ប្រវត្តិព្រះអសីតិមហាសាវ័ក ភាគ១

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RbvtiþRB¼GsItimhasavk 80 rUb
RBHezr;TaMg 80 rUb manRBHGBa¦aekaNÐJ¦; RBHsarIbutþ RBHmha
emaK<løanCaedIm suTÆswgEtCamhasavkEdlmanCMnajÉkeTs Edl
KµanGñkdéTRbdUc:n :lIehAza ÉtTKÉtTKÉtTKÉtTK<;<;<;<; KWkardl´PaBCakMBUlrbs´Pik¡ú
mYyrUb> dUcCaRBHGBa¦aekaNÐJ¦;CakMBUlxag:nbYsmuneK nig:nRtas´
dwgZm(muneK RBHsarIbutþCakMBUlxagmanbBa¦aKµansavkNapÞwm RBHmha
emaK<løanCakMBUlxag#TiÆKµansavkNaesIµ y¨agenHCaedIm .
dUecñHmhasavkrbs´RBHbrmRKÚéneyIgman 80 rUb dUcmanRBHnam
rbs´elakxageRkamenH KW ;
1111---- RBHGBa¦aekaNÐBa¦;RBHGBa¦aekaNÐBa¦;RBHGBa¦aekaNÐBa¦;RBHGBa¦aekaNÐBa¦; 2222---- RBHsarIbutþRBHsarIbutþRBHsarIbutþRBHsarIbutþ
3333---- RBHeRBHeRBHeRBHemaK<løanmaK<løanmaK<løanmaK<løan 4444---- RBHksSb;RBHksSb;RBHksSb;RBHksSb;
5555---- RBHGnuruTÆRBHGnuruTÆRBHGnuruTÆRBHGnuruTÆ 6666---- RBHPTiÞykaLieKaZaybuRtRBHPTiÞykaLieKaZaybuRtRBHPTiÞykaLieKaZaybuRtRBHPTiÞykaLieKaZaybuRt
7777---- RBHlkuNþkPTiÞy;RBHlkuNþkPTiÞy;RBHlkuNþkPTiÞy;RBHlkuNþkPTiÞy; 8888---- RBHbieNÐalParTVaC;RBHbieNÐalParTVaC;RBHbieNÐalParTVaC;RBHbieNÐalParTVaC;
9999---- RBHbuNÑmnþanIbutþRBHbuNÑmnþanIbutþRBHbuNÑmnþanIbutþRBHbuNÑmnþanIbutþ 10101010---- RBHmhakc©ayn;RBHmhakc©ayn;RBHmhakc©ayn;RBHmhakc©ayn;
11111111---- RBHcULbnæk;RBHcULbnæk;RBHcULbnæk;RBHcULbnæk; 12121212---- RBHmhabnæk;RBHmhabnæk;RBHmhabnæk;RBHmhabnæk;
13131313---- RBHsuPUtiRBHsuPUtiRBHsuPUtiRBHsuPUti 14141414---- RBHervtxTirvniy;RBHervtxTirvniy;RBHervtxTirvniy;RBHervtxTirvniy;
15151515---- RBHkg¡aervt;RBHkg¡aervt;RBHkg¡aervt;RBHkg¡aervt; 16161616---- RBHesaNekaRBHesaNekaRBHesaNekaRBHesaNekalivis;livis;livis;livis;
17171717---- RBHesaNkudikNÑ;RBHesaNkudikNÑ;RBHesaNkudikNÑ;RBHesaNkudikNÑ; 18181818---- RBHsIvlIRBHsIvlIRBHsIvlIRBHsIvlI
19191919---- RBHvk,liRBHvk,liRBHvk,liRBHvk,li 20202020---- RBHrahulRBHrahulRBHrahulRBHrahul

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21212121---- RBHrdð:lRBHrdð:lRBHrdð:lRBHrdð:l 22222222---- RBHkuNÐZanRBHkuNÐZanRBHkuNÐZanRBHkuNÐZan
23232323---- RBHvg<Is;RBHvg<Is;RBHvg<Is;RBHvg<Is; 24242424---- RBHóbesnvg<nþbutþRBHóbesnvg<nþbutþRBHóbesnvg<nþbutþRBHóbesnvg<nþbutþ
25252525---- RBHTBVmløbutþRBHTBVmløbutþRBHTBVmløbutþRBHTBVmløbutþ 26262626---- RBHbilinÞvcä;RBHbilinÞvcä;RBHbilinÞvcä;RBHbilinÞvcä;
27272727---- RBHJhiyTarucIriy;RBHJhiyTarucIriy;RBHJhiyTarucIriy;RBHJhiyTarucIriy; 28282828---- RBHkumarksSb;RBHkumarksSb;RBHkumarksSb;RBHkumarksSb;
29292929---- RBHmhaekadiðt;RBHmhaekadiðt;RBHmhaekadiðt;RBHmhaekadiðt; 30303030---- RBHGanRBHGanRBHGanRBHGannÞnÞnÞnÞ
31313131---- RBHóruevlksSb;RBHóruevlksSb;RBHóruevlksSb;RBHóruevlksSb; 32323232---- RBHkaLúTayIRBHkaLúTayIRBHkaLúTayIRBHkaLúTayI
33333333---- RBHBakul;RBHBakul;RBHBakul;RBHBakul; 34343434---- RBHesaPit;RBHesaPit;RBHesaPit;RBHesaPit;
35353535---- RBHó:liRBHó:liRBHó:liRBHó:li 36363636---- RBHnnÞk;RBHnnÞk;RBHnnÞk;RBHnnÞk;
37373737---- RBHnnÞskü;RBHnnÞskü;RBHnnÞskü;RBHnnÞskü; 38383838---- RBHmhakbinRBHmhakbinRBHmhakbinRBHmhakbin
39393939---- RBHsaKt;RBHsaKt;RBHsaKt;RBHsaKt; 40404040---- RBHraZ;RBHraZ;RBHraZ;RBHraZ;
41414141---- RBHemaXraCRBHemaXraCRBHemaXraCRBHemaXraC 42424242---- RBHmhanamRBHmhanamRBHmhanamRBHmhanam
43434343---- RBHGsSCiRBHGsSCiRBHGsSCiRBHGsSCi 44444444---- RBHysRBHysRBHysRBHys
45454545---- RBHvimlRBHvimlRBHvimlRBHviml 46464646---- RBHsuBahuRBHsuBahuRBHsuBahuRBHsuBahu
47474747---- RBHbuNÑCiRBHbuNÑCiRBHbuNÑCiRBHbuNÑCi 48484848---- RBHKvm|tiRBHKvm|tiRBHKvm|tiRBHKvm|ti
49494949---- RBHnTIksSb;RBHnTIksSb;RBHnTIksSb;RBHnTIksSb; 50505050---- RBHKyaksSb;RBHKyaksSb;RBHKyaksSb;RBHKyaksSb;
51515151---- RBHPK<úRBHPK<úRBHPK<úRBHPK<ú 52525252---- RBHkim¬il;RBHkim¬il;RBHkim¬il;RBHkim¬il;
53535353---- RBHmhacunÞRBHmhacunÞRBHmhacunÞRBHmhacunÞ 54545454---- RBHGCit;RBHGCit;RBHGCit;RBHGCit;
55555555---- RBHtisSemetþyüRBHtisSemetþyüRBHtisSemetþyüRBHtisSemetþyü 56565656---- RBHbuNÑk;RBHbuNÑk;RBHbuNÑk;RBHbuNÑk;
57575757---- RBHemtþKURBHemtþKURBHemtþKURBHemtþKU 58585858---- RBHeZatk;RBHeZatk;RBHeZatk;RBHeZatk;

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59595959---- RBHóbsIv;RBHóbsIv;RBHóbsIv;RBHóbsIv; 60606060---- RBHnnÞketærRBHnnÞketærRBHnnÞketærRBHnnÞketær
61616161---- RBHehmk;RBHehmk;RBHehmk;RBHehmk; 62626262---- RBHeRBHeRBHeRBHetaeTyütaeTyütaeTyütaeTyü
63636363---- RBHkb|;RBHkb|;RBHkb|;RBHkb|; 64646464---- RBHCtukNIÑRBHCtukNIÑRBHCtukNIÑRBHCtukNIÑ
65656565---- RBHPRTavuZRBHPRTavuZRBHPRTavuZRBHPRTavuZ 66666666---- RBHóTyetærRBHóTyetærRBHóTyetærRBHóTyetær
67676767---- RBHe:sal;RBHe:sal;RBHe:sal;RBHe:sal; 68686868---- RBHbig<iy;RBHbig<iy;RBHbig<iy;RBHbig<iy;
69696969---- RBHnaKit;RBHnaKit;RBHnaKit;RBHnaKit; 70707070---- RBHnalk;RBHnalk;RBHnalk;RBHnalk;
71717171---- RBHbuNÑ;RBHbuNÑ;RBHbuNÑ;RBHbuNÑ; 72727272---- RBHemXiy;RBHemXiy;RBHemXiy;RBHemXiy;
73737373---- RBHyesaC;RBHyesaC;RBHyesaC;RBHyesaC; 74747474---- RBHsPiy;RBHsPiy;RBHsPiy;RBHsPiy;
75757575---- RBHesl;RBHesl;RBHesl;RBHesl; 76767676---- RBHóTayIRBHóTayIRBHóTayIRBHóTayI
77777777---- RBHóbvaN;RBHóbvaN;RBHóbvaN;RBHóbvaN; 78787878---- RBHGRBHGRBHGRBHGg<úlimal¾g<úlimal¾g<úlimal¾g<úlimal¾
79797979---- RBHvb|;RBHvb|;RBHvb|;RBHvb|; 80808080---- RBHPTÞiy; .RBHPTÞiy; .RBHPTÞiy; .RBHPTÞiy; .
RBHezr;TaMgGsénHrabćUlCamhasavk KWsavkd*ZM savkd*eqñIm
CasavkEdlman«TiÆBlkñúgkarpSBVpSay RBHBuTÆsasnarbs´RBHmanRBH
PaKbrmRKÚéneyIg . BYkPik¡úsm&yBuTÆkal eBlNapþaMepIedIm|IzVaybgM<
RBHmanRBHPaKehIy k*EtgpþaMedIm|IzVaybg<MnUv:TaénGsItimhasavkpg
Edr dUecñHBaküzamhasavk ßGsItimhasavk Etg:nRCÜtRCabeTAkñúg
RsTab´énBuTÆbris&TkñúgyuKsm&yenaH eTaHbIRBHezr;rUbxøHmin:nCab´tam
RBHmanRBHPaKRKbéBlk*eday EtkitiþKuNrbsélakminsáat´kM:MgeLIy
Etg:nx©rx©ayeTAkñúgBBYkmnusS eTvta mar RBhµ RKhsæ bBVCit RKb´
RsTab´vNÑ; büEnþ«LÚvenH RBHnamRBHezr;xøHBuTÆbris&TesIÞrEtElgs<al´

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eTAehIy dUecñHxúMRBHkruNaxitxMsVHEsVgrkKm¬Irk|Ünc|abépSg> Edler[b
rab´GMBIRbvtiþrbsélak ykmkcgRkgCaes[vePAenHeLIg Edler[brab´
tamlMdab´RBHnaménRBHezr; edaydkRsg´BIKm¬IrepSg> tamEdlmanmk
Rsab´ dUcCa vin&ybidk nigGdðkza sutþbidk nigGdðkza GPiZmµbidk nig
Gdðkza ykmkCaeKal cMENkesckIþBisþar GñksikSaRtÚvkarRsavRCav
bBa¢ak´bEnæm k*RtÚvtamdanrkemIltameQµaHKm¬Ir nigcMNucEdlcgÁúl
R:b´ xúMRBHkruNasg¹wmza GñkGanes[vePAenHnwgEsVgrkKm¬IredIm edIm|I
oCakć|as´BuMxaneLIy .

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CIvRbvtþiRB¼GBaØaekaNÐBaØetSr 
CIvRbvtþirbs´RBHGrhnþsavkGñk:nlMdabĆasavkTI 1 kñúgRBH-
BuTÆsasnaenH RtÚv:neTAelIRBHGBa¦aekaNÐBa¦etær eRJHmaneCaKCaTI 1
eRcInRbkarkñúgGtþPaBenH EdlPik¡údéTrk:nedaykRm eRJHbuK<lmYyrUb
:nTTYlkarelIktem,IgeRcInyäg .
KWPav;CakMBUlrbsélak :ndl´karTayKtirbs´RBHsiTÆtæraC-
kumar zamanKtiEtmüäg KWesþcRTgécjsagpñÜs minEmnCaGñkRKb´RKg
pÞH mYyeT[tkarseRmccitþecjbYstamRBHbrmeJZistV kar:nsþab´
bfmeTsna KWkarsEmþgZm(CadMbUg TaMg:nseRmcGriyZm( kar:nCa
bfmsavk KWsavkmuneK nigkar:nTTYlEtgtaMgGMBIRBHmanRBHPaKza
CaÉtTK<; xagmanvsSacasĆageK ²rtJ¦ÚnM yTiTM GJ¦aekaNÐeJ¦a³²rtJ¦ÚnM yTiTM GJ¦aekaNÐeJ¦a³²rtJ¦ÚnM yTiTM GJ¦aekaNÐeJ¦a³²rtJ¦ÚnM yTiTM GJ¦aekaNÐeJ¦a³ .
kñúgGdðkzamenarzbUrNI EdlGZib|ayesckIþénKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay
Ékni:t nigkñúgGdðkza Km¬IrbrmtæTIbnI GZib|ay:lIénKm¬IrxuTÞknikay
ezrKaza manesckIþza RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær ekItCabuRtrbs´RJhµN
mhasal kñúgRJhµNRKameQµaHza ²eTaNvtæú³²eTaNvtæú³²eTaNvtæú³²eTaNvtæú³ EdlenACitnwgRkúg
kbilBsþú BIedImeLIyelakmaneQµaHza ²ekaNÐJ¦;³²ekaNÐJ¦;³²ekaNÐJ¦;³²ekaNÐJ¦;³ kalelakman
v&yvD¿nakarceRmIneLIg :nsikSaviC¢aecHcb´éRtevT RBmTaMger[nmnþ-
lk¡N; KWtRmaTaylk¡N; ßkñúgsm&yenH ehAzatRma ²nrlk¡N¾³²nrlk¡N¾³²nrlk¡N¾³²nrlk¡N¾³ KW
k|ÜntRmaemIllk¡N;mnusS viC¢aTaylk¡N;enHÉg CaviC¢aCYyoelak
:nTTYlkarGeJ¢IjrYmCamYyRJhµN¾ 107 nak´ cUleTAkñúgRBHraCvaMg

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rbs´RBH:TsirIsueTÆaTnmharaC kñúgRKaEdlRBHeBaZistVRbsUtehIy
:nRbmaN 5 ézá RBH:TsueTÆaTnmharaC manRBHraCbJ¢aoGeJ¢Ij
RJhµN¾mk 108 nak´ edIm|ITMnukbRmúgmZu:yasmanTwktic kñúgézáTay
RBHlk¡N; nigzVayRBHnamtamraCRbéBNI luHTMnukbRmugGahareRsc
ehIy eRCIserIsRJhµN¾EdlQøasévkñúgkaremIlRBHlk¡N; kñúg
cMeNamRJhµN¾TaMg 108 enaH eRCIserIsykRtwmEt 8 nak´ buëNÑaH
Edl:nTTYlkitþiys oCaGñkTsSn¾TayRBHlk¡N;RBHeJZistV-
siTÆtæraCkumar .
RJhµN¾TaMg 8 nak´ maneQµaHtamEdlR:kdkñúgGdðkzaCatk
GviTUerniTan énRJhµNkza za 1111---- rama 2rama 2rama 2rama 2---- ZC; 3ZC; 3ZC; 3ZC; 3---- lk¡N; 4lk¡N; 4lk¡N; 4lk¡N; 4----
suCatimnþI 5suCatimnþI 5suCatimnþI 5suCatimnþI 5---- ePaC; 6ePaC; 6ePaC; 6ePaC; 6---- suyam; 7suyam; 7suyam; 7suyam; 7---- suTtþ; 8suTtþ; 8suTtþ; 8suTtþ; 8---- ekaNÐJ¦;ekaNÐJ¦;ekaNÐJ¦;ekaNÐJ¦;
cMENkkñúgbfmeJZikza nigGdðkzasartæbkasinI k*mansEmþgEdr ²Et
mankarxusKñaedayeQµaHxøH>³ .
kñúgcMnYnRJhµN¾ 8 nak´ Edl:neRCIserIsTukenaH manekaNÐJ¦-
RJhµN¾ CaRJhµN¾EdlenAekµgCageKTaMgGs´ nigqøatQøasCageK
kaleRCIserIsRJhµN¾GñkBicarNaemIllk¡N; GeJ¢IjoeLIgeTA
Gg<úyelIGasn;kñúgépÞRBHeragehIy eTIbtakÉtgRBHeJZistVsiTÆtæraC-
kumaropÞMúelIsMBt´km¬lyäglÁ ehIynaMecjmkedIm|IoRJhµN¾TaMg 8
nak´ :nBicarNaemIlRBHlk¡N; nigTayo:ndwgza etIlÁ ßGaRkk´
yägNa /
RJhµN¾TaMg 8 nak´ BinitüemIlRBHlk¡N;rbs´mhabursehIy

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RJhµN¾ 7 nakélIkRmamédeLIg 2 eRBaHza eXIjmanKti 2 yäg
edayRkabbg<MTUlTayza ebIRBHraCkumarenHenAesayraCsm|tþi nwg
:nCaesþccRkBtþi ebIesþcecjbBVC¢a nwg:nRtasĆaRBHsmµa-
sm¬úTÆCam©as´ rIÉekaNÐJ¦RJhµN¾eXIjmanRKb´tamtRmalk¡N;rbs´
mhaburs nigBicarNadl´TIkEnøgEdlRTg´RbsUt yléXIjza Canimiµt
énkarecjbYs edayekaNÐJ¦;:nksagbuNü:rmIRKb´bribUN(ehIy
eZVIoelakmanbJ¦aBicarNaeXIjKtiEtmüägrbs´RBHeJZistV eTIbelIk
RmamédEtmYyeLIg Rkabbg<MTUlTayza RBHlk¡N;d*RbesIrdUecñH min
EmnCalk¡N;rbs´GñkenARKb´RKgpÞH RBHraCkumarenHnwgecj
bBVC¢a:nRtasĆaRBHsmµasm¬úTÆedayBitR:kd BaküTayrbs´
ekaNÐJ¦; minmanRJhµN¾Namñak´h)anCMTaséLIy .
kalBYkRJhµN¾RtLb´mkpÞHer[g>xøÜn k*:npþaMkUn > rbs´xøÜnza
kUneGIyÓBukcaséhIy nwgmanCIvitrsénAmin:nyUr nwgminTanéXIj
RBHraCOrsRBH:TsueTÆaTnmharaC Edlnwg:nseRmcsBVJ¦útJ¦aN
dUecñHebIRBHraCkumarenaHRTg´:nRtasĆaRBHsmµasm¬úTÆehIy BYkkUn > cUr
bYskñúgsasnarbs´RBHGg<cuH .
cMENkRBH:TsueTÆaTnmharaCRTg´sþab´TMnaydUecñaHehIy eTIb
RTg´TMnukbMrugRBHeJZistVsiTÆtækumaryäglÁéRkElg eZVIoRBHsiTÆtækumar
:nesaysm|tiþdUcCaeTvbutþ eRJHmanR:saTKgénA 3 xñg sRmab´ 3
rdUv manBYkRsIsñMrgćaMKal´bMerIRKbéBl eZIVdUecñHeRJHRBH:TsueTÆaTn-
mharaCRTg´R:zñaoRBHsiTÆtækumarenAesayraCüsm|tþiCaesþccRkBti .

