can be extracted for analysis.
Engstrom, R. (2018). Linking pixels and poverty: Using satellite imagery to map poverty, Panel contribution to the population-environment research network cyber seminar,10516.
The author presented the importance of this topic and how many researchers in different disciplines have worked on poverty. The main goal for these researches is ending poverty in all its forms everywhere, that by defined its location. Recently, the researchers are starting to map the poverty. They performed mapping in traditional way by either using survey of household data or by combining them with census data. They faced many troubles in time, cost, and labors to collect data in many areas. Furthermore, the safety in the unstable areas. They avoided these problems by using satellite imagery. They started with images in night time lights to recognize the variations in poverty between countries. The researcher found "that areas with greater wealth have higher NTL light emissions and poorer areas have fewer light emissions." Since the results were limited to urban areas only. He focused on using high-resolution spatial images of less than 5 meters although they were expensive for researchers. Also, he used other approaches to map poverty areas including simple visual interpretation. He concluded to that the satelli.
Temporal Patterns in the Surface Urban Heat Island Effect and Land Cover Chan...Bijesh Mishra
Urban heat island (UHI) is a term used to describe increased surface and atmospheric temperatures in an urban core relative to surrounding non-urbanized areas mostly due to the conversion of natural surfaces into the built surfaces. Though the phenomenon has been studied in great extent in several cities throughout the world, the phenomenon is less understood for Kathmandu, and thus little documented in researches. This study uses the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) 8-day, 1000-meter product (MYD11A2) to estimate the spatial distribution of surface temperatures and the MODISderived Normalized Vegetation Index (MYD17A2) to quantify the pattern of land surface temperature throughout the year in different land cover types and its spatial correlation with the NDVI for the year of 2000 and 2016. Results suggest that the urban surface temperatures are consistently higher than non-urban areas. However, the rate of increase in temperature is higher in outside the urban area. Also, the NDVI is not spatially coincident with the land surface temperature.
- The document analyzes land use/land cover change and urban heat island effect in Bilaspur City, India between 2002 and 2017 using Landsat satellite imagery.
- Supervised classification identified 8 land use classes and showed built up land increased 172.4 hectares while agriculture land decreased 84.89 hectares, indicating conversion of rural to urban land.
- Urban heat island phenomenon was evident from land surface temperature images, with certain parts of the city becoming extremely hot, highlighting the need for sustainable urban planning.
Geography and Geographic Informations SystemsBarry Wellar
This presentation at the University of Ottawa's GIS Day in 2006 was prepared as part of the Geography Awareness Week program, Canadian Association of Geographers.The objectives of the presentation were to illustrate to secondary school and university students the importance of geography in understanding the social, economic, planning, development, environmental, political, and other affairs of the world from the local to the international scales, and outline how geographrapic information systems (GIS) technology and applications contribute to mapping, anaysing, synthesizing, and understanding these geography-related situations and relationships, and then to designing geographic-based solutions to these problems.
Monitoring and Landscape Quantification of Uncontrolled Urbanisation in Oasis Regions: The Case of Adrar City in Algeria
* 1 Dr. Assoule Dechaicha Image result for research orcid , 2 Assist. Prof. Adel Daikh Image result for research orcid , 3 Prof. Dr. Djamel Alkama Image result for research orcid
1, 2 and 3 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, 8 May 1945 University, Guelma, Algeria
E-mail 2: dechaicha.assoul@univ-guelma.dz , E-mail 1: alkama.djamel@univ-guelma.dz
E-mail 3: daikh.adel@univ-guelma.dz
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 March 2021
Accepted 25 July 2021
Available online 12 August 2021
Keywords:
Uncontrolled Urbanisation,
Satellite Images,
Landscape Metrics,
Palm groves,
Oasis Ecosystem.
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, uncontrolled urbanisation is one of the major problems facing Algerian oasis regions. The monitoring and evaluation of its landscape transformations remain a key step for any oasis sustainability project. This study highlights the evolution of spatial growth in the city of Adrar in southern Algeria during the period 1986-2016 by establishing a Spatio-temporal mapping and landscape quantification. The methodological approach is based on a multi-temporal analysis of Landsat satellite images for 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016, and the application of landscape metrics. The results show two opposite spatial trends: significant growth of built-up areas against an excessive loss of palm groves. The landscape metrics allowed the identification of a progressive fragmentation process characterising the palm groves. Thus, the findings of this study show the utility of satellite imagery and landscape metrics approach for monitoring urbanisation patterns and assessing their impacts on oasis ecosystems.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 209-219.