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cMENk RBHsiTÆtækumar RTg´maneRK}góbePaKbriePaK nigRBHsñMyägeRcIn
:nceRmInv&yZMeLIgCalMdab´ JaNk*cas´køapgEdr RTg´:neXIjeTas
kñúgkam nigeXIjGanisgSkñúgenk¡mµ; KWkarecjcakkam eTIbRTgýag
ecjbYskñúgqñaMEdlmanRBHCnµ 29 vsSa RtÚvRtg´ézáEdlRBHrahulkumar
RbsUt RBHGg<RTg´kat´RBHT&yecjbBVC¢aedaymanqnñGamatüCaCMnit
esþceLIgKgésHkNðk;ecjcakRBHnKreTA rMlgraCGaNacRk 3 Rb-
eTskñúgmYyraRtIbüeNÑaH ehIyRTg´bYsEk|rmat´sÞwgGenama eday:n
TTYlTgĆ&yRBHGrhnþEdlXdikamhaRBhµykmkzVay RBHGg<RTg´man
criyadUcCaRBHezr;manvsSa 100 qñaMehIydUecñaH RBHGg<yageTAkan´Rkúg
raCRKwHeday«riyabzd*KYroRCHzøa nigRtac´biNÐ:tkñúgRkúgraCRKwHenaH
rYceTAesayRBHRkyaharenAjkPñMbNÐv; .
rIÉRBH:TBim¬isar RBHraCaénmK<Zrdð RTg´RCabeTIbyageTAbbYl
edIm|IoesayraCsm|tiþ EtRBHGg<RTg´bdiesZ ehIyesþcyagbnþeTA
rhUtdlĆnbTóruevlaesnaniKm RTg´sBVRBHT&ykñúgPUmiPaKenaHza sm-
KYrCaTIR:rBÆesckIþBüayam eTIbRTg´GaRs&yenATIenaH .
kñúgRKaenaH RJhµN¾TaMg 7 nak´ ev[rEtekaNÐJ¦;ecj:nsøabéTA
tamyzakmµer[g>xøÜn minmanOkas:nCYbRBHeJZistV KWGñknwg:n
Rtas´dwgCaRBHsmµasm¬úTÆ dUcEdlKat´:npþaMkUn>rbs´xøÜnTuk . cMENk
ekaNÐJ¦;EdlTayRBHlk¡N;rbs´RBHmhabursenaH minmaneraKaeb[t-
eb[n mankartaMgcitþTukyägmWugmat´za RtÚvEtecjbYstamRBHmhaburs
o:n kaldwgdMNwgzaRBHmhabursesþcecjbYsehIy eTIbeTArkBYk

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buRtrbs´RJhµN¾TaMgenaH nigR:bódwgza RBHsiTÆtæraCkumaresþcRTg´
pñÜsehIy RBHsiTÆtæraCkumarenaHnwg:nRtas´dwgCaRBHsmµasm¬úTÆ eday
KµansgS&y enHebIÓBukrbs´BYkGñkenAmanCIvitrsénA>eLIy nwgecjbYs
kñúgézáenHÉg dUecñHebIBYkGñkmanbMNgnwgbYs k*cUrbYstamRBHmha
bursenaHcuH .
buRtrbs´BYkRJhµN¾TaMg 7 nak´ enaHminGaceZVIqnÞ;odUcKña:n
KWmanGñkminRBmecjbYs 3 nak´ É 4 nakéT[t KW vb|; PTÞiy; mha
nam nigGsSCi RBmecjbYstamekaNÐJ¦;CaRbZan eTIbrYmKñaCa 5 nak´
ehAza bBa©vKI<y¾bBa©vKI<y¾bBa©vKI<y¾bBa©vKI<y¾ . bBVCitTaMg 5 nak´ manekaNÐJ¦bBVCitCaedIm naMKña
Rtac´sVHEsVgrkRBHmhaburstamRsúk niKmCnbTraCZanITaMgLay
edayreb[bPik¡acar ²Rtac´biNÐ:t³ tamRbéBNIrbs´GñkbYs rhUtdl´
TIRbzab´KgénArbs´RBHmhaburs nigsUmGnuJ¦atenAkñúgsMNak´rbs´RBH
Gg<edIm|IeZVIvtþbdibtþibMerI eZVIdUecñHedaysg¹wmza ebIRBHmhaburs:n
seRmcZm(BiessNa k*nwgRTgéTsna TUnµanZm(BiessenaHodl´BYk
eyIg:nseRmcpgEdr .
kareZIVvtþbdibtiþedayykcitþTukdak´Bit> rbs´BYkbBVCitbJ©vK<Iy¾
cMeBaHRBHmhaburs EdlRTg´kMBugeZVITuk,rkiriyaGs´ 6 vsSa edaysg¹wm
zanwg:nRtas´dwgCaRBHsmµasm¬úTÆkñúgeBlqab´>enH . EtkalRBHmha-
bursRTgéZVITuk,rkiriya edayviZIepSg> dUcCa mankaresayRBHRkyahar
zycuHbnþicmþg> rhUtmYyézáesayEtbu¨nRKab´lá k*enAEtmin:nRtas´dwg
eTIbRTg´BicarNaeXIjkareZVI ²GtþkilmzanueyaK³²GtþkilmzanueyaK³²GtþkilmzanueyaK³²GtþkilmzanueyaK³ KWkareZVIxøÜnolM:k

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ßkareZVIBüayamtwgrwghYseBk minEmnCapøÚvénkarRtas´dwgnUvGriyZm(
eTIbRTg´lHbgécal ehIyRtLb´mkesaycgØan´tamRbRktIvij .
eBlRBHmhabursRtLb´mkesaycgØan´tamRbRktIvij Caehtuo
BYkbBVCitbJ©vKI<y¾ manekaNÐJ¦;CaedImyl´za RBHmhaburslHbg´
esckIþBüayamvilmkCaGñkR:zñaeRcInehIy k*GsésckIþRCHzøa ekItkar
en}yNaycMeBaHvtþbdibtþi eTIbnaMKñalHbg´RBHmhaburs eKceTAenAéRB
«sibtnmiKTayv&nEk|rRkúgBaraNsI. RKaenaH RBHmhabursesaycgØan´
tamRbRktI eZVIoRBHkayeBjeljeLIgkñúgsPaBrwgbuwg nig:nesay
cg$an´d*RbNItEdlnagsuCatazVaykñúgézáeBjbUN(mI Exvisax RBHGg<RTg´
R:rBÆBüayampøÚvcitþrhUt:nRtas´dwg ²Gnutþrsmµasem¬aZijaN³²Gnutþrsmµasem¬aZijaN³²Gnutþrsmµasem¬aZijaN³²Gnutþrsmµasem¬aZijaN³ eT[b
KléJZiRBwkS Ek|rswÞgenrJ¢ra kñúgCnbTóruevlaesnaniKm naraRtIézá
²visaxbuNÑmI³²visaxbuNÑmI³²visaxbuNÑmI³²visaxbuNÑmI³ KWézá 15 ekIt Exvisax EdlehAza ézávisaxbUCaézávisaxbUCaézávisaxbUCaézávisaxbUCa .
eRkaykarRtas´dwgehIy RBHGg<RTg´Kg´BicarNaZm(EdlCakar
esayvimutþisux KWsuxEdlekItGMBIkarputcakTuk¡ RTg´GaRs&yenAkñúgTI
epSg> kñúgbrievNmNÐledImeJZiRBwkSenaHGs´ 7 s:þh¾ nigyagRt-
Lb´mkKgéRkamedImGC:lnieRKaZmYyelIkeT[t RTg´BicarNanUvCeRmA
énRBHsTÆmµ RTgéXIjzaCaZm(eRCAnwgmingaymanGñkRtas´dwgtam:n
RTg´RBHtRmiHzanwgminRTg´sEmþgZm(dl´GñkNaeLIy . mhaRBhµRCab
RBHtRmiHenaH eTIbcuHmkKal´RkabTUlGaraZnaoRTg´sEmþgZm(eR:s
stVelak ehIyRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´TTYlkarRkabTUlGaraZnarbs´mha
RBhµenaH .

- 11 -
maner}gR:kdkñúg:lImhavK<maner}gR:kdkñúg:lImhavK<maner}gR:kdkñúg:lImhavK<maner}gR:kdkñúg:lImhavK< RBHvin&ybidkRBHvin&ybidkRBHvin&ybidkRBHvin&ybidk manesckIzamanesckIzamanesckIzamanesckIza
RBHBuTÆGg<RTg´rMBwgza tzaKtnwgsEmþgZm(dlńrNamunhñ@ nrNahñ@KYrnwg
Rtas´dwgZm(enH:nedayqab´rh&s cugeRkayRTg´r£kdl´ GaLartabs
kaLameKaRt nigóTktabsrambuRt zaCaGñksmKYryägéRkElg Et
eTvtak*RkabTUloRBHGg<RTg´RCabza GñkTaMgBIr:neZVImrNkaleTAekIt
RBhµelakehIy RBHGg<k*RTg´rMBwgemIl RTg´RCabza tabsTaMgBIreZVI
mrNkaleTAekItRBhµelakBitEmn lMdabénaHeTIbRTg´r£kdl´bBVCit
bJ©vKI<y¾EdlZøab´manóbkar;eRcIndl´tzaKt :nbMerItzaKtkñúgeBleZVI
Tuk,rkiriya 6 vsSa CaGñksmKYrnwgTTYlykRBHZmµeTsnamuneK eRJH
GñkTaMgenaHmanbuNü:rmIsnSMmkRKb´RKanéhIy .
GakarRTg´rMBwgdUecñH RKanÉtCakarBicarNarbs´RBHBuTÆTaMgLay
buëNÑaH tamBitev[rekaNÐJ¦etærehIy GñkdéTNaeTAEdlGaccak´ZøúHsc©-
Zm(muneK:n eRBaHza RBHekaNÐJ¦etær:neZVIkusltaMgesckIþR:zñaTuk
Gs´mYyEsnkb| kñúgTIcMeBaHRBHP®kþrbs´RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆmkehIy
RBmTaMgmanRBHsg¹CabnÞal´ edIm|Io:nseRmcmK<plmunsavkdéTç
RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´BicarNadl´bBVCitbJ©vK<Iy¾ehIy RTg´kan´:Rt nig
cIvryageTAkan´éRB«sibtnmiKTayv&nedaylMdab´pøÚv rhUtdl´TICitGa-
Rsmrbs´bBVCitTaMg 5 rUbenaH . BYkbJ©vKI<y¾luHeXIjRBHmanRBHPaK
kMBugyagmkBIcmáayk*caM:n ehIyyl´za RBHmanRBHPaKyagmkedIm|I
rkGñkóbdðak eTIbeZVIktikanwgKñaza RBHsmNeKatmlHbgésckIþBüa-
yammkCamnusSR:zñaeRcIn BYkeyIgminKYrzVaybg<M minKYreRkakTTYl min

- 12 -
KYrTTYl:Rt nigcIvr EtKYrRkalGasn;sRmab´Kg´Tuk ebIRTg´R:zñak*cUr
Rbzab´KgćuH .
kalRBHmanRBHPaKnimnþmkdléhIy ehtubc©&yénkarZøabéZVI
esckIþeKarB eZVIoGñkTaMg 5 ePøcktikaEdlkMNt´Tuk naMKñaxVl´xVayeZVI
karTTYl xøHeTATTYl:Rt nigcIvr xøHer[bcMGasn;zVay xøHdgTwklagRBH
:Ta xøHlagRBH:T nigxøHeT[tbk´pøitzVay luHsEmþgvtþeRscehIynaMKña
Gg<úycuHkñúgTICitenaH . EtbBVCitTaMg 5 sEmþgGakb|kiriyaRkGWtRkTm
xusBImun dUcCakarniyayCamYyRBHBuTÆGg< eRbIBaküeBcn¾za Gavuesa ß
siTÆtæ; CaBakümineKarB yägenHCaedIm .
RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´ham nigRtas´R:b´za ²tzaKt:nRtas´²tzaKt:nRtas´²tzaKt:nRtas´²tzaKt:nRtas´
dwg GmtZm(ehIy³dwg GmtZm(ehIy³dwg GmtZm(ehIy³dwg GmtZm(ehIy³ GñkTaMgLaycUrtaMgcitþsþabćuH tzaKtnwgsEmþgo
sþab´ kalebIGñkTaMgLaysþab´ nigtaMgcitþRbRBwtþbdibtþitamtzaKtTUnµan
minyUreLIyBYkGñknwg:nseRmcGmtZm(enaHEdr . BYkbJ©vK<Iy¾mineC}
EzmTaMgeBalCMTas´GagdléhtukarN¾kñúgeBlmun rhUtdl´ 3 dgza
GavuesaeKatm sUm|IkarRbRBwtþiyägóRkidð k*minGacRtas´dwg:n «LÚvenH
elakgakmkbdibtþiedIm|ICamnusSR:zñaeRcIn etIelak:nsMercRBHniBVan
dUcemþceTA EtcugbJ©b´RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´dasét}norBkdléBl
mun>za GñkTaMgLayZøab´:nsþab´ :n»Edrß etIvacadUecñHtzaKtZøab´
eBalBImunmkß GñkTaMg 5 k*caM:nza RBHvacadUecñHminZøab´:n»BImunmk
eLIy ehIyTmøakćuHkarrwgtÁwgnaMKñataMgcitþsþab´RBHZmµeTsnaEdlRBHman
RBHPaKRtas´TUnµanrhUtteTA .

- 13 -
ézáeBjbUrmI 15 ekIt ExGasaF ehAza ²GasaL$bUCa³²GasaL$bUCa³²GasaL$bUCa³²GasaL$bUCa³ Caézád*
sMxan´kñúgRBHBuTÆsasna KWkarRbkasRBHZmµck,b|vtnsURtrbs´RBHman
RBHPaK eR:sbBVCit 5 rUb kñúgéRB«sibtnmiKTayv&n CitRkúgBaraNsI.
cugbJ©b´énZmµeTsna Zmµck¡ú bJ¦aRtas´dwgZm(:nekIteLIgdl´
ekaNÐJ¦bBVCit :nCaesatabnñbuK<l CaGriybuK<lmuneK ev[rEtRBHman
RBHPaKecj elak:nseRmcmK<plkñúgPaBCamnusSEtmñak´ÉgKt´ rYm
nwgBYkmhaRBhµ 18 ekadi EdlmkRbCMuKñakñúgTIenaH .
RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RCabza ekaNÐJ¦;eXIjZm(ehIy eTIbRTg´bnøW
RBHóTanza ²GJ¦asi vt ePa ekaNÐeJ¦a³²GJ¦asi vt ePa ekaNÐeJ¦a³²GJ¦asi vt ePa ekaNÐeJ¦a³²GJ¦asi vt ePa ekaNÐeJ¦a³ ERbza ekaNÐJ¦;:nRtas´
dwgehIyhñ@ GaRs&yRBHóTanvacaenH k*:nCab´mkCaeQµaHrbs´elak
taMgBIkalenaHmk KWehAza GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦; . RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær Ca
bfmsavk :nCaksiNsakSIbJ¢ak´karRtas´dwgrbs´RBHmanRBHPaKza
BitCaRtas´dwgEmn TaMgGacjúaMgGñkdéToRtas´dwgtam:nEmn .
RBHmanRBHPaK RTg¨Rtas´GnuJ¦atoCaPik¡úedayRBHvacaza ²Gñk²Gñk²Gñk²Gñk
cUrmkCaPik¡úcuH Zm(EdltzaKtsEmþglÁehIy GñkcUrRbRBwtþRBhµccUrmkCaPik¡úcuH Zm(EdltzaKtsEmþglÁehIy GñkcUrRbRBwtþRBhµccUrmkCaPik¡úcuH Zm(EdltzaKtsEmþglÁehIy GñkcUrRbRBwtþRBhµccUrmkCaPik¡úcuH Zm(EdltzaKtsEmþglÁehIy GñkcUrRbRBwtþRBhµc----
riy; edIm|IeZVInUvTIbMputTuk¡edayRbéBcuH³riy; edIm|IeZVInUvTIbMputTuk¡edayRbéBcuH³riy; edIm|IeZVInUvTIbMputTuk¡edayRbéBcuH³riy; edIm|IeZVInUvTIbMputTuk¡edayRbéBcuH³ enHehAza ÉhiPik¡úóbsm|Ta
CaviZIEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´bMbYskulbuRtedayRBHGg<Ég . RBHGJ¦a-
ekaNÐJ¦etær:nóbsm|TamuneKkñúgézáGasaL$bUCa KWCaézákMeNItRBHsg¹
rtn; cMENkbBVCit 4 rUbeT[t minTan´:nseRmcmK<pleT RBHman
RBHPaKRTg´TUnµanedaybkiNÑkeTsnaCabnþ rhUt:nRtas´dwgZm(RKb´>rUb
edayer[glMdab´ Kña KW RBHvb|;:nkñúgézá 1 erac RBHPTiÞy; RBHmhanam

- 14 -
RBHGsSCi :nkñúgézá 2-3-4 erac ehIy:nCaÉhiPik¡útamlMdab´KñadUc
RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;pgEdr .
kñúgézá 5 erac RBHmanRBHPaKRtaséTsnaTUnµanPik¡úbJ©vK<Iy¾ eday
Gntþlk¡NsURt Pik¡úTaMg 5 rUbk*:nseRmcGrhtþpl CaRBHGrhnþTaMg
Gs¨ eBlenaHmanRBHGrhnþ 6 Gg<ekIteLIgkñúgelak rYmTaMgRBHman
RBHPaKpg . kalEdlRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´bJ¢ÚnsavkecjeTApSBVpSay
sasnaelIkdMbUg RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær:nCYyCakmøaMgd*sMxan´ kñúgkar
RbkasKuNRBHZmµvin&yénRBHBuTÆsasna opSBVpSayeTAkñúgBBYkCn
epSg>eT[t . rIÉkarecjpSBVpSayRBHBuTÆsasna rbs´RBHGJ¦aeka-
NÐJ¦etær minmanR:kd c|as´za elaknimnþeTACnbT ßRkúgNaxøHeT .
maneKalGaglµmnwgnaMmkCaPsþútagcakKm¬IrGdðkzamaneKalGaglµmnwgnaMmkCaPsþútagcakKm¬IrGdðkzamaneKalGaglµmnwgnaMmkCaPsþútagcakKm¬IrGdðkzamaneKalGaglµmnwgnaMmkCaPsþútagcakKm¬IrGdðkza brbrbrbr----
mtæTIbnI Edler[brab´Rbvtþirbs´RBHbuNÑmnþanIbuRtzamtæTIbnI Edler[brab´Rbvtþirbs´RBHbuNÑmnþanIbuRtzamtæTIbnI Edler[brab´Rbvtþirbs´RBHbuNÑmnþanIbuRtzamtæTIbnI Edler[brab´Rbvtþirbs´RBHbuNÑmnþanIbuRtza RBHGJ¦aeka-
NÐJ¦;nimnþeTARsúkRJhµN¾eQµaH eTaNvtæú EdlenACitRkúgkbilBsþú
CaRsúkkMeNItrbsélak manesckIþbJ¢ak´za kñúgsm&yEdlGJ¦aeka-
NÐJ¦etæreKcecjcaksMNak´RBHmanRBHPaK :nKiteXIjza buNÑmaNB
CakµÜyRbús kUnrbsńagmnþanIRJhµNIbÁÚnRsIrbsélak ebIoeKbYskñúg
RBHBuTÆsasnaehIy nwg:nCaZmµkzikd*eqñImkñúgRBHsasna eTIbelak
nimnþeTARsúkRJhµN¾eQµaHeTaNvtæúenaH ehIyobuNÑmaNBkµÜyRbús
rbs´xøÜnbBVC¢a elakmanesckIþRtiHriHza RBHbuNÑ;enHKYrenAkñúgsMNak´
RBHmanRBHPaK eTIboRBHbuNÑ;cUleTAenAkñúgsMNak´RBHsasþatamkar
KiteXIjrbs´xøÜn .

- 15 -
TIkEnøgCaTIeBjcitþrbs´RBHGJ¦aekTIkEnøgCaTIeBjcitþrbs´RBHGJ¦aekTIkEnøgCaTIeBjcitþrbs´RBHGJ¦aekTIkEnøgCaTIeBjcitþrbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær mancarwkkñúgaNÐJ¦etær mancarwkkñúgaNÐJ¦etær mancarwkkñúgaNÐJ¦etær mancarwkkñúg
GdðkzabrmtæTIbnI GZib|ayesckIþRBH:lIKm¬IrxuTÞknikay ezrGdðkzabrmtæTIbnI GZib|ayesckIþRBH:lIKm¬IrxuTÞknikay ezrGdðkzabrmtæTIbnI GZib|ayesckIþRBH:lIKm¬IrxuTÞknikay ezrGdðkzabrmtæTIbnI GZib|ayesckIþRBH:lIKm¬IrxuTÞknikay ezr----
KazaKazaKazaKaza kñúgesaLskni:tzakñúgesaLskni:tzakñúgesaLskni:tzakñúgesaLskni:tza RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær:ncUleTAKal´ Rkab
zVaybgM<TUllaza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*ceRmIn esnasn;CitRsúkrEmg
minCaTIsb|aydl´xúMRBHGg<> minGacenARcLÚkRcLMnwgBYkPik¡úeRcIn:neT
xúMRBHGg<sUmRkabzVaybg<MTUlla eTAenAEk|rRsHqTÞnþ kñúgéRBhimBanþenaH
RBHGg< ! kalRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´GnuBa¦atehIy eTIbelakRkabzVaybg<M
la eTAenAkñúgéRBhimBanþCitmat´RsHqTÞnþ edaymanemhVÚgdMrIqTÞnþCYy
TMnukbRmúg eZVIoelak:nTTYlPaBgayRsÜlRKb´Rbkar . BIedImRsH
qTÞnþenHman eQµaHza mnÞakinI EtedayGaRs&ydMrIqTÞnþmkenA eTIbehAtam
eQµaHdMrI .
RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærmanskmµPaBsMEdgRBHZm(eRcInelIk sUm|I
elakmkenAéRBhimBanþenHehIyk*eday RBHZm(EdlelaksMEdgmanxøwm
sarRCaleCA KYrdl´kic©bdibtiþ CaZm(eTreTArkRBHniBVan rabćUlkñúgGriy-
sc© 4 RbkbedaysuJ¦tabdibtiþ ZmIµkzarbsélakmann&yd*viciRt dUcCa
sMEdgZm(dlésþcsk,eTvraC> manesckIþRCHzøaeJlKaza za És Pi-
eyüa bsITami ERbza xúM:nsþab´Zm(manrseRcIn RCHzøaéRkElg viraKZm(
EdlelaksMEdgehIy minkanýk ‘ Zm(NamYy ’ edayRbkarTaMgBYg .
RTg´sresIrelakdUecñHehIy k*nms,arlaRtLbéTAvij .
manézámYy RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærBicarNaeXIjvar;citþrbs´buzuC¢n
BYkxøHEdlRtÚvmicäavitk, KWkarRtiHriHxusRKbsg,t´ nigrBkdl´BaküTUnµan

- 16 -
rbs´RBHBuTÆGg<EdlpÞúynwgmicäavitk,enaH:n edayrUbelakesatk*mancitþ
putRsLHmicäavitk,enaHGséhIy eTIbeBalnUvKazaeLIgBIrKaza za
²BhUni elaek ciRtani³ CaedIm ERbza GarmµN¾TaMgLayeRcIn d*
viciRtkñúgelak elImNÐlénEpndIenH TMngCajaMjInUvesckIþRtiHriHza lÁ
EdlRbkbedayraK; .
Griysavk BicarNaeXIj edayR:CakñúgkalNa esckIþRtiHriH
TaMgLay k*sáb´rmáab´kñúgkaleNaH dUcCaePø{grmáabńUvZUlI Edlhuy
eLIgedayxül´ç rEmgen]yNaykñúgrbs´mineT[gç kñúgTuk¡ç kñúgvtæúminEmn
CatYxøÜn enHCapøÚvbrisuTÆ . kalsEmþgvibsSnaviZIdUecñHehIy edIm|IsEmþg
kic©EdlxøÜn:nsMercedayvibsSnaviZIenaH dUcZøab´sEmþgR:b´dl´buK<l
déT eTIbeBalBIrKazaeT[tza ²BuTÆanuBueTÆa eya ezera³ CaedIm ERbza
RBHezr;eQµaHekaNÐJ¦; Rtas´dwgtamRBHBuTÆ EdlmanesckIþBüayamekø{v
køa manCati nigmrN;lHbgéhIybribUN(edayRBhµcriy;Zm( . GnÞak´
KWOX;kIþ citþrwgrUsd*maMkIþ emah;dUcPñMEdlTmøay:nedaykRmkIþ RBHGJ¦a
ekaNÐJ¦rUbenaH :nkatńUvcitþd*rwgrUspg nUvGnÞak´KWOX;pg nUvPMñKWemah;
EdlbuK<lbMEbk:nedaykRmpg :nqøgeTAdléRtIy CaGñkmanQan
rYccakcMNgénmar .
naeBlézámYy RBHekaNÐJ¦etær:neXIjPik¡úmYyrUb CamnusSx¢il
RcGUs mancitþraymay manmanHdUcedImbbus CasisSZøabénACamYynwg
elakkalmun elakeXIjkarrsénAminRtÚvpøÚvrbs´Pik¡úenaHehIy eTIbeTA
eday#TiÆehIyeBaldasét]nza ²GñkcUrlH:bmitþecj cUrKb´rkEt

- 17 -
mitþlÁ ehIyeZVIsmNZm(cuH³ . Pik¡úrUbenaH minRBmeC]sþab´BaküeBcn¾
rbsélak elakk*ekItkarsegVKcitþ ehIytiHed[lvtþbdibtþixus nig
sresIrkarbdibtþiRtÚv edIm|IoRtÚvGZüaRs&ynwgkarenAkñúgTIsáatéday
buK<laZidðan eTIbeBalKaza za ²óTÆeta cbela Pik¡ú ÇÇÇ³ manesckIþza
Pik¡úGñkmancitþraymay eXøgeXøag GaRs&ynwgBYk:bmiRt rEmgRtÚvrlk
KWó:yénesckIþeRkaZRCmuc ehIyliccuHkñúgGnøg´ZM .
ÉPik¡úmanR:Ca mancitþminraymay mineXøgeXøag manR:CalÁit
sRgÜm«®nIÞy¾lÁ manklüaNmitþ EtgeZVITIbMputénTuk¡:n . CnGñkman
Gvyv;R:kdesµIedayzñaMgvlø# s<mrvImrvamedaysrés CaGñkdwgRb-
maN:ynigTwk mancitþminrYjra RtÚvre:mnigmUsTaMgLayxaMehIy kñúg
tUcnigéRBZM CaGñkmansµartI Kg´Gt´RTaMenAéRBenaH:n dUcdMrId*RbesIr
‘Gt´Zn´’ kñúgRbZanéns®g<am dUecñaH .
xúMmineRtkGrnwgesckIþsøab´ mineRtkGrnwgkarrsénA xúMrgćaMEt
kal ‘ briniBVan ’ dUcGñkeZVIkarQñÜl TnÞwgEtGs´ézá dUecñaH . RBHsasþa
xúM:nbeRmIehIy RBHBuTÆsasnaxúMk*:neZVIehIy Par;Zán´ xúM:ndakćuH
ehIy tNØaCaeRK}gnaMeTAkan´PB xúMdkecalehIy . kulbuRtGñkecj
cakpÞH cUlkan´pñÜs edIm|IRbeyaCn¾Na RbeyaCn¾enaH xúM:ndléhIy
xúMmanRbeyaCn¾GVIedaysTÆiviharik ‘ KWsisSRbedARkdUecñH ’ .
luHelakeBalTUnµanedayn&yepSg>dUecñHehIy eTIbelakRtLb´
eTAkan´TIenArbs´xøÜn KWRsHqTÞnþenaH . sm&ymYy RBHmanRBHPaKKgénA
vtþevLúv&n RkúgraCRKwH RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær:ncUleTAKal´RBHGg< :n

- 18 -
RkabcuHeT[byuKl:T CJ¢k´RBH:Tedaymat´ ykédTaMgBIrsÞabRc:c´
RBH:Ta nigRbkaseQµaHrbs´xøÜnza ²xMúRBHGg<eQµaHekaNÐJ¦; RBHGg< !³
elakeBalyägenHGs´var; 3 dg bMNgedIm|IoPik¡úEdlmins<al´:n
s<alélak . kñúgeBlcUlKalénaH RBHvg<IsetærenATIenaHpg RBHvg<I-
setærKitnwgeBalsresIrkitþiKuNrbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦; eTIbeRkakeLIg
RbNmüGBa¢lIeTArkRBHmanRBHPaK RkabTUlsUmBuTÆanuJ¦at ehIyeBal
sresIrza ²RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærenH CaGñkmineRtkGrkñúglaPsk,ar; Ca
GñkRtas´dwgtamRBHmanRBHPaK maneskIþBüayamd*xøaMgkøa CaGñkeRtkGr
nwgTIesnasn;sáatĆaTIenA ç Zm(NaEdlRBHGriysavkGñkeZVItamBakü
TUnµanrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK Kb|Idl´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærCaGñkminRbmaT
k*:ndl´Zm(enaHTaMgGsédaylMdabéhIy ç RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær CaGñk
manGanuPaBeRcIn manviC¢a 3 qøatkñúgcitþviC¢a CaGñkTTYlGriymt(krbs´
RBHmanRBHPaK eBlenHRBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær kMBugRkabzVaybg<MRBH
yuKl:T rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´³ .
BaküsresIrrbs´RBHvg<IsetærenH dUcCaRBHraCsarRbzab´Rta
RbkasnUvKuNrbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær eRBaHCakareBalsresIrkñúgCMnMu
BuTÆbris&Td*eRcIn manRBHmanRBHPaKCaRBHRbZan . tmk kalRBHmanRBH
PaKKgénAvtþeCtBn Ek|rRkúgsavtæI RTg´sEmþgZm(kñúgkNþalPik¡úsg¹
nigBuTÆbris&T RTg´RbkaselIktem,Ig EtgtaMgRBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærTukkñúg
ÉtTK<; za ²rtþJ¦ÚnM yTiTM GJ¦aekaNÐeJ¦a³ mñalPik¡úTaMgLay RBH
GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;CakMBUlCagPik¡úTaMgLay savkrbs´tzaKtEpñkdwg

- 19 -
raRtIyUr . kñúgGdðkzaÉtTK<:lI GZib|ayza BaküzadwgraRtIyUr sMedA
yk 1- CaGñkbBVC¢amunsavkTaMgLay 2- CaGñk:nseRmcmK<plmun
GñkdéTTaMgGs´ .
tMENg ²ÉtTK<;³ sMedAyk GñkEdlRbesIrCakMBUlkñúgEpñkNa
mYy CatMENgmanesærPaB minmankardkecj ßpøas´bþÚreLIy kal:n
TTYlkarEtgtaMgehIy k*Tukcitþza minmannrNaeZVIovinaseTA:n manEt
cüútibuëNÑaHeTIbGs´tMENg eRBaHzatMENgÉtTK<;enH :nmkedaykarbM
eBj:rmI EdlxøÜnR:zñataMgTukkñúgTIcMeBaHRBHP®kþénRBHBuTÆCam©as´mun >
ehIy:nsnSM:rmIt > mkGs´kalrabÉsnkb| rhUtTalÉt:rmIeBj
eTIb:nTTYlkarEtgtaMg minEmn:nedaykarGgVrkr ßsUk:¨n´GVIeLIy .
Baküza :rmI KWKuNsm|tþiCaeRK}geZVIoseRmc ßKuNZm(eZVIobribUN(
EdlCabc©yehtu oRBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær:nTTYltMENgÉtTK<;enaH ebI
KitRtLb´zyeRkayeTA tamEdlmanmkkñúgGdðkzamenarzbUrNI nig
GdðkzabrmtæTIbnI énKm¬IrxuTÞknikay GbTan bJ¢ak´za ?
kñúgTIbMputénEsnkb|BIPTÞkb|enH manRBHBuTÆmYyRBHGg<RBHnamza
bTumutþr; esþcób|tþieLIgkñúgelak kalRTg´seRmcsBVJ¦útJ¦aNehIy
RTgéRkakcakmhaeBaZibløg, manp,abTumZMpuseLIgmkedIm|ITTYlrgRBH
yuKl:T kñúgxN;EdlRBHGg<RTgélIkRBH:TeLIg nigdakćuH elIEpndI
TMhMurbs´p,abTumenaHZMdléTA 90 htæ maneksrRbEvg 30 htæ Rtbk
p,a RbEvg 12 htæ manTIsRmab´dak´RBH:TRbEvg 11 htæ cMENkRBH
srIrkayrbs´RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆenaH km¬s´ 58 htæ .