This document summarizes a study on analyzing urban development in Sulaimani, Iraq between 1990-2010 using satellite images. The study used Landsat images from 1990, 2000, and 2010 to measure urban expansion. The images were preprocessed including combining bands, cropping to the study area, and enhancing. The preprocessed images were then analyzed using GIS software to digitize the 1990 urban boundary and classify developed versus empty areas for each time period. This allowed calculating that development within Sulaimani's 1990 boundary was limited from 1990-2000, with a 68.7% population increase but using only empty inner-city lands. More rapid development occurred after 2003, including west and south of the original boundary.
This chapter introduces the concepts of maps, including their purposes and how they can be manipulated. It discusses the five themes of geography: location, place, region, movement, and human-environmental interaction. It also explains how maps are simplified, scaled, aggregated, and projected in different types like reference, choropleth, proportional symbol, isoline, and dot maps. The chapter aims to illustrate how changing a map's properties can change its message.
AIDS/HIV Awareness through Maps and MashupsSusieQuinn
This assignment was created for the class LIBR 220 : Maps, GIS, and Map Librarianship, Fall Semester 2008, taught by Dr. Susan Aber at San José State University, School of Library and Information Management http://slisweb.sjsu.edu/.
The information discussed here highlight how visual information (map and cartogram displays) is helpful in making the public aware of health issues, specifically in AIDS / HIV.
A Critical Review of High and Very High-Resolution Remote Sensing Approaches ...rsmahabir
Slums are a global urban challenge, with less developed countries being particularly impacted. To adequately detect and map them, data is needed on their location, spatial extent and evolution. High- and very high-resolution remote sensing imagery has emerged as an important source of data in this regard. The purpose of this paper is to critically review studies that have used such data to detect and map slums. Our analysis shows that while such studies have been increasing over time, they tend to be concentrated to a few geographical areas and often focus on the use of a single approach (e.g., image texture and object-based image analysis), thus limiting generalizability to understand slums, their population, and evolution within the global context. We argue that to develop a more comprehensive framework that can be used to detect and map slums, other emerging sourcing of geospatial data should be considered (e.g., volunteer geographic information) in conjunction with growing trends and advancements in technology (e.g., geosensor networks). Through such data integration and analysis we can then create a benchmark for determining the most suitable methods for mapping slums in a given locality, thus fostering the creation of new approaches to address this challenge.
Utilizing geospatial analysis of U.S. Census data for studying the dynamics o...Toni Menninger
Geographically referenced US census data provide a large amount of information about the extent of urbanization and land consumption. Population count, the number of housing units and their vacancy rates, and demographic and economic parameters such as racial composition and household income, and their change over time, can be examined at different levels of geographic resolution to observe patterns of urban flight, suburbanization, reurbanization, and sprawl. This paper will review the literature on prior application of census data in a geospatial setting. It will identify strengths and weaknesses and address methodological challenges of census-based approaches to the study of urbanization. To this end, a detailed overview of the geographic structure of U.S. Census data and its evolution is provided. Ecological Fallacies and the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) are discussed and the Population Weighted Density as a more robust alternative to crude population density is introduced. Of special interest will be literature comparing and/or integrating census data with alternative methodologies, e.g. based on Remote Sensing. The general purpose of this paper is to lay the groundwork for the optimal use of high resolution census data in studying urbanization in the United States.
Keywords
Sprawl, Urban sprawl, City, Population Density, Population Weighted Density, Census, US Census, Census Geographies, Urbanization, Suburbanization, Urban flight, Reurbanization, Land Consumption, Land Use, Land Use Efficiency, LULC, Remote Sensing, Geospatial Analysis, GIS, Growth, Urban Growth, Spatial Distribution of Population, City Limits, Urban Extent, Built Environment, Urban Form, Areal Interpolation, Scale, Spatial Scale, Longitudinal Study, Dasymmetric Mapping, Ecological Fallacy, MAUP, Modifiable Areal Unit Problem, Metrics
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This document discusses incorporating geographic concepts into elementary classroom instruction. It provides examples of key geographic concepts and terms that could be addressed, such as place, climate, maps, and human-environment interaction. Suggestions are given for using maps and other representations to teach relationships between location and environmental characteristics. The document also discusses how literacy instruction can highlight the significance of place by identifying geographic concepts in texts and asking text-dependent questions. Additional resources are shared for using primary sources and digital maps to support student inquiry into claims about different regions of the United States. Teachers are encouraged to think about how these strategies and resources could strengthen spatial thinking in their own teaching.
Using Satellite Imagery To Better Plan, Monitor and Measure Interventions UN Global Pulse
An information brief by the UN Innovation Network (UNIN) which provides an introduction to satellite imagery and highlights how different UN Agencies are already using satellite imagery in their work, incl. monitoring water quality, creating population maps, mapping schools, and monitoring asset and engineering projects.