- 20 -
eBlRTg´dak´RBH:TxagsþaMcuHkñúgp,abTum lMGgeksrRbmaNCa
mYynaLiZMsmöúreLIgehIyerayraycuHmkelIRBHkay kñúgevlaRTg´dak´
RBH:TxageqVgcuHmanp,abTumyägZMmYypuseLIgmkTTYlrgRBH:T man
lMGgeksrsmöúreLIgmk ehIyZøakćuHelIRBHkayeT[t . RBHrsµIpSay
ecjBIRBHvrkayrbs´RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆenaH manóbmadUcCaTÇTwk
mas EdlhUrecjcakbMBgýnþ pSayecjeTAGs´TIRbmaNCa 12
eyaCn¾ kñúgevlaRTg´QanCMhanTI 3 eTA p,abTumpusdMbUgk*:téTA manp,a
bTumzµIpuseLIgRTRBH:TeT[t mansPaByägenHCaRbRktI eRBaHdUecñaH
eTIbRBHGg<RTg´manRBHnamza ²bTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆ³ RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆ
kalRTg´ób|tþieLIgkñúgelakehIy manPik¡úsg¹mYyEsnrUbCabrivaryag
eTAeR:smhaCnkñúgTInana tamRsúkniKmCnbTraCZanIrhUtdl´ ²hgS-
vtInKr³ . RBHBuTÆbitaCamharaC RTg´RCabdMNwgza RBHbTumutþrsmµa
sm¬úTÆnimnþyagmkkanÉdnrbs´RBHGg<ehIy eTIbRTgéZVIbdisNðard*meha
Larik RBHsm¬úTÆCam©as´RbTanRBHZmµeTsnaeR:sRBHBuTÆbita kñúgeBlcb´
RBHZmµeTsna GñkxøH:nCaRBHesatabnñ GñkxøH:nCaskTaKamI GnaKamI
Grhnþ ÉRBHBuTÆbita RTg´:nRkabTUlnimnþRBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆ RBmTaMg
Pik¡úsg¹TaMgGs´ edIm|Iqan´kñúgézáEsÁk kñúgRBHraCvaMg ehIyk*RtLbéTAvij
RBwkeLIg RBHBuTÆbitaRtas´bJ¢aoeTARkabTUlPtþkaloRTg´RCab kal
RBHmanRBHPaKRBmedayPik¡úsg¹mYyEsnrUb nimnþdl´RBHraCvaMgeRsc
:céhIy RBHBuTÆbitaRTg´zVaymhaTandl´sg¹ EdlmanRBHbTumutþrsmµa-
sm¬úTÆCaRBHRbZan .

- 21 -
RBHbTumutþrsm¬úTÆRTgéZVIPtþkic©eRscehIy eTIbRTgéZVIGnuemaTna
nigzVayRBHBrlaRtLbéTAkan´RBHviharvij kñúgézáTI 2 GñkRkúghgSvtIrYm
KñazVaymhaTan kñúgézáTI 3 RBHraCaRTg´zVaymhaTaneT[t karzVaymha
Tanrbs´RBHraCBuTÆbitaCamYynwgGñknKr :npøas´bþÚrKñamYyézámþg > rhUt
Gs´kald*yUredayTMngenH kñúgkaleNaH RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærenH:n
ekItkñúgRtkUlKhbtImhasal kñúgnKrhgSvtInu@HÉg ézámYy Citdl´
eBlEdlRBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆsEmþgZm( KhbtIeXIjGñknKrhgSvtI
kan´p,a eT[n ZUb nigeRK}gRkGUbepSg > naMKñaeZVIdMeNIreq¬aHmuxeTAkan´RBH
vihar luHRCabza GñknKrtaMgcitþnaMKñaeTAbUCacMeBaHRBHBuTÆ RBHZm( RBH
sg¹ eTIbKhbtIrYmdMeNIreTACamYyGñknKrrhUtdl´kEnøgsþab´Zm(enaH .
kñúgézáenaH RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆ RTgÉtgtaMgPik¡úmYyrUb CaGñk
Rtas´dwgZm(munCagbuK<ldéTTaMgBYg TukkñúgtMENgd*kMBUl EpñkdwgraRtIyUr
KhbtIenaHeXIjRbckSedayxøÜnÉg kñúgkarEtgtaMgenaHehIy eTIbKitza
Pik¡úenHmantMENgZMéRkElghñ@ ev[rEtRBHmanRBHPaKecj GñkdéTEdl
Rtas´dwgZm(enaHmuneKrEmgminman sUm|IeyIgKYrCaGñk:nseRmcZm(enaH
munGñkdéT kñúgsasnarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´Gg<NamYykñúgGnaKtkal .
luHKitdUecñHehIy KhbtIenaHcUleTARkabTUlnimnþRBHmanRBHPaK eRkay
eBlbJ©b´RBHZm(eTsnaza ²bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*ceRmIn ézáEsÁksUm
RBHGg<RTgéR:semtþaTTYlGaharbiNÐ:trbs´xMúRBHGg<pgcuH RBHGg< .
RBHsm¬úTÆRTg´TTYlkarnimnþedaytuNØIPaB KhbtIdwgzaRBHmanRBHPaK
RTg´TTYlnimnþehIyk*sb|aycitþ RkabzVaybg<MlaeRkakeLIgeZVIRbTkSiN

- 22 -
3 CuMehIyec[secjeTA . luHmkdl´pÞHrbs´xøÜnk*Rbjab´RbjalćatÉcg
TIRbzab´Kg´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaK nigGasn;sRmab´Pik¡úTaMgLay eZVIkar
Rbdab´takÉtgedayeRK}gRkGUb kRmgp,a rhUtmYyyb´Tl´PWø TaMg:ner[b
cMxaTnIyahar ePaCnIyahard*RbNItsRmabéZVITan .
luHRBwkeLIg KhbtI:nzVaymhaTancMeBaHRBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆ
RBmedayPik¡úsg¹mYyEsn kñúgRKwHsæanrbs´xøÜn . luHRBHPik¡úsg¹sMerc
Ptþkic©ehIy Kat´:nzVaysMBt´mYyKU EdlsmKYreZVICaéRtcIvr Etman
KMnitekIteLIgkñúgeBlenaHza eyIgminEmnRtÚvkarfan;tUceT eyIgRtÚvkar
fan;ZM karoTanRtwmEtmYyézárbséyIgenH minsmKYrnwgseRmckarR:zña
eT eyIgnwgeZVITano:n 7 ézá ehIyswmR:zña . KhbtIenaH:nzVay
mhaTan tamEdlKat´KitenaHGs´ 7 ézá luHdl´ézáTI 7 oebIkXøaMgsMBt´
naMyksMBt´sac´m¨dðlÁ mkzVaycMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK nigPik¡úsg¹mYyEsn
rUb ehIyRkabTUlza bBiRtRBHelaknayk Pik¡úNaEdlRBHGg<RTgÉtg
taMgTukkñúgtMENgd*kMBUlkñúg 7 ézáknøgmkehIy sUmoxMúRBHGg<:ndUc
Pik¡úrUbenaH sUmoxMúRBHGg<:nbYskñúgsasnarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´ nwgRTg´
ób|tþieLIgkñúgGnaKtkal nigsUmo:nseRmcZm(muneKTaMgGs´pgcuH .
RBHbTumutþrsmµasm¬úTÆRTg´sþab´BaküR:zñaehIy eTIbRTg´bJ¢Ún
GnaKtgSJ¦aN KWjaNdwger]gkñúgGnaKtkaleXIjza KhbtIenH eZVI
GZikarkuslehIytaMgesckIþR:zñaTuk nwg:nseRmctamesckIþR:zña KW
kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb|kñúgGnaKt RBHsmNeKatmsmµasm¬úTÆnwgRTgékIt
eLIgkñúgelak RKaenaHesckIþR:zñarbs´KhbtIenHnwg:nseRmc RTg´

- 23 -
Rtas´za mñalKhbtI kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb|eTAxagmux RBHsmN-
eKatmsm¬úTÆnwgRtas´dwgeLIgkñúgelak Gñk nigRBhµ 18 ekadi nwgtaMgenA
kñúgesatabtþipl Rbkbedayn&ymYyBan´ kñúgevlacb´bfmeTsna KW
Zmµck,b|vtþnsURt Edlmanbrivdþ; 3 Gakar 12 rbs´RBHsm¬úTÆGg<enaH .
luHRTg´BüakrN¾dUecñHehIy eTIbRTg´sEmþgRBHZm( 84Ç000 RBH
Zmµk¡nÆeR:sRbCabris&TrhUtRKb´RBHCnµk*briniBVan kalRBHbTumutþrsmµa-
sm¬úTÆrMlt´xnÆbriniBVanehIy RBHGdðiZaturbs´RBHGg<:nrYmCaduMmYy dUcCa
duMmas mhaCn:nrYmKñaksagRBHectiy tm,l´RBHsarIrikZaturbs´RBH-
Gg< mankMBs´ 7 eyaCn¾ «dðTaMgLaynaMmkksagRBHectiysuTÆswgCa
mas eRbITwkhrtalmenasila‘1’
pSMnwg«dð eRbIeRbgCMnYsTwk . kñúgkal
RBHbTumutþrsm¬úTÆRTg´Kg´RBHCnµenAeLIy manRBHrsµIpSayeT:n 12 eya----
Cn¾ EtkalesþcbriniBVanehIy manRBHrsµIpSayecjBIRBHectiy:n 100
eyaCn¾edayCMuvij KhbtI ‘ ekaNÐJ¦; ’ :noksagpÞHkMBUlRbdabéday
EkvmYyBan´dYgB&TÆCMuvijRBHectiyenaH nigksagpÞHEkvTukxagkñúgRBH
ectiyenaHeT[t kalminTan´GsĆIvit:neZVIkuslCaeRcInmankarbric©aK-
TanCaedIm rhUtmYyEsnqñaM ehIysøabéTAekItkñúgeTvelak mankar
vilvlékItsøab´kñúgeTvta nigmnusSRbmaNCa 9 mWun 9 Ban´ 9 rykb| .
karsagsnSMkuslrbsélak mansEmþgTukkñúgGdðkzaKm¬Ir
brmtæTIbnI EdlGZib|ay:lIGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦ezrKaza Km¬IrxuTÞk-
nikay ezrKaza nigkñúgGdðkzaKazaZmµbT énymkvK<kñúger]gsJ¢&y
‘1’
KW Er¨mYyRbePTCaZatuelah; EdleKeRbIsRmab´P¢ab´mas dUcsuIm¨gt¾P¢ab´«dðsBVézá

- 24 -
sEmþgza kñúgkb|TI 91 edayrab´RtLb´zyeRkayGMBIPTÞkb|enH
eTA kulbuRtenaH mkekItkñúgpÞHrbs´kudum¬Ik¾enARsúkramRKam CitTVar
RkúgBnÆúmtI maneQµaHza ²mhakal³ ehIymanbÁÚnRbúseQµaHza culøkal
‘ kñúgGdðkzaKm¬IrRBHZmµbT eBalzaekItCa ²culkal³ ’ .
kñúgkalRBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær mkekItkñúgpÞHkudum¬Ik¾enH RtÚvnwgkal
énRBHsmµasm¬úTÆvibsSI muneBlEdlRBHvibsSIeBaZistVRtas´dwgCaRBH
smµasm¬úTÆCam©asénaH RBHGg<cüútcaksæantusitmkbdisnÆikñúgRBHKP(én
RBHGK<mehsIrbs´RBHraCaBnÆúmtI kñúgBnÆúmtInKr ç kalRBHGg<RbsUt nig
ceRmInv&yehIy esþc:nRTgécjRBHpñÜs luHseRmc:nCaRBHGrhnþ
smµasm¬úTÆCam©aséhIy mhaRBhµTUlGaraZnaedIm|IoRTg´sEmþgZm( RBH
Gg<RTg´TTYlehIy RTg´BicarNaza ?
tzaKtnwgsEmþgZm(dlńrNamunhñ@ RTgéXIj RBHxNÐkumarRBHxNÐkumarRBHxNÐkumarRBHxNÐkumar
EdlCaGnuCrbs´RBHGg< nig tisSkumartisSkumartisSkumartisSkumar EdlCabuRtrbs´buerahit za
Gacnwgcak´ZøúHnUvGmtZm(munGñkdéT³ eTIbRTg´seRmcRBHT&yza ²tzaKt
nwgsEmþgZm(dl´buK<lTaMgBIrenaHsin swmse®g<aHRBHbita eTIbRTg´:n
ecjcakeBaZimNÐlsæan tampøÚvGakas RTgćuHRtgéxmmiKTayv&n
RtasónaMRBHraCkumar nigkumarmkKal´ ehIyRTg´sEmþgZm(eR:skumar
TaMgBIr kñúgevlaEdlRTg´sEmþgZm(cbénaH RBHxNÐkumar nigtisSkumar
:nseRmcCaRBHGrhnþ RBmTaMgstV 8 mWun 4 Banńak´déTeT[t .
knøgmk mankulbuRt 8 mWun 4 BanńakéT[tecjbYstamRBHvi-
bsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´ eBl:ndMNwgzaRBHvibsSIeBaZistVRtas´dwgnUv

- 25 -
Griysc©ehIyk*tameTAKal´kñúgexmmiKTayv&n ehIy:nsþab´RBHZm(
eTsnarhUtseRmcCaRBHGrhnþ .
RBHvibsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´RTgÉtgtaMg RBHxNÐetær kñúgtMENg
²GK<savk³ RTgÉtgtaMg RBHtisSetær kñúgtMENg ²Tutiysavk³ .
RBHraCaBnÆúmtIBuTÆbita RTg´RCabdMNwgkarnimnþmkrbs´RBHvibsSI
smµasm¬úTÆ eTIbesþcyageTAkan´raCóTüan RTg´sþab´RBHZm(eTsnaehIy
RTg´k*taMgenAkñúgRBHéRtsrNKmn¾ ehIyRTg´RkabTUlnimnþRBHmanRBHPaK
edIm|Iqan´kñúgézáEsÁkkñúgRBHraCvaMg RTg´RkabTUlla ehIyeZVIRbTkSiN
ec[secjeTA .
RBH:TBnÆúmtI esþceLIgRbzabélIR:saTehIyRTg´manRBHtRmiH
za ²buRtc|grbséyIgRTg´bBVC¢a:nCaRBHBuTÆ buRtTI 2 rbséyIg:n
CaGK<savksþaM buRtrbs´buerahit:nCaTutiysavk RBHPik¡úTaMgLayeRkA
BIenH:nCabrivarénbuRtrbséyIgkalenACaRKhsæenaH buRtrbséyIg
k*ZøakĆaPar;rbséyIg «LÚvenH smKYrCaPar;rbséyIgteTAeT[t eyIg
nwgbRmúgbuRtrbséyIg nigPik¡úsg¹TaMgLayedaybc©&y 4 minoOkas
enHdl´GñkdéTeZVIeLIy manRBHraCtRmiHdUecñHehIy manRBHraCtRmasó
sagkMEBgeQIKKIGmpøÚv cabépþImBITVarRBHviharEdlRBHBuTÆKgénArhUtdl´
TVarraCvaMg eRbIsMBtĆaBitan takÉtgedayp,aymasBüÜrCarMeyalqøas´
BN( edaymYyrMeyal>TMhMbu¨nedImetñat oeRbIeRK}gkRmald*viciRtRkal
épÞxageRkam otaMgkÁmTwkbENþtp,aRkGUbdak´GmpøÚv oerayp,akñúgcenøaH
kÁmTwkp,aRkGUbenaH oeraylMGiteRK}gRkGUbcenøaHp,aenaHeT[t edIm|IopøÚv

- 26 -
TaMgGs´mankøinRkGUbQáúyQáb´ rYcehIyoeTARkabTUlPtþkaldl´
RBHBuTÆGg< .
RBHvibsSIsmµasm¬úTÆmanPik¡úTaMgLayEhhm :nnimnþeTAkan´RBH
raCvaMgrbs´RBH:TBnÆúmtI edaypøÚvEdlbiT:MgyägCitsñiTÆenaH luHsMerc
Ptþkic©ehIy k*nimnþyagRtLbéTAkan´RBHviharvijtampøÚvenaHeT[t RBHraCa
RbRBwtþEtyägenH . Gs´kald*yUrminmannrNaxageRkARBHraCvaMg :n
eXIjRBHvibsSIsmµasm¬úTÆ nigPik¡úsg¹TaMgLayedIm|I:ndak´:Rt ßbUCa
GVIeLIy BYkGñknrKRbwkSaKñaza cab´taMgBIRBHsm¬úTÆRtas´dwgeLIgkñúgelak
:n 7 qñaM 7 ExehIy BYkeyIgminZøab´:neXIjeLIy caM:cńiyayzVIdl´
karzVayTan karbUCa ßkarsþab´Zm(enaH RBHraCaRTg´Rbkan´za RBHBuTÆCa
rbséyIg RBHZm( nigRBHsg¹CarbséyIg RTg´bUCaedayRBHGg<Ég min
RTgébIkOkasoGñkdéTeZVIkareKarBbUCapgeT .
RBHBuTÆrEmgób|tþieLIgkñúgelak edIm|IRbeyaCn¾ nigCanaykrbs´
elak RTgéZVInaTICaRBHelaknayk minEmnedIm|IRBHraCaEtmYyGg<ÉgeT
nrkminEmnekþAEtRBHraCaeT GñkdéTk*ekþAEdr dUecñaHBYkeyIgnwgRkabbg<MTUl
RBHraCaza ebIRBHkruNaézøviessRbTanRBHmanRBHPaKdl´BYkxMúRBHGg< Ca
karlÁ EtebIminRbTaneT BYkxMúRBHGg<nwgeZVIcm|aMgtTlńwgRBHraCa edIm|I
:nRBHBuTÆCam©as´ nigPik¡úsg¹mkeZVIbuNüpgEdr BYkGñknKrRbwkSaKñaehIy
mankaryl´RBmCaÉkcä&nÞÞza cMeBaHBYkeyIgCaGñknKrbu¨NwÑg minGaceZVI
kargarenH:neT KYrrkGñkZMmñak´mkdwknaMeTIblÁ ehIynaMKñaeTArkesnabtI
R:b´bMNgoesnabtIRCab nigsYresnabtIza elakCabkSBYkRBHraCa

- 27 -
ßCabkSBYkrbs´BYkeyIg esnabtIeqøIyza ?
eyIgenAEpñkxagBYkGñk EtzakñúgézádMbUgBYkGñkRtÚvoeyIgeZVITan
mun BYkGñknKryl´RBmomun eTIbesnabtIcUleTAKal´RBHraCa Rkab
TUlRBHraCaoRTg´RCabehtukarN¾TaMgGs´ RBHraCasYrza BYkGñknKrxwg
eRkaZnwgeyIgedayehtuGVIeTA esnabtI / esnabtIRkabTUlza GñknKr
xwgeRkaZnwgRBHraCa eRBaHRBHraCaminoOkasdl´BYkeK edIm|ITMnukbRmúg
nUvRBHrtnéRt RBHraCaza En@esnabtI eyIgRBmc|aMgnwgminRBmoPik¡ú
sg¹dl´GñknKr esnabtITUlza bBiRtsmµtieTB etImanTahanNanwg
eZVIcm|aMgtamraCbJ¢axøHß RBHraCaza oesnabtIÉghwñgehIyeTAc|aMg
esnabtITUlza xúMRBHGg<Etmñak´minmankUnTahan k*KµansmtæPaBc|aMgEdr
RBHGg< .
RBHraCaRTg´RCabza GñknKrmankmøaMgeRcIn eRBaHzaesnabtIk*Ca
bkSBYkrbs´GñknKrEdr eTIbRtas´za mñalesnabtI sUmBYkGñknKro
OkasdléyIg:nbdibtþibeRmIRBHPik¡úsg¹ manRBHBuTÆCaRBHRbZan 7 qñaM
7 ExeT[tsin BYkGñknKrminRBmGnuJ¦atdl´RBH:TBnÆúmtI RBHraCaRTg´
bnæycuHmk 6-5-4-3-2-1 rhUtsl´Rtwm 7 ézá BYkGñknKrk*yl´RBm .
RBHraCaRTgćatÉcgeTyüTan EdllµmeZVIkñúgry;kal 7 qñaM 7 Ex
mksRmabévlaRtwm 7 ézábuëNÑaH eTIbeTyüvtæúmaneRcInsnÆwk RBHGg<RTg´
zVayTanedaybiT:MgminoGñkNaeXIjGs´ 6 ézáeT[t luHdl´ézáTI 7
eTIboRbCMuGñknKrmkemIlkarzVayTan nigRTg´sYrza GñkTaMgLayGaceZVI
TandUceyIgeZVI:nßeT / GñknKrRkabTUlza GaceZVI:n RBHGg< ! eRBaHkar

- 28 -
zVayTandUcRBHkruNaRTgéZVIenH eday:ntémøBnÆdarEdlBYkxMúRBHGg<
zVaymk minEmnßRBHGg< .
RBHraCaRTg´taMgRBHT&yebIkOkasoGñknKrmkemIl RTg´sg¹wmza
nwg:nC&yCMnHedIm|ITMnukbRmúgbnþeT[t EtRtLbéTACacaj´GñknKrvij eTIb
RTg´tUcRBHT&yykRBHhsæCUtTwkRBHenRt yagcUleTARkabTUlRBHvibsSI
smµasm¬úTÆza bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn xMúRBHGg<Kitza nwgminRBmoPik¡ú 6
lan 8 EsnrUb CaPar;rbs´GñkdéTeLIy nwgsUmbdibtþibeRmIedayctu-
bc©&yrhUtGsĆIvit Et«LÚvenH BYkGñknKrminGnuJ¦at ehIynaMKñaeRkaZ
xwgnwgxúMRBHGg< ehtuEtBYkeKmin:nzVayTan eRBaHdUecñaHcab´taMgBIézáEsÁk
enHeTA sUmRBHGg<RTg´RBHkruNaGnueRKaHdl´GñknKrpgcuHRBHGg< .
luHEsÁkeLIg esnabtIk*:nzVaymhaTantamEdlRBmeRB{gKña
nwgGñknKr ézátmkBYkGñknKrer[bcMRbeKneTyüZm(cMeBaHPik¡úsg¹TaMg-
Lay manRBHvibsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCaRbZan oéRkElgeLIgCagTanRBHraCa
nigesnabtIenaH kñúgézát>eTAeT[t BYkGñkenACitTVarnKr:ncatÉcgeRK}g
sk,arbUCa rIÉmhakalkudum¬Ik¾dwgeBlevlazVayTan eTIbR:b´dlćulø-
kalbÁÚnRbúsza ézáEsÁkenHkareZVIsk,arbUCaRBHmanRBHPaKmkdlévnBYk
eyIgehIy BYkeyIgnwgeZVIsk,ar;reb[bNaeTIblÁ culøkalza eRscEt
bgeTAcuH mhakalkudum¬Ik¾R:bésckIþbMNgrbs´xøÜnza ebIbÁÚntamcitþbg>
nwgeRc{kepIménRsÚvsalIEdlkMBugmanTwkedaHkñúgERsRbmaN 16 krIsCa
ERsrbséyIg naMmkeZVIyaKUzVayRBHmanRBHPaK nigPik¡úsg¹TaMgLaycuH .
culøkalmineBjcitþkñúgkaryléXIjenaH ehIyniyayza bgmin

- 29 -
dwgzaeZVIhñwgxUcsnÞÚgeTß xMúminZøabéXIjnrNaeZVIyägenHeLIy karKit
rbs´bgxúMR:b´Rtg´>zamineBjcitþesaHeLIy mhakalkudum¬Ik¾sþab´bÁÚn
RbúsniyayehIy yl´zaminGacrYmKñaeZVIbuNüCamYybÁÚn:n eTIbbbYl
bÁÚnEckERskñaCaBIrcMENk eday:nmñak´ 8 krIs e:Hbeg<alCacMNaMRBM
RbTl´ cab´taMgBIEckERskñaehIy mhakalkudum¬Ik¾omnusSCYyvHeBaH
epImRsÚvsalIeZVICabbrpSMnwgTwkedaHsuTÆ> takÉtgedayctumZursRbeKn
dl´Pik¡úsg¹manRBHBuTÆCaRBHRbZan . esckIþGs©arüekItBIbuJ¦anuPaB eZVIo
kYrRsÚvsalIEdl:nvHehIyenaH RtLb´rIkeBjépÞERseLIgvijdUcedIm .
kñúgeBlRsÚvsalIlµmbukCaGMbuk:n eK:nzVayTanmþgeT[t kñúg
eBlRsÚvTuM eBlRcÚt eBleZIVKMnYccgkNþab´ eBlcg eBlCJ¢Ún
eLIglan eBle:k nigeBlCJ¢ÚneLIgCRgúk rYmkareZVITanrbs´mha-
kalkudum¬Ik¾TaMgGs´ kñúgeBleZVIERsmYyrdUv man 9 elIk EtsnÞÚgkñúgERs
rbs´mhakalkudum¬Ik¾manbribUN(éRkElgeLIgrhUtCaTIrIkraycitþ kñúgkar
eZVITanRKbélIktaMgcitþR:zñao:nRtas´dwgZm(d*kMBUl muneKTaMgGs´ .
mhakalkudum¬Ik¾:nbMeBjbuNükuslepSg> rhUtGs´mYyCIvit
luHsøabéhIy:neTAekItkñúgeTvelak nigvilvl´søabékIt> kñúgeTvelak
nigmnusSelakenaHknøgeTA 91 kb| mkdl´BuTÆkalénRBHsmNeKatm
brmRKÚéneyIgenH :nmkekItkñúgRtkUlRJhµN¾mhasal ehIy:nmk
bYsCabfmsavk CaGriysavkdMbUgkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna :nTTYltMENg
CaPik¡úkMBUlmYyrUbpg nigmaneQµaHedaysarBuTÆóTanza GJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;
pg . CIvitcugeRkayrbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær elakmkGaRs&yenARsH

- 30 -
qTÞnþ ßehAmüägeT[tza mnÞakinI eRkABImandMrIrgćaMbdibtþibeRmIehIy elak
:neTAbiNÐ:tCaRbcaMenAPñMéklas EdlmaneTvbuRtmYyGg< eQµaHza
naKTtþ; fitenAkñúgvimanelIkMBUlPMñenaH EtgEtdak´:RtedaymZu:yas
manTwktic nigpSMedayTwkXµMúdl´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær EdlnimnþmkQr
rgćaMTTYlbiNÐ:tenAmuxvimanral´ézá . karEdlRBHezr;:nTTYlePaC-
nahard*RbNItdUecñH eRBaHelakZøab´:neZVIxIrslakPtþTan KWePaCnpSM
edayTwkedaHRss´Gs´kalRbmaN 8 mWunqñaM kñúgBuTÆkalrbs´RBHksSb
smµasm¬úTÆCam©as´ TankuslenaH mkoplkñúgCaticugeRkayenH .
RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etærmkcaMvsSakñúgéRBhimBanþ mat´RsHqTÞnþenH
KiteTA:n 12 qñaM enAqñaMcugeRkaymunelakbriniBVan :nmkcUlKal´RBH
manRBHPaKkñúgvtþevLúv&nmhavihar RkabTUllaedIm|IcUlkan´RBHniBVan kñúg
kNþalbris&T 4 za bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK «LÚvenH Gayusg¡arrbs´xúM
RBHGg<dl´TIbMputehIy sUmRBHGg<RTg´GnuJ¦atedIm|IbriniBVandl´xúMRBHGg<
pgcuH . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za ekaNÐJ¦; etIGñknwgbriniBVankñúgTINa /
RBHezr;RkabTUltbza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK emhVÚgdMrImanóbkar;eRcIn
:neZIVCaóbdðakdl´xúMRBHGg<Gs´kald*yUr CakarkRmEdlbuK<lnwgeZVI:n
edayehtuenH xMúRBHGg<sUmRtLbéTAbriniBVan kñúgéRBhimBanþmat´RsHqTÞnþ
kñúg sMNak´énhVÚgdMrITaMgenaH RBHGg< .
RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´RCabbMNgrbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦etær ehIy
Rtas´GnuJ¦atza mñalekaNÐJ¦;GñkcUrsm<al´kald*smKYrcuH . GJ¦a-
ekaNÐJ¦etær :nTTYlBuTÆanuJ¦atehIy RkabkaycuHtic> egIbeLIgeZVIRb-

- 31 -
TkSiNRBHmanRBHPaK ehIyRkabTUlla . ²kareXIjrbs´xúMRBHGg<Edl
:neXIjkñúgRKaenH CabcäimTsSn; KWkareXIjCaRKacugeRkay nwgminman
Okas:neXIjteTAeT[teT RBHGg<³ ehIyRkabzVaybg<MTUllaecjmk
QrenARtg´s)umTVarRBHvihar .
kalmhaCnRCabza elaknwgcUlkanńiBVan naMKñabrieTvnakaBilab
xSwkxSÜledayesckþIkruNa nigesaksþayelak TaMgnaMKñaedIrCab´tam
elakmkÉs)umTVar .
RBHmhaezr; :noOvaTTUnµandlĆnTaMgLayza ?
GñkTaMgLaykuMesayesakeLIy sg¡arTaMgLayekItmk
ehIynwgRtÚvEbkZøayeTAvijCaBitR:kd minRtÚvsgS&y kuMzaEt
sBVstVeLIy sUm|IEtRBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´ nigsavkTaMgLayk*
eKcminputGMBIkarEbkZøayTmøayxnÆenHeLIy nwgRtÚvEbkZøayeTA
dUc> KñaRKb´rUbnam GñkTaMgLayKb|IRbwgERbgbMeBjnUvGb|maTZm(
obribUN(cuH . kalelakoOvaTehIy k*ehaHeTAkan´éRBhimBanþ cuH
Ek|rRcaMgRsHqTÞnþ :nRsg´TwkkñúgRsHenaHeRscehIy eLIgmkesø{k
dNþb´s|g´ nigcIvroCabrimNÐl ehIycUlkanésnasn; cUlnieraZ-
smabtþirhUtdl´bcäimyam luHGruNeh[bEtnwgrHeLIgelakk*:nrMlt´
xnÆcUlkan´RBHniBVan kñúgxÞmEk|rRsHqTÞnþenaH .
kic©kñúgsrIrsBrbsélakmanBYkdMrI BYkeTvta nigRBHGriysg¹
RbmaN 500 rUb :nrYmKñamkeZVIQabnkic©sB kñúgkUdaKar KWpÞHkMBUl
RbmaN 9 eyaCn¾ EdlvisSkmµeTvbuRtnimµiteLIgCa ²Qabndðan³ ehIy

- 32 -
RBHGriysavkTaMgLay:nnaMnUvGdðiZaturbs´elak mkzVaydl´RBHman
RBHPaK . RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´RTg´TTYlkJ©b´GdðiZatuGMBIRBHGrhnþ
ehIy eTIbRTg´latRBHhsæeTAkñúgépÞRBHZrNI xN;enaH ectIy¾man
sNðanEbbCaPYgR:k´ ERCképÞBsuZamkR:kdeLIg eTIbRBHGg<bJ©úHGdði-
Zaturbs´RBHGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;edayRBHGg<Ég .
cMENkBYkdMrITaMgLay kalsøab´ehIyk*:neTAkan´suKtiPUmi
cb; CÍvRbvtþiRBHGBaØaekaNÐBaØetßr

- 33 -
CIvRbvtþiRB¼sarIbutþetSr 
EdlCaÉtTKÁ³ {EpñkxagmanbBaØaeRcIn}
RBHsarIbuRt manbJ¦ad*ótþm minmanRBHsavkrUbdéTNa
eRb{bpÞwm:neLIy ehIy:ntaMgenAkñúgtMENgGK<savkd*kMBUl
óbmadUcemT&B EdlnaMkgT&BZm(ecjeTAb®g,abBYkGZm( RBmTaMg
RTRTgńUvGMeBIlÁ CakMBUlktJ¦ÚktevTI RBmTaMgmanpllÁEdleZVI
TukCa²enti³CaEbbEpnd*lÁ EdlKYrcarwkTukkñúgRkeGAebHdUgrbs´BYk
CnGñkR:zñaZm( .
CIvRbvtþirbs´RBHsarIbutþetær mankt´RtaCaRbvtþisa®sþenAkñúgGdðkza
brmtæTIbnI EdlBnül´:lIkñúgKm¬IrxuTÞknikay ezrKaza kñúgGdðkzamena-
rzbUrNI EdlBnül´:lIKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay Ékni:t kñúgGdðkzabrmtæ-
eCatika GZib|aynavasURt Km¬IrxuTÞknikay sutþni:t nigkñúgGdðkzaKm¬Ir
ZmµbT kñúgymkvK< er]gsJ¢&y manesckþIza ?
RBHsarIbuRtmunnwgcUlmkbYskñúgRBHBuTÆsasnaenaH maneQµaHza
óbtisS; CabuRtrbs´ vg<nþ; EdlCaemRsúkkñúgRsúkmYyeQµaHza ób-
tisSRKam CYnkalehAza nalk; ß nalnÞa taMgenAminqáayGMBI
RkúgraCRKwH nigmanmataeQµaH nagsarI RtkUlrbsélakCaRtkUlsþúk
sþmÖ manRTBüdléTA 560 ekadikhabN; ç RBHsarIbuRtEdlmaneQµaH
za ²sarIbuRt³ eRBaHehAtameQµaHrbs´mata ßn&ymüägeT[t Baküza

- 34 -
sarIbuRtenH ERbza buRtrbs´Gñkelg:s,a Ettmkkalelakóbsm|Ta
ehIy mitþsRBhµcarIniymehAelakza sarIbuRt edayTUeTA ehIyeQµaH
edImóbtisS;eTIbrlub:téTA .
óbtisSmanbÁÚnRbús 3 nak´ KW 1- cunÞ; 2- óbesn 3- ervt;
nigmanbÁÚnRsI 3 nak´ KW 1- cala 2- óbcala 3- sIsubcala rYmTaMg
óbtisS;k*Ca 7 nak´ . RtkUlrbs´óbtisS;CaRtkUlEdlmaMmYnbribUN(
edayePaKsm|tþi nigbrivarCn EtenAmanRtkUlRBahµN¾mYyRtkUleT[t
enAkñúgRsúk ekalitRKam EdltaMgenAminqáayBIRkúgraCRKwH nigminqáay
BIRsúkóbtisSRKamenaH CaRtkUlEdlmanfan;esµInwgRtkUlrbs´ób-
tisS; RbZanRtkUlCaRJhµN¾emRsúk eQµaHza ekalitRJhµN¾
emaK<løaneKaRt PriyaeQµaHnag emaK<løI manbuRteQµaH ekalit;
taMgeQµaHtameQµaHRsúk ßehAtameQµaHeKaRtza emaK<løan CYnkal
ehAelaktameQµaHrbs´mata eQµaHza emaK<løan>enH :neRbIehA
rhUtmkdl´bYsCaRBHPik¡úehIy .
RtkUlTaMgBIrenHCasmøaj´sñiTÆsñalnwgKñaCab´t>mk 7 CMnan´buBV-
burs CaehtuoóbtisS; nigekalit; EdlmanGayuRskrKña:nCa
smøajńwgKñataMgBItUc> rhUtceRmInv&yZMeLIg GñkTaMgBIrmanbrivarmñak´>
500 óbtisS;eBleTAkan´óTüan ßkMBg´TwkrEmgeTARBmnwgbrivarTaMgenaH
EhhmeTA KWeTAedaybrivarEsgCayansRmab´Gg<úy cMENkekalit;
manrzTwmedayesHGaCaenyüCaBahn; . luHGñkTaMgBIrmanv&yZMeLIg
:ner[nsil|¾sa®sþEdlKYrer[nrYmKña TaMgGacer[ncb´:nyägrh&s