Remote sensing utilizes satellite, airborne, and portable sensor technology to allow in situ data collection and analysis from any location through online platforms. This provides benefits for medicine, industry, disaster relief and more. For example, sensors can remotely monitor health and automatically trigger medical responses. Emerging technologies also use historical remote sensing data to predict flood risks and guide emergency preparations. However, increased surveillance has privacy implications that require consideration. Overall, remote sensing advances outweigh disadvantages by accelerating research and problem-solving.
This document outlines Andrew Crooks' research using GIS and agent-based modeling to study various social and environmental problems. It provides examples of applications including modeling border security, disease spread, refugee camps, slum formation, and wildfire evacuations. New sources of crowdsourced data from social media and the internet are discussed as a way to supplement traditional data and obtain near real-time information to inform models. The integration of GIS and agent-based modeling is presented as a way to explore complex systems and human behaviors at fine spatial and temporal scales.
Similar to Storyboard Miraikan Sorting Out Cities (20)
This document discusses the experience of data and materiality through indexical design. It explores how images and visualizations can help build knowledge by not just representing data symbolically, but also showing causal relationships and physical evidence through indexical traces. Examples are given of data visualizations that function indexically by framing phenomena, ambient displays that can be read like traces, and citizen science projects that establish physical evidence. The document examines how traces connect representational practices to the physical world and are discovered through the act of reading them, sitting at the intersection of meaning and materiality.
A case for accountability-oriented design - keynote 2016 design and the cityDietmar Offenhuber
This document discusses accountability-oriented design, which calls attention to issues of governance and shapes public discourse through managing visibility. Accountability-oriented design makes systems more legible and acknowledges its own limitations. It can collect data, coordinate volunteers, and spread messages to ask hard questions. Examples discussed include technologies that track waste collection and provide public WiFi while also sensing urban data. The document argues accountability-oriented design does not explain but shows to facilitate discussion about limiting opacity through transparency in systems and infrastructure.
Sticky Data and Superstitious Patterns: Visualization beyond CognitivismDietmar Offenhuber
This document discusses three paradigms of human-computer interaction (HCI):
1) Interaction as man-machine coupling, focusing on fixing problems in interaction and improving efficiency.
2) Interaction as information communication, focusing on accurate information transfer and addressing mismatches.
3) Interaction as phenomenologically situated, focusing on supporting existing situated activities without constraining interaction, and considering politics and values in design.
The pigeon in the haystack - design before and after the factDietmar Offenhuber
The document discusses several topics related to bias, including how big data allows finding patterns where none exist, how quantitative models impose legibility on society, examples of spurious correlations, implicit assumptions shaped by design, and how interfaces regulate behavior. It also references works about superstition in pigeons, urban entropy, sorting cities, and the perceptual form of cities.
This document discusses civic technologies and the different forms of civic participation they can enable. It explores whether civic technologies are scientific, activist, libertarian, or aimed at deliberation. It examines participation as compliance, feedback, monitoring, and co-governance using examples like trash tracking. However, it also notes participation is not always positive and can burden citizens or individualize responsibility. It discusses emerging forms of accountability through ambient or outcome-focused means. In closing, it lists related books on urban data, accountability technologies, and decoding cities with big data.
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All the images mentioned in 'See What You're Missing'
Storyboard Miraikan Sorting Out Cities
1. Sorting Out Cities
Storyboard
Dietmar Offenhuber, Northeastern University
Ars Electronica Futurelab
!
Animation for the Miraikan Museum, Odaiba, Tokyo
Geo-cosmos at the Miraikan Museum
2. in
out
The sequence starts with a bar-chart
wrapped around the globe that shows how
the land mass is distributed: Ice and desert;
cities; grassland, cropland and savanna;
forests and wetlands. The bar chart
transforms into a map of the earth, showing
how these portions are distributed around the
earth, then moves back into the bar chart. At
the end of the sequence, only the cities
cluster remains and turns into a yellow
circle.Cities are highlighted in yellow.
3. in
out
Cities occupy 3% of the earth’s land
surface. If all urban areas would be
combined in one large city, it would be
slightly larger than the size of Europe,
or about half the size of Brazil.
4. Data sources
MODIS 500-m map of global urban extent — Center for Sustainability and the Global
Environment (SAGE), University of Wisconsin-Madison h"p://sage.wisc.edu/people/schneider/
research/data_readme.html
!
Schneider, A., M. A. Friedl and D. Potere (2009) A new map of global urban extent from MODIS
data. Environmental
Research
Le2ers, volume 4, article 044003.
!
Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University,
International Food Policy Research Institute - IFPRI, The World Bank, and Centro Internacional de
Agricultura Tropical - CIAT. 2011. Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPv1):
Urban Extents Grid. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center
(SEDAC). h"p://dx.doi.org/10.7927/H4GH9FVG
Balk, D.L., U. Deichmann, G. Yetman, F. Pozzi, S. I. Hay, and A. Nelson. 2006. Determining
Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data. Advances in Parasitology
62:119-156. h"p://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-‐308X(05)62004-‐0.
!
The dataset used in the animation is a composite of both data sources, downsampled (nearest
neighbor) to a grid resolution of 500x250.
5. in
out
Two clusters of moving dots appear,
representing the part of the global
population that lives in urban and rural
areas. After a while, the two populations
form a global population map made of dots
of different diameters, representing the
number of people who live in the respective
spatial unit.
6. in
out
53% of the global population lives in cities;
the city cluster is slightly larger than the rural
cluster. We also see (in the map, but
especially in the histogram), that more than
half of the global population lives in Southeast
Asia.
7. Data sources
Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia
University. 2014. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4):
Population Count. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications
Center (SEDAC). h"p://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-‐v4-‐populaMon-‐count.
8. in
out
“Cities are located in different climate zones”
The section starts with an animation of the
monthly precipitation over the land mass. The
rainfall animation blends into a map of the
global water footprint, overlaid over the
population map. The relevant water footprint
index here is the amount of fresh water used
in production (including agriculture and
industry).
9. in
out
We see that more cities are in relatively
moderate climates. We see that in the
western part of the world, more water is used
in production relative to the population
density compared to the rest of the world.
10. Data sources
GPCC Precipitation Normals Version 2010, Global Precipitation Climatology
Centre (GPCC), Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach a. M., Germany
Np://Np-‐anon.dwd.de/pub/data/gpcc/html/gpcc_normals_download.html
!
Water footprints of national production (1996-2005). h"p://
www.waterfootprint.org/?page=files/WaterStat-‐NaMonalWaterFootprints
Hoekstra, A.Y. and Mekonnen, M.M. (2012) The water footprint of humanity,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(9): 3232–3237
11. in
out
“90% of the Earth’s land surface can be
reached from a large city within 2 days”
This section shows a map of the world
colored according to the travel time from a
large city to the respective point on the map.
The animation starts with yellow dots (around
urban areas = areas accessible in less than
an hour), blending into red dots (rural areas =
areas accessible in 1-2 hours), and then
ending with black dots (remote areas = areas
accessible in more than 2 days). When the
map is complete, all landmass blends
together and shows a uniform area sorted by
color.
12. in
out
We see that over 90% of the land mass is
accessible in less than two days from a major
city [6]. Remote areas can be located around
the Sahara desert, the Himalaya Mountains,
Greenland and the Amazonian rainforest. In
the densely populated areas, cities can be
reached from most places in minutes rather
than hours.
13. Data sources
Travel time to major cities: A global map of Accessibility, A. Nelson, Global
Environment Monitoring Unit – Joint Research Center (JRC), European
Commission h"p://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/gam/index.htm
!
Uchida, H. and Nelson, A. Agglomeration Index: Towards a New Measure of
Urban Concentration. Background paper for the World Bank’s World
Development Report 2009.
14. in
out
“people move between cities”
Starting from our familiar world map,
connecting curves start to emerge between
countries, representing the most significant
migration streams (. The width of the curve
corresponds to the number of migrants. The
curves are bundled together rather than
straight connections, to make the hierarchical
nature of connections links easier to read (for
example, the curves from the same
continents and regions are bundled together).
During the past 25 years, Japanese citizens
emigrated to the USA, Brunei, Australia, and
Canada and Brazil. Japan received
immigration from China, South Korea, Brazil,
the Philippines and Peru.
15. Data sources
Abel & Sander (2014). Quantifying Global International Migration Flows.
Science, 343 (6178).
Abel (2013). Estimating global migration flow tables using place of birth data.
Demographic Research 28(18):505-546.
http://www.global-migration.info
!
The centroid for the flow vectors has been calculated for each country using the
population center of gravity derived from the GRUMP dataset (2).
16. in
out
The 20 largest cities in the year 2030. 10 of
them, including the 4 largest, will be in Asia.
Only 1 of them in Europe, only 2 in North
America. Tokyo remains the world’s largest
city.
An animation introducing the largest urban
clusters in the year 2030, according to
current forecasts by the UN. The animation
concludes with the statement that in the year
2050, two thirds of the world’s population will
live in cities.
17. Data sources
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA),
Population Division special updated estimates of urban population as of October
2011, consistent with World Population Prospects: The 2010 revision and World
Urbanization Prospects: The 2009 revision.
!
http://esa.un.org/wpp/documentation/WPP%202010%20publications.htm