- 35 -
eRBaHCaGñkmanbJ¦asµartImutRsÜc . enARkúgraCRKwHenaHmanmehaRsB
RbcaMqñaMmYyRbePTehAza KirKsmC¢a KWmehaRsBelIkMBUlPMñ GñkTaMgBIr
:neTAemIlral´qñaMrhUtmhaCncaM:n BYkbrivarCnGñkTaMgBIr:ncatÉcg
TIGg<úysRmabóGñkTaMgBIrenaHkñúgTIEtmYy maNBTaMgBIrnaMKñaeTAemIl
mehaRsB nigGg<úyemIlkñúgTIEdleKer[bcMTukenaH :nrIkraykñúger]g
EdlnaMorIkray tk´søútkñúger]gEdlKYrotk´søút :norgVan´kñúgeBl
EdlKYro GñkTaMgBIrenaHeTAemIlmehaRsBdUecñH Caer[gral´qñaM .
ézámYy óbtisS; nigekalit;enaH bbYlKñaeTAemIlmehaRsBtam
RbRktIdUcqñaMmun> EtqñaMenHminmanesckþIrIkraydUckñúgqñaMmun> nigdléBl
RtÚvorgVan´ k*minorgVan´dUckalknøgmk eTACaesaHGeg<Iyvij eRBaH:rmI
jaNcas´køaehIy esckþIsøab´:nR:kdc|as´dl´óbtisS; GakardUecñH
:nekIteLIgdlékalit;Edr kalmehaRsBcb´ ÉGñkTsSnaRtLbéTA
GséhIy ekalit;sYreLIgza óbtisS;qñaMenHsmøaj´minsb|aydUcqñaM
mun> eyIgemIleTAGñkdUcCamanesckþIeRk{mRkMcitþ etIsmøaj´maner]gGVIß /
ekalit;smøaj´ GVIEdleyIgKYemIlkñúgEl|genHmansar;ß eRBaHtYGñk
sEmþgTaMgGsénHmindl´ 100 qñaMpg k*nwgsøab´:t´bgéTATaMgGs´ min
mannrNasl´ karemIlmehaRsBdUecñHKµanRbeyaCn¾GVIeLIy KYreyIg
EsVgrkemak¡Zm( KWZm(rYcputcakekItcas´QWsøab´lÁCag eyIgGg<úyKit
dUecñH ehIysYreTAekalit;vijza cMENksmøaj´ÉgmanKMnityägNaEdr /
ekalit;eqøIyza óbtisS; eyIgk*KitdUcÉgEdr xN;enaHób-
tisS;dwgzaekalit;manGZüaRs&ydUcxøÜn eTIbeBaleLIgza KMnitrbs´

- 36 -
eyIgTaMgBIrCaKMnitRtwmRtÚvehIy eyIgTaMgBIrnwgsVHEsVgrkemak¡Zm( kal
eNaHóbtisS; nigekalit;RBmedaybrivarkñúgmñak´ 250 seRmccitþzanwg
ecjbYs . ekalit;sYrza BYkeyIgbYskñúgsMNak´GñkNaeTAhñ@eTIblÁ
óbtisS;tbza BYkeyIgKYrbYskñúgsMNak´sJ¢&ybriBVaCk .
RKaenaHsJ¢&ybriBVaCk‘1’
taMgsMNakénAEk|rRkúgraCRKwH manbri-
BVaCkCabrivaryägeRcIn catĆasMNakÉdlmaneQµaHe:HsemøgmYykñúg
yuKsm&yenaH kalóbtisS; nigekalit;RBmeRB{gKñaza BYkeyIgnwg
bYskñúgsMNak´rbs´sJ¢&ybriBVaCk ehIyk*naMKñaeTAbYsRBmedaybrivar
rbs´xøÜn 500 nak´ . cabépþImBIGñkTaMgBIrenaHbYsCabriBVaCkehIy
sJ¢&ybriBVaCk:nkøayCaGñkmanlaPysyägelIslb´ óbtisS; nig
ekalitbriBVaCk:ner[nlTÆirbs´GacarüsJ¢&ycb´Gs´ kñúgeBlmin:n
bu¨nµanézápg GacarüsJ¢&yoCYybeRg{nsisSbnþ tmkGñkTaMgBIr:nsYr
GacarüsJ¢&yza bBiRtelakGacarü lTÆirbsélakGacarü manRtwm
bu¨NÑwgß> zaenAmanéRkElgCagenHeT[t .
GacarüsJ¢&yeqøIyza manRtwmbuëNÑHÉg lTÆirbs´xúMTaMgGs´BYk
Gñk:ner[ncb´GséhIy óbtisS; nigekalitbriBVaCksþab´BakütbenaH
ehIy eTIbKitza kalebIdUecñH karRbRBwtþiRBhµcriy;kñúgsMNak´Gacarü
sJ¢&yenHteTAeT[t k*KµanRbeyaCn¾GVI BYkeyIgecjmkbYsedIm|IEsVgrk
emak¡Zm( CaZm(rYcputcakkiels ebIBYkeyIgminGaceZVIoseRmc:nkñúg
sMNak´GacarüenHeT Cm¬ÚTVIbZMNas´BYkeyIgnwgRtacéTAtamRsúkniKm Kg´
‘1’
briBVaCk KWGñkbYseRkARBHBuTÆsasnamYyRbePT edayesø{ksBak´smanvaT;epSg>Kña

- 37 -
nwg:nCYbGacarüNamYy EdlGacsEmþgZm(CaeRK}gputcakkielsBMuxan
GñkTaMgBIr:ntaMgktikanwgKñaza ebIGñkNa:nseRmcGmtZm(mun GñkenaH
cUrR:bómñakéT[tdwgpgtaMgBIenaHmk . knøgmkoEtGñkTaMgBIr:ndwgza
mansmNRBahµN¾CabNiÐtkñúgTINa> óbtisS; nigekalitbriBVaCknaMKña
eTAkñúgTIenaH> .
mnusSTaMgLayminGaceqøIybJØaEdlGñkTaMgBIr:nsYr EbrCabri-
BVaCkTaMgBIrenaH RtÚveqøIybJØaomnusSTaMgenaHsþab´vij GñkTaMgBIr:n
RtacéTAeBjCm¬ÚTVIb ehIyRtLb´mkkan´sMNak´rbs´xøÜnvij .
kñúgsm&yenaH RBHbrmsasþaRtas´dwgeLIgzµI> RTg´RbkasRBHZm(
d*RbesIr ehIyyageTAkanńKrraCRKwH edIm|IRbtisðanRBHsasna CadMbUg
:neR:sCdil 3 nak´bgbÁÚn nigbrivar 1 Ban´ ehIyRTgńaMPik¡úCdilTaMg
GséTAKg´kñúgsYnetñatCMTg´ nigRTgéTsnaeR:sRBH:TBim¬isar RBm
edayraCbrivarotaMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl nigéRtsrNKmn¾ RBHraCaRTg´
zVayevLúv&nóTüanCasg¹aramdMbUgkñúgRBHBuTÆsasnaenH kalRBHbrm-
sasþaRTg´TTYlevLúv&nmhaviharehIy :nRbzab´KgénArYmnwgPik¡úCdil
TaMgGsénaH . kñúgRKaenaH GsSCiPik¡úCaBYkPik¡úbJ©vKI<y¾ enAkñúgKN;rbs´
RBHGrhnþsavk 60 rUbdMbUg :nnimnþmkdl´RkúgraCRKwH RBwkeLIgelak
RKgcIvrbI:Rt ehIycUleTAbiNÐ:tkñúgRkúgraCRKwHtaMgBIRBlwm RBwkenaH
óbtisSbriBVaCkbriePaKGaharRBwkehIy :neTAkan´Garamrbs´BYkbriBVa-
Ck k*:neXIjGsSCietærmancitþRCHzøaeTIbKitza bBVCitdUecñHeyIgminZøab´
eXIjeLIy buK<lNaCaRBHGrhnþ ßCaGñkedIrtampøÚvrbs´RBHGrhnþman

- 38 -
enAkñúgelakenH bBVCitenHR:kdCamnusSmñak´kñúgbNþabuK<lTaMgenaH eTaH
CayägNa eyIgnwgsYrbBVCitenHo:ndwgzaelaktaMgcitþbYscMeBaHGñk
Na GñkNaCasasþarbsélak ßzaelakeBjcitþkñúgZm(rbs´GñkNa
EtnwkeXIjza eBlenHminsmKYrsYrbJØanwgbBVCitenH eRBaHPik¡úenHkMBug
Rtac´biNÐ:tkñúgcenøaHRsúk EteNØIycuH eyIgnwgedIrCab´tameRkaybBV-
CitenHeTAedIm|InwgsYrkñúgOkassmKYr .
óbtisSbriBVaCkeXIjRBHGsSCietær nimnþbiNÐ:tkñúgRkúgraCRKwH
kal:ncgØanéhIyRtLbécjeTAedIm|IrkkEnøgqan´ luHRCabza elak
R:zñanwgKg´qan´ k*RkalGasn;rbs´xøÜnRbeKn kñúgevlaRBHezr;qanéhIy
k*RbeKnTwkkñúgl&k,can´rbs´xøÜneT[t kaleZVIGacriyvtþdUecñHehIy eTIb
R:Rs&yedayBaküeBcn¾yägBIeraHnwgRBHGsSCietær :nsYrza elak
m©as´ «®nIÞy¾rbsélakpUrpg´éRkElg BN(sm|úrk*brisuTÆelaktaMgcitþ
bYscMeBaHGñkNa GñkNaCasasþarbsélak elakeBjcitþkñúgZm(rbs´
GñkNa / RBHGsSCieqøIyza manRBHmhasmN;CabuRtsküraCecjcak
sküRtkUl bYsehIyeyIgtaMgcitþbYscMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKenaH RBHman
RBHPaKenaHCasasþarbséyIg> eBjcitþkñúgZm(rbs´RBHmanRBHPaKenaH .
óbtisSbriBVaCksYredaykarcab´GarmµN¾yägxøaMgza RBHsasþa
rbsélakmanRbRktIeRb{nRbedAyägNa / GsSCiPik¡úBicarNaemIlza Ca
RbRktIBYkbriBVaCkrEmgCabdibkScMeBaHRBHBuTÆsasna eyIgnwgsEmþg
CeRmARBHBuTÆsasnadl´briBVaCkenH KitdUecñHehIyk*RbkasxøÜnza eyIg
CaGñkbYszµI eTIbmkkan´Zmµvin&yenHzµI eyIgminGacsEmþgZm(oBisþar:n

- 39 -
eT EteyIgnwgsEmþgcMeBaHEtxøwmsarbuëNÑaH . óbtisS;Kitza eyIg
eQµaHzaóbtisS; CaGñkGacdwgc|asńUvZm(ticßeRcIn:n edayn&yTaMg
ryTaMgBan´ KitdUecñHehIyeBalza elakm©as´sEmþgeRcInßtick*edaycuH
sUmsEmþgcMeBaHEtxøwmsarEdlmanRbeyaCn¾buëNÑaH xúMRtÚvkarxøwmsarCa
sMxan´ karsEmþgBüJ¢n;eRcIn ßBaküniyayeRcInmanRbeyaCn¾GVIeTA .
kalóbtisSbriBVaCkeBalyägenH eTIbRBHGsSCietæreBalKazaza
ey Zmµa ehtub|Pva etsM ehtuM tzaKeta
etsJ© eya nieraeZa c ÉvM vaTI mhasmeNa .
Zm(TaMgLayNaekItBIehtu RBHtzaKtRTg´Rtas´sEmþgnUvehtuén
Zm(TaMgLayenaH nigkarrMltńUvehtuénZm(TaMgLayenaH RBHmhasmN;
RTg´manRbRktITUnµanyägenH .
óbtisS:nsþab´ZmµkzaenH RtwmEt 2 :TdMbUgbuëNÑaH k*taMgenA
kñúgesatabtþiplEdlbribUN(edayBanń&y luHcbéTsnaelakk*:nCa
esatabnñKWCaRBHGriybuK<lzñak´dMbUgkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna . kñúgdIkaza luH
óbtisS;:nseRmcCaRBHesatabnñehIy k*kMNt´dwg:nza KuNviess
zñak´x¬sĆagenHnwgenAmanteTAeT[t kñúgZmµvin&yenHBit eTIbRkabTUlRBH
ezr;za sUmelakkuMsEmþgZm(oéRkElgCagenHeTAeLIy cUrpÁakRtwm
buëNÑHsincuH ehIysYrza RBHsasþarbséyIgRTg´KgénATINa / RBHezr;
eqøIyza RBHsasþaKgénAkñúgevLúv&nmhavihar .
bBiRtelakm©as´ ebIdUecñaHelaknimnþeTAmuncuH xúMmansmøaj´mñak´
edayeyIgTaMgBIr:neZVIktikanwgKñaza GñkNa:nseRmcGmtZm(mun Gñk

- 40 -
enaHRtÚvR:bómñakéT[tdwgpg xúMnwgeTAedaHkarebþCaenaHsin eTIbnaMsmøaj´
eTAkan´sMNak´RBHsasþatameRkay óbtisS;eBalehIyRkabcuHeT[b
:TaTaMgBIrrbs´GsSCietær edaybJ©g<Rbtisðan nigeZVIRbTkSiN 3 CuM
ehIyk*bJ¢ÚnRBHezr;eTA ÉxøÜnÉgeq¬aHmuxeTAkan´sMNak´rbsékalit; .
rIÉekalitbriBVaCkeXIjóbtisS;mkBIcmáay seg,tdwgza ézáenHTwkmux
smøaj´rbséyIgmindUcézámun> eKBitCa:nseRmcGmtZm(ehIyemIleTA
luHóbtisS;cUlmkCitsYrza smøaj´:nseRmcGmtZm(ehIyß / ób-
tisS;eqøIyza EmnehIysmøajéyIg:nseRmcGmtZm(ehIy nig:n
er[brabér]g Edl:nCYbRBHGsSCietæroekalitbriBVaCksþab´rhUtdl´
cb´KazaenaHmþgeT[t .
ekalitbriBVaCksþabćb´k*:ntaMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl dUcóbtisS
briBVaCkEdr ehIysYróbtisS;za xN;enHRBHsasþarbs´BYkeyIgenATI
Na óbtisS;R:b´za GsSCiCaGacarürbséyIgR:b´za enAvtþevLúv&n .
ebIdUecñaH eyIgnaMKñaeTAKal´RBHsasþaeTAsmøaj´ ekalit;bbYldUecñHPøam
É óbtisS;niyayza smøajéGIy eyIgTaMgBIr:nseRmcGmtZm(ehIy
eyIgKYrR:b´dl´GacarüsJ¢&ybriBVaCksin edIm|IoGacarüsJ¢&y:n
Rtas´dwgpg EtebImin:nRtas´dwg kalGacarüsJ¢&yeC]BYkeyIg Kgńwg
eTAKal´RBHsasþa :nsþab´ZmµeTsnarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©aséhIy nwg:n
seRmcmK<plEdr .
lMdabénaHGñkTaMgBIrnaMKñaeTAkan´sMNak´GacarüsJ¢&y luHGa-
carüsJ¢&yeXIj:nsYreLIgCamunza etIBYkGñk:nCYbGñksEmþgGmt-

- 41 -
Zm(ehIyß GñkTaMgBIreqøIyza :nCYbehIyelakGacarü nig:nR:bńUv
karekIteLIgénRBHrtnRt&yza RBHBuTÆekIteLIgehIykñúgelak RBHZm(ekIt
eLIgehIykñúgelak RBHsg¹ekIteLIgehIykñúgelak GeJ¢IjmkcuHelak
Gacarü BYkeyIgnaMKñaeTAKal´RBHsasþaCamYyKña . GacarüsJ¢&y bdiesZ
za BYkGñkkuMeTAGMBITIenHeLIy BYkGñkcUrenAkñúgTIenH edIm|IrkSasMNak´
bdibtþieyIgteTAeT[t eyIgminGaceTANa:neT . GñkTaMgBIrsYrza ehtu
GVIeTIbelakGacarümineTAKal´RBHsasþa GacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇ eRBaHeyIgCaGacarü
rbs´mhaCneTAehIy PaBCasisSrbs´RBHsasþaenaHrEmgdUcCaRkeBIZM
kñúgGagTwktUc eyIgminGacCasisSrbs´GñkdéT:neT GñkTaMgBIrGgVrkr
za sUmelakGacarükuMKitdUecñaHeLIy BYkeyIgnaMKñaeTAKal´RBHsasþalÁ
Cag GacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇ eNØIycuHGñk edayehtuplNak*eday eyIgminGaceTA
:neT sisSÇsisSÇsisSÇsisSÇ elakGacarü cab´taMgBIRBHBuTÆób|tþieLIgkñúgelakehIy
mhaCnnaMKñakan´ eRK}gsk,ar;manp,aCaedImeTAbUCa sUm|IBYkxúMk*nwgnaMKñaeTA
TIenaHEdr etIelakGacarüKityägNa GacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇ kñúgelakenHmanmnusS
lágéRcIn ßmanmnusSqøateRcIn sisSÇsisSÇsisSÇsisSÇ mnusSlág´maneRcIn cMENk
mnusSqøatmanticNasélakGacarü GacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇGacarüÇ ebIdUecñaHBYkmnusSqøat>
cUreTArkRBHsmNeKatmcuH cMENkBYkmnusSlágńwgmkrkeyIg EteyIg
minGaceTA:neT GacarüsJ¢&yeBaledayesckþItUccitþ eRBaHBicarNa
eXIjza briBVaCkTaMgBIrnwgminenAkñúgsMNakénHteTAeT[ttamBakürbs´
xøÜn eTIbGnuJ¦atza BYkGñkcUrnaMKñaeTAcuH . kalóbtisS; nigekalit;min
GacBnülóGacarüsJ¢&yyléday ehtuplepSg> tamEdlENnaM

- 42 -
rbs´xøÜn:n eTIbnaMKñalaGacarüehIyeBalza elakGacarünwgdwgehtu
pledayxøÜnÉg . munecjcaksMNak´:nnaMKñaeTAlabriBVaCk 500 nak´
EdlCabrivarrbs´xøÜn edayR:bódwgzanwgeTARbRBwtþRBhµcriyZm(kñúg
sMNak´RBHmanRBHPaK Ébrivar 250 nak´:nCab´tameTA 250 nakéT[t
:nlaePTeTACaRKhsæ .
ÉsJ¢&ybriBVaCkemIleXIjGaramsáat´sUnü mankarQWcitþrhUt
dl´kÁÜtQam óbtisS; nigekalitbriBVaCkRBmTaMgbrivar 250 nak´
naMKñaeTAkan´vtþevLúv&n kñúgeBlenaHRBHsasþakMBugKg´sEmþgZm(kñúgCnuMbri-
s&T 4 RTg´RCabehtukarN¾EdlekIteLIgTaMgGsédayRBHjaN eTIb
Rtas´R:b´Pik¡úTaMgLayza enaHhñ@ ! smøaj´TaMgBIrKW óbtisS; nigekalit;
kMBugmkrktzaKt nu@HÉgCaKUsavkd*RbesIrrbs´tzaKt nwgCaGK<savk
d*kMBUlrbs´tzaKt .
briBVaCkTaMgBIrnaMbrivarTaMgGsćUlzVaybg<MKaléhIy Gg<úykñúgTI
d*smKYrmYy luHGg<úycuHehIyk*RkabTUlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK sUmo
xúMRBHGg<TaMgLay :nbBVC¢aóbsm|TakñúgsMNak´RBHmanRBHPaKpgcuH .
RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za GñkcUrmkCaPik¡úcuH Zm(EdltzaKt:nsEmþglÁ
ehIy GñkTaMgLaycUrRbRBwtþRBhµcriy;edIm|IeZVInUvTIbMputTuk¡edayRbéBcuH
karbYsdUecñHehAza ÉhiPik¡úóbsm|Ta edaymanRBHmanRBHPaKCaób-
CÄay¾ RbTankarbYsedayRBHGg<Ég . kalRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´GnuJ¦at
dl´briBVaCkTaMgenaHoCaPik¡úehIy Pik¡úTaMgGsénaHman:Rt nigcIvrsMerc
ehIyeday#TÆimkBak´ragkay emIleTAdUcRBHezr;manvsSa 60 dUecñaH .

- 43 -
lMdab´tmk eTIbRBHmanRBHPaKeR:sRbTanRBHZm(eTsna oRtÚv
nwgGZüaRs&yénbrivarrbs´Pik¡úTaMgBIrenaH Pik¡úTaMgGs´:nseRmcZm(Can´
x¬s´kñúgRBHBuTÆsasna CaRBHGrhnþTaMgGs´ ev[rEtRBHóbtisS; nigeka-
lit;ecj EdlminTan´:nseRmcCaRBHGrhnþ RBHóbtisS; nigekalit;
kalbYsehIyeQµaHóbtisS;bþÚrCaRBHsarIbuRt ekalit;dUrCamhaemaK<-
løan ehIyeQµaHedImrbsélakTaMgBIrk*rlub:téTA edayminmannrNa
ehAeT[teLIy rab´BIézábYsehIy 7 ézá RBHmhaemaK<løan:nseRmc
Grhtþpl cMENkRBHsarIbuRtbYsehIyknøg 15 ézá eTIb:nseRmcRBH
Grhtþpl enAnalÁagsukrxataPMñKiCÄkUd CitRkúgraCRKwH .
kñúg:lITIXnxsURt Km¬IrmCÄimnikay mCÄimbNÑasksEmþgza
kalRBHsarIbuRtbYsehIy:n 15 ézá kñúgézámYyRBHbrmsasþaKgénA
lÁagsukrxataPMñKiCÄkUd CitRkúgraCRKwH manbriBVaCkmñakéQµaH TIXnx-
GK<ievsSneKatþ CakµÜyrbs´RBHsarIbuRt cUleTAKal´RBHsasþaeBalvaca
rak´TakńwgRBHmanRBHPaK ehIyQrenAkñúgTId*smKYrmYy eTIbRkabTUlnUv
karyléXIjrbs´xøÜnza bBiRtRBHeKatm xúMmankaryl´za vtæúTaMgBYgmin
KYrdl´xúM> mineBjcitþTaMgGs´ . RBHbrmsasþaRtas´za mñalGK<ievsSn;
ebIdUecñaH karylýägenaHk*minKYrdl´GñkEdr GñkminKYrKabćitþnwgkaryl´
dUecñaHeT luHRtas´dUecñHehIy eTIbRTg´sEmþgTidðirbs´smNRJhµN¾ 3
BYkza mñalGK<ievsSn; smNRJhµN¾BYkmYymanTidðiza vtæúTaMgBYgKYr
dléyIg> KabćitþRKbýäg . BYkmYyeT[tmanTidðiza vtæúTaMgBYgminKYr
dléyIg> minKabćitþRKbýäg nigmYyBYkeT[tyl´za vtæúxøHKYrdl´

- 44 -
eyIg> Kabćitþ vtæúxøHminKYrdléyIg> minKabćitþ TaMgRTg´bgØajo
eXIjeTas ó:yCaeRK}glHbg´TidðienaH> nigó:yCaeRK}gminRbkan´maM
teTA ehIyRBHbrmsasþaRTg´sEmþgRBHZmµeTsnaeQµaH evTnabriK<h-
sURt edayRtas´za mñalGK<ievsSn; evTnaman 3 Rbkar KW suxevTna
1 Tuk¡evTna 1 GTuk¡msuxevTna 1 kalNabuK<l:nTTYlsuxevTna
mankaresayGarmµN¾Casux kñúgkalenaHmin:nTTYlevTna 2 déTeT[t .
kñúgkalNabuK<l:nTTYlTuk¡evTna KWmankaresayGarmµN¾Ca
Tuk¡ ßGTuk¡msuxevTna KWmankaresayGarmµN¾minsuxminTuk¡ kñúgkalenaH
k*min:nTTYlevTna 2 déTeT[t . evTnaTaMg 3 RbkarenH suTÆEtmineT[g
ekItBIbc©&yRtÚvbc&©takÉtg mankarGséTAsUnüeTA vinaseTA rltéTACa
Zmµta . mñalGK<ievsSn; kalRBHGriysavk:nsþab´dUecñHehIy rEmg
en]yNaykñúgevTnaTaMg 3 enH kalebIen]yNayehIyk*R:scak
teRmk kalebIR:scakteRmkk*rYcput kalebIrYcputk*dwgc|as´za citþput
cakkielsehIy dwgzaCatiGséhIy RBhµcriy;enAcbéhIy kic©Na
KYreZVIk*:neZVIcbéhIy minmankic©déTEdlKYreZVIeT[teLIy . GñkEdlman
citþputcakkielsehIyyägenH rEmgminniyaypSMEGbnwgGñkNa min
niyayTTwgTasńwgGñkNa vacaNaEdleKniyay eKeRbIedIm|Iosþab´Kña
:nkñúgelakk*eBaltamBaküenaH .
kalTIXnxbriBVaCkbJ¢ÚncitþeTAtamRkEsRBHZm( k*:nseRmcCa
RBHesatabnñ pþac´Tidðanus&ydac´RsLH GsésckþIsgS&ykñúgRBHBuTÆ-
sasna ehIyzVayxøÜnCaó:skcMeBaHRBHP®kþRBHBuTÆGg< . kñúgRKaenaH

- 45 -
RBHsarIbuRtGg<úybk´pøitzVay enAxageRkayRBHbrmsasþa :nsþab´RBH-
ZmµeTsnaEdlsEmþgoTIXnxGK<ievsSn;enaH k*BicarNatamExSRBHZm(
eTA citþ:nrYcputcakGasv;minmanó:Tan dl´TIbMputénsavk:rmIjaN
dUcbuK<lbriePaKGahar EdleKdYssRmab´GñkdéTdUecñaH . kñúgGdðkza
ZmµbT ymkvK<mansEmþgza etIRBHsarIbuRtCaGñkmanbJ¦aeRcInBitEmnß
ehtuGVIeTIbdl´savk:rmIjaNyWtyUrCagRBHmhaemaK<løan /
mancemøIyza eRBaHCaGñkeRcInedaybrikmµ ‘ karBicarNa ’ eRb{b:n
nwgmnusSTuK(tRtÚvkareTANaGaceTA:nPøam cMENkRBHraCaRtÚvkaryag
eTANa luHEtmank|ÜnEhhm KWmankarer[bcMyUr RtÚveRt{mraCBahn;dMrI
nigcturg<esnaCaedIm eTIbyagNamij esckIþenHk*dUecñaHEdr . ézásMerc
KuNviessrbs´RBHZmµesnabtIsarIbuRt RtÚvnwgézáeBjbUrmIExmaX RBH
brmsasþaRTg´eZVIcturg<snñi:tkñúgvtþevLúv&nRkúgraCRKwH ehIyRbTantMENg
GK<savksþaMoRBHsarIbuRt nigGK<savkeqVgodl´RBHemaK<løan .
karEdlRBHbrmsasþaRbTantMENgGK<savk dl´RBHezr;TaMgBIr
enaH manPik¡úCaeRcInecaTRBHGg<za RTg´RbTantMENgedayyl´mux eRBaH
zatamEdlKYr RTg´KYrRbTantMENgGK<savkdl´bJ©vK<Iy¾EdlbYs mun
ebIminEmnbJ©vK<Iy¾ k*KYrRbTandl´Pik¡ú 55 rUb manRBHysetærCa RbZan
ßk*dl´BYkPTÞvK<iyPik¡ú 30 ßk*dl´Pik¡ú 3 nak´bgbÁÚn manóruevl-
ksSb;CaedIm EtRBHsasþaRTg´rMlgPik¡úTaMgenaHecalGs´ EbrCaRbTan
tMENgGK<savkdl´Pik¡úEdlbYseRkayPik¡úTaMgenaHvij edayyl´dl´mux .
RBHsasþaRtas´sYrza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay BYkGñksnÞnaer]gGVI kalBYkPik¡ú

- 46 -
RkabTUloRTg´RCabehIy RBHGg<RTg´Rtas´za mñalPik¡úTaMgLay tzaKt
min:notMENgdl´BYkPik¡úeRBaHyl´muxeLIy tzaKtotambMNgEdl
Pik¡úenaH:nR:zñamkepSg>Kña dUcCaGJ¦aekaNÐJ¦;eZVITanedaysnÞÚgd*
RbNIt 9 elIkkñúgGtItCati k*min:nR:zñaCaGK<savkeT Et:nR:zña
edIm|IoseRmcCaRBHGriy;munbuK<lTaMgBYg nigCakMBUlxagrtþJ¦Ú bYsmun
eK . RBHysRBmedaysmøaj´ 54 nakéT[t eZVIbuNüCaeRcInkñúgsMNak´
RBHsuemZsmµasm¬úTÆ ehIyR:zñaRtwmEtoCaRBHGrhnþbuëNÑaH min:n
R:zñatMENgNamYyeLIy eRBaHZøab´:nnaMKñadutsB :nGsuPnimitþCa
bc©&yer]y> naMoen]yNaykñúgkamenACatienH .
BYkPTÞvK<iyPik¡ú 30 rUb BIGtItZøab´rkSasIl 5 nigeZVIkusldéT
eT[t ehIytaMgR:zñao:nCaRBHGrhnþkñúgsMNak´RBHBuTÆTaMgLay min
:nR:zñatMENgÉtTK<;NamYyeLIy . cMENkóruevlksSb; kñúgkal
rbs´RBHbTumutþrsm¬úTÆ :nzVaymhaTanehIyR:zñaoCakMBUlGñkmanbri-
vareRcIn Etmin:nR:zñatMENgGK<savkdUcsarIbuRt nigemaK<løaneT .
Pik¡úTaMgLayRkabTUlsYrRBHGg<za bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK etIGK<-
savkTaMgBIr:neZVIGVI kñúgkalNa RBHGg< ! RBHmanRBHPaKRtaséqøIyza
mñalPik¡úTaMgLay GK<savkTaMgBIr:neZVIesckIþR:zñaedIm|ICaGK<savk kñúg
sm&ykalénGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆ .
kñúgKm¬IrGdðkzamenarzbUrNI GdðkzaÉtTK<:lI nig Gdðkza
ZmµbTymkvK< kñúger]gsJ¢&y nigGdðkzamenarzbUrNI xuTÞk-
nikay GbTan sEmþgza ?

- 47 -
kñúgTIbMputmYyGseg¡yükb| nigmYyEsnmhakb|knøgmkehIy
RBHsarIbuRtekItkñúgRtkUlRJhµN¾mhasal maneQµaHza srT; Émha
emaK<løan ekItkñúgRtkUlKbtImhasal maneQµaHza sirIvD¿; GñkTaMgBIr
nakénaH :nCasmøajélgZUlIrYmKñataMgBIekµg . kalbitasøabéhIy
srTmaNB:nRKb´RKgRTBüsm|tþiCaeRcIn EdlCamt(kRbcaMRtkUlRtÚv
:nmkxøÜn ézámYy xN;EdlsrTmaNBenAkñúgTIsáat´ manesckIþRtiHriH
ekIteLIgza eyIgdwgEtGtþPaBkñúgelakenHbuëNÑaH cMENkkñúgGtþPaBkñúg
brelakeyIgmindwg esckIþsøab´rbs´stVTaMgLayEdlekItehIy rEmg
CarbséT[gTat´ eyIgKYrbYsEsVgrkZm(CaeRK}gputTuk¡CakarlÁ KitdUecñH
ehIy:neTArksmøaj´sirIvD¿; R:b´za En@smøaj´ eyIgnwgbYsEsVgrk
emak¡Zm( etIsmøajéTAbYsCamYyeyIg:neT sirIvD¿;eqøIyza eyIgmin
GaceTAbYs:neT cUrsmøaj´bYsmñak´ÉgcuH .
srTmaNBsþab´sirIvD¿;bdiesZKitza GñkeTAkanélakxagmux
nwgnaMjatimitþeTACamYymin:n GñkeZVIkmµNakmµenaHnwgR:kddl´GñkenaH
luHKitdUecñHehIy k*oeKebIkC®gúk nigXøaMgykGg,r R:k´ masbric©aKCa
mhaTandl´mnusSkMRBa GñkeZVIdMeNIrqáay GñksUmTan ehIyecjeTAbYs
Catabs edaymanGñkecjbYstammþg> 2-3 nak´ Cajwkjab´rhUtman
cMnYn 8 mWun 4 Banńak´ . cMENksrTtabsenaH RbwgERbgbMeBjvtþ
bdibtþirhUt:nseRmcsmabtþi 8 GPiJ¦a 5 ehIybeRg{nksiNbrikmµ
dl´BYkGñkbYsCabrivarTaMgenaH tmkBYkbrivarTaMgGs´:nseRmcsmabtþi
8 GPiJ¦a 5 pgEdr .

- 48 -
kñúgkaleNaH RBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆRTg´ób|tþieLIgkñúgelak
RBHnKrrbs´RBHGg<eQµaHza cnÞvtI RBHBuTÆbitaCaRBHraCaRTg´RBHnamza
RBH:Tysvnþ; RBHBuTÆmataRTg´RBHnamza RBHnagyesaZra edImeQI
CaTIRtas´dwgeQµaHza G®g<g RBHGK<savkxagsþaMeQµaH nisSPetær GK<-
savkeqVgeQµaH Genametær Pik¡úCaóbdðakeQµaH vruNetær GK<savikaxag
sþaMeQµaH sunÞrezrI GK<savikaxageqVgeQµaH sumnaezrI .
RBHCnµayurbs´RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆenaH mankMNt´mYyEsnqñaM
RBHsrIr;rbs´RBHGg<kMBs´ 58 htæ RBHrsµICaRbcaMpSayeTAcmáay 12
eyaCn¾ Pik¡úsg¹brivarCaRbcaMmanmYyEsnrUb . sm&yézámYy eBlRBH-
GenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´ecjcakmhakruNasmabtþi kñúgeBleT[bPWø ehIy
RTg´RbemIlemIlstVelak :neXIjsrTtabs eTIbRTg´BicarNaza
ebItzaKtnwgeTAkan´sMNak´rbs´srTtabskñúgézáenH nwgmanmhaZmµ-
eTsna srTtabsnwgR:zñatMENgGK<savk ÉsirIvD¿;Casmøaj´rbs´
srTtabsenaH nwgR:zñatMENgGK<savkTI 2 kñúgeBlcb´RBHZmµeTsna
Cdil 8 mWun 4 Ban´nak´ Cabrivarrbs´srTtabsenaHnwgseRmcGrhtþ-
pl smKYrtzaKtnwgeTAkñúgTIenaH RTg´RBHtRmiHdUecñHehIy k*RTg´kan´:Rt
nigcIvrrbs´RBHGg<edaymin:nRtas´R:b´dl´GñkNamYyeLIy ehIy
esþcyageTAEtmYyRBHGg<ÉgdUcesþcraCsIh¾ . kalBYkkUnsisSrbs´
srTtabsnaMKñaeTAEsVgrkEpøeQItUcZM RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´GZidðanza
sUmosrTtabscUrs<al´za tzaKtCaRBHsm¬úTÆ ehIyRBHGg<cuHcakGa-
kaskñúgTIcMeBaHmuxrbs´srTtabsEdlkMBugemIl nigRTg´Rbzab´QrelI

- 49 -
EpndI .
srTtabseXIjRBHBuTÆanuPaB nigRBHsrIrsm|tþirbs´RBHBuTÆGg<
eTIbBicarNaemIltamtRmaemIllk¡N; k*dwg:nzaGñkRbkbeday
lk¡N;d*elceZøadUecñH kalenARKb´RKgpÞHnwg:nCaesþccRkBtþi ebIecj
bYsnwg:nCasBVJ¦ÚBuTÆ mhabursenHR:kdCaRBHBuTÆCam©asédaymin
sgS&y eTIbeZVIkarbdisNðar;:nRkabzVaybg<MedaybJ©g<Rbtisðan nig
er[bcMGasn;zVay RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆk*Rbzab´Kg´ ÉsrTtabs:n
Gg<úyelIGasn;d*smKYrdl´xøÜn . kñúgkalenaHBYkCdil 8 mWun 4 Banńak´
:nnaMykEpøeQItUcZMEdllÁ> manOCarsRtLb´mkdl´GaRsm eXIj
Gasn;rbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´ nigGasn;GacarüEdlTabx¬s´xusKña eTIb
niyayza bBiRtelakGacarüBYkxúMyl´za kñúgelakenHGñkEdlZMCag
elakGacarüminman cMENkbursenHhak´dUcCaZMCagelakGacarü . sr-
TtabseBalza kUneGIy ehtuGIk*BYkGñkeBaldUecñH BYkGñkeRb{bPMñ
sienruEdlx¬s´ 6 laneyaCn¾oesµInwgRKab´és¬ BYkGñkkuMeRb{bxúMCamYy
nwgRBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©aséLIy . ÉBYktabsTaMgenaHmankaryléXIjza
ebIGñkenHCamnusSZmµta Gacarürbs´BYkeyIgR:kdCamineRb{beZ[bdUecñH
eT bursenHR:kdCaGñkRTRTg´KuNd*ZMéRkElg k*naMKñazVaybg<MRkabcuHelI
EpndI .
kñúgRKaenaH srTtabsR:b´za kUneGIy eTyüZm(d*smKYrdl´RBH
BuTÆCam©as´minman xN;enHRBHCinRsIsasþa:nyagmkTIenHkñúgeBl
Pik¡acar BYkeyIgnwgRbeKnnUveTyüZm(tammantam:n EpøeQItUcZMTaMg-

- 50 -
Layd*RbNItEdlBYkGñknaMmkodl´xúM BYkGñkcUrnaMEpøeQItUcZMTaMgenaH
mk eBaldUecñHehIyxøÜnÉgk*:nlagEpøeQITaMgenaH luHlagehIyk*naM
mkdak´kñúg:Rtrbs´RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆCam©as´ . kalRBHGenamTsSI-
sm¬úTÆRTg´TTYlRbeKn eTvtaTaMgLay:ndak´TiBVOCaeTAkñúg:RtenaH sr-
TtabszVayEpøeQIehIyk*:nmkRtgTwkzVaypÞal´édr kalRBHGenam-
TsSIsm¬úTÆCam©asésayeRsc srTtabsk*ehABYkGenþvasikTaMgGs´mk
CMuKña :nnaMKñaGg<úyenACitTIRbzab´Kg´rbs´RBHGg< kñúgeBlenaHRBHGena-
mTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´rMBwgza GK<savkTaMgBIrcUrmkrYmCamYynwgPik¡úsg¹ RBH
GK<savkTaMgBIrdwgnUvBuTÆbMNg eTIbmkRBmnwgRBHxINaRsBmYyEsnrUb
cUlzVaybg<MKal´RBHsasþa ehIyQrKal´kñúgTId*smKYrdl´fan;rbs´
xøÜn> srTtabseXIjPik¡úsg¹mkeRcIn eTIbbJ¢aBYkkUnsisSza Gasn;
Rbzab´Kg´rbs´RBHBuTÆCam©asénATab ÉGasn;sRmab´Pik¡úsg¹mYyEsn
rUbk*minman KYrEtBYkGñkeZVIsk,arbUCaRBHBuTÆGg< oéRkElgCagenH sUmo
BYkGñkeTAnaMp,aeQIEdlmanBN( nigkiønRkGUbmkGMBIeCIgPMñcuH. ry;eBl
EdlniyayenaHhak´dUcCayWtCag Évis&yrbs´Gñkman#TÆiTaMgLayrEmg
CaGcienþyü KWminKYrKitdléRBaHputvis&yrbs´buzuC¢n KWmnusSEdlenA
mankielsRkas´ eRbIeBlRtwmEtmYyRsbk´buëNÑaHÉg tabsTaMgenaH
:nnaMp,aeQIEdlbribUN(edayBN( nigkøin mkRbdab´takÉtgCaGasn;
p,aeQIkMBs´ 1 eyaCn¾ sRmabĆaTIKg´Rbzab´rbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´ cMENk
Gasn;p,asRmab´RBHGK<savkTaMgBIrrUbenaH kMBs´:n 3 Kavut sRmab´
RBHPik¡úTaMgLayeRkABIenaH 2 Kavut sRmab´Pik¡úzµIkMBs´:n 1 ósP; ×

- 51 -
mYyeKaeraT¾ ‘ enHCargVas´sm&yenaH ’ .
kaltabsTaMgenaHer[bcMGasn;eRscehIy srTtabsQr
RbNmüGBa¢lIeq¬aHeTArkRBHP®kþRBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆ ehIyRkabTUlza
bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK sUmRBHGg<RTgńimnþeLIgRbzab´KgélIGasn;p,aenH
edIm|IRbeyaCn¾ edIm|IesckIþsuxdl´xúMRBHGg<TaMgLayGs´kalCaGEgVg .
luHRBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´Rbzab´KgéhIy RBHGK<savkTaMgBIr nigPik¡ú
sg¹TaMgGs´k*eLIgKgélIGasn;rbs´xøÜntamlMdab´vsSa srTtabs:n
QrkanésVtcäRtp,aeQI :MgzVaycMeBaHRBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆ > RTg´RBH
tRmiHza sk,ar;enHrbs´BYkCdilcUrmanpleRcIn ehIyRTgćUlnieraZ-
smabtþi cMENkRBHGK<savkTaMgBIrrUb nigPik¡úsg¹TaMgGs´luHdwgzaRBH
brmsasþaRTgćUlnieraZsmabtþiehIy k*:ncUlnieraZsmabtþipgEdr
kalRBHGenamTsSIRTgćUlnieraZsmabtþirhUt 7 ézáenaH luHdléBl
Pik¡acar BYkkUnsisSrbs´srTtabs k*naMKñaecjeTArkEpøeQIemImeQI
briePaK rYcRtLb´mkQrRbNmüGJ¢lIzVaybg<MRBHBuTÆCam©as´ nigPik¡ú
sg¹kñúgTIenaH EtsrTtabsmin:necjPik¡acareLIy :nQr:MgesVtcä®t
p,adUecñaHedaybItirhUt 7 ézá kalRKb´ 7 ézá RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´
ecjcaknieraZsmabtþiehIy RtasónisSPGK<savkEdlGg<úyenAxag
sþaMRBHGg<za mñalnisSP;GñkcUrGnuemaTnaGasn;p,arbs´BYktabsTaMg
enHEdl:neZVIkarbUCayägéRkElg . RBHnisSPetæreRtkGr dUcCanay
Tahan:nlaPZMBIesþccRkBtþidUecñaH elaktaMgenAkñúgsavk:rmIjaN
ehIysEmþgGnuemaTnaGasn;p,a kñúgeBlEdlRBHnisSP;sEmþgGnuemaTna

- 52 -
cbéhIy RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRtasóGenametærGK<savkeqVgza GñkcUr
sEmþgZm(dl´tabsTaMgenH RBHGenametær:nBicarNaemIlnUvRBHBuTÆvcn;
TUTaMgRBHéRtbidkehIyeTIbsEmþgZm( ÉplénkarsEmþgZm(rbs´GK<savk
TaMgBIrrUbenaH minmantabsNamñak´Rtas´dwgsc©Zm(eLIy .
kñúglMdabénaH RBHGenamTsSIbrmsasþaRTg´taMgenAkñúgBuTÆvis&y
RbmaNmin:n eTIbRTgépIþmsEmþgZm( ehIykalcb´RBHZmµeTsna tabs
8 mWun 4 Banńak´:nseRmcCaRBHGrhnþRKb´rUb ev[rEtsrTtabsmñak´
buëNÑaH RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆRTg´laRBHhsæecjRtas´za GñkTaMgLay
cUrmkCaPik¡úcuH rMeBcenaHsk´ nigBukcg,arbs´tabsTaMgenaHvinasGnþrZan
GséTA manbrik¡ar 8 mkBakĆabńwgragkay hak´dUcCaRBHezr;manvsS
60 ehIy . manBaküsYrza ehtuGVIsrTtabsmin:nseRmcRBHGrhtþ
pl eqIøyza eRBaHzatabsCaGñkmancitþraymay cabépþImtaMgBIsþab´RBH
ZmµeTsnarbs´GK<savkEdlGg<úyelIGasn;TI 2 bnÞab´BIRBHGenam-
TsSIsm¬úTÆcuHmk EdltaMgenAkñúgsavk:rmIjaN ehIysEmþgZm(eZVIo
Kitza sUmoeyIg:nTTYlPav;CaGK<savkdUcelakm©as´Gg<enH:nTTYl
kñúgsasnarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´ Edlnwgób|tþieLIgkñúgelaknaGnaKtkal
pgcuH . srTtabsrvlÉtbeNþaycitþoKitraymayeTAdUecñH eTIbmin
GacseRmcmK<plCaZm(Biess:n luHcb´Zmµkza k*zVaybg<MRBHGenam-
TsSIbrmsasþa ehIyeRkakQreLIgRkabTUlsYrkñúgTIcMeBaHRBHP®kþza
bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK Pik¡úKgénAelIGasn;CabńwgGasn;rbs´RBHGg<eQµaH
GVIeTARBHGg< / RBHGg<Rtas´za Pik¡úenHdl´kMBUlnUvsavk:rmIjaN CaGñk

- 53 -
RbkasZmµcRktamEdltzaKtRbkasehIy CaGñkRtas´dwg cak´ZøúHnUv
esaLsbJØaehIy CaGK<savkkñúgsasnarbs´tzaKt maneQµaHza
nisSPetær .
srTtabsluHRCabehIy eTIbtaMgR:zñaza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK
xúMRBHGg<:MgesVtcäRtp,aeQIzVayRBHGg<Gs´ry; 7 ézá edayGanisgSén
sk,ar;enH xúMRBHGg<minR:zñaCaRBH«®nÞ RBHRBhµeLIy EtsUmoxúMRBHGg<
:nCaGK<savkrbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´mYyGg<kñúgGnaKtkal dUcRBHnisS-
PetærenHpgcuHRBHGg< .
RBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆ RTg´RbesIrelIsedayGnaKtgSJ¦aN
RTg´BicarNaemIlza esckþIR:zñarbs´srTtabsenHnwgseRmcßeT RTg´
k*eXIjesckIþseRmcenaHza kalknøgeTAmYyGseg¡yükb| nigmYyEsn
mhakb| luHRTgéXIjehIyeTIbRtas´za esckþIR:zñaenHrbs´Gñknwgmin
CaemaX; kalknøgeTAmYyGseg¡yü nigmYyEsnmhakb|xagmuxeT[t
nwgmanRBHBuTÆmYyRBHGg<RTg´RBHnamza RBHeKatmRTg´ób|tþieLIgkñúgelak
RBHmataRTg´RBHnamza RBHnagmhamayaeTvI RBHbitaRTgńamza RBH:T
sueTÆaTnmharaC RBHraCOrsRTg´RBHnamza rahul Pik¡úCaóbdðakeQµaHza
GannÞ TutiyGK<savkeQµaHza emaK<løan cMENkGñk:nCaGK<savkrbs´
RBHeKatmCam©as´Gg<enaH nigmaneQµaHza ZmµesnabtIsarIbuRt CakMBUl
edaybJ¦a:rmI . RBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆRTg´BüakrN¾srTtabs
yägenH :nRTg´sEmþgZmµkzaeRscehIyRBmedayPik¡úsg¹Ehhmesþc
yagRtLbéTAtampøÚvGakas . ÉsrTtabseTArkRBHezr;TaMgLay Edl

- 54 -
ZøabĆakUnsisSrbs´xøÜnpþaMeTAdl´sirIvD¿kudum¬Ik¾EdlCasmøaj´za sUmelak
TaMgLaycUrR:b´dl´smøaj´rbs´xúMza srTtabsCasmøaj´rbsélak
:nR:zñatMENgGK<savkkñúgsasnarbs´RBHsmNeKatmsm¬úTÆ Edl
RTgńwgób|tþieLIgkñúgGnaKtkal kñúgTICitRBHyuKl:Trbs´RBHGenam-
TsSIsmµasm¬úTÆehIy sUmsmøaj´R:zñatMENgTutiysavkcuH luHpþaMdUecñH
ehIyxøÜnÉgk*rYsranéTA ehIy:neTAdl´munRBHezr;TaMgLay edayeRbI
eBlRtwmEtmYyRsbk´ :neTAQrenAmuxTVarpÞHrbs´sirIvD¿kudum¬Ik¾> emIl
eXIjsrTtabsk*eBalza yUrNaséhIyEdlelakm©as´rbséyIg
eTIbEtmk sUmnimnþelakm©as´Gg<úyelIGasn;enHcuH ÉcMENkxøÜnÉgk*
Gg<úyelIGasn;EdlTabCag ehIysYrsrTtabsza BYkkUnsisSrbs´
elakm©aséTANaGséTA eTIbmineXIjmktam /
srTtabseqøIyza smøajéGIy RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆCam©as´:n
yageTAkan´GaRsmbTrbséyIg eyIg:neZVIsk,arbUCatamlTÆPaBrbs´
xøÜn RBHGg<RTg´sEmþgZm( «sITaMgLay:nseRmcGrhtþplTaMgGs´
ehIybBVC¢aTaMgGsÉdrev[rEteyIgbuëNÑaH sirIvD¿kudum¬Ik¾sYrs)keLIgza
eRBaHehtuGVIeTIbelakminbBVC¢a srTtabseqøIyza eRBaHeyIg:neXIj
RBHnisSPetærCaGK<savkrbs´RBHbrmsasþa nwkeBjcitþeTIbR:zñao:n
tMENgenaHkñúgsasnarbs´RBHsmNeKatm esþcnwgób|tþieLIgkñúgGna-
Ktkal sUmsmøajćUrR:zñatMENgGK<savkTI 2 kñúgsasnaRBHeKatm
sm¬úTÆCam©asćuH .
sirIvD¿kudum¬Ik¾niyayCMTas´za xúMminmankarsñiTÆsñalnwgRBHBuTÆCa

- 55 -
m©as´ etIRtÚveZVIyägNao:nRtwmRtÚveT srTtabsR:b´za karRkabTUl
cMeBaHRBHBuTÆCam©asĆanaTIrbséyIg sUmsmøaj´ÉgeRt{mGahar nigeRK}g
sk,ar;TukoeRsc:c´ sirIvD¿kudum¬Ik¾yl´kñúgBaküENnaMenaHehIyeRt{m
xaTnIy;ePaCnIyahar nigsagmNÐb ehIy:neZVImhaTancMeBaHRBH
Pik¡úsg¹ 1 EsnmanRBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´RTgĆaRBHRbZan
kaleZVITan 7 ézáeRscehIy :nR:zñatMENgGK<savkTI 2 tamBakü
ENnaMrbs´srTtabsenaH .
RBHsarIbutþetær:nRbkasCIvRbvtþikñúgGtItCatiTuk EdlmansEmþg
kñúg:lIKm¬IrxuTÞknikay GbTan za sm&yézámYy elakCatabseQµaHza
suruci:nseRmcsmabtþi 8 GPiJ¦a 5 mansisS 8 muWn 4 Banńak´ :n
bUCaRBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´ nigRBHsavkmYyEsnrUbedayp,a
eQIrhUt 7 ézá ehIykñúgézáTI 7 :nsþab´RBHZmµeTsnaeT[t nigxagkñúg 7
ézáEdlelakbUCaedayp,aeQIenaH elak:nQrRbNmüGJ¢lInms,ar
RBHGenamTsSIsm¬úTÆCam©as´kñúgTIkEnøgmYy edaymin:neTANa min:n
briePaK:yTwk nigePaCnIyahareLIy EqÁtedaybItiEdl:neXIjRBHBuTÆ
Cam©as´ nigsavkmYyEsnrUbkMBugcUlnieraZsmabtþi . luHput 7 ézá
ehIy sisSTaMgenaH:nsþab´Zm(rbs´RBHGenamTsSIsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´ k*
:nseRmcCaRBHGrhnþTaMgGs´ cMENksurucitabs:nR:zñatMENgGK<-
savk nigkalcuticakCatienaHehIy:neTAekItkñúgRBhµelak 1 Ban´kb|
:nCaesþccRkBtþi 1 BanĆati :nCaRBH«®nÞ 1 BanĆati nigCaticugeRkay
enH:nmkCabuRtrbs´RJhµN¾manRTBü 560 ekadi ehIy:necjbYsCa

- 56 -
RBHGrhnþd*kMBUledaybJ¦aEdl:nTTYlkarelIktem,Igza Gacnwgrab´
RKabéPø{gEdlkMBugZøakćuHmk:n . ‘ xuseQµaHKña RbEhlCaeQµaHBIr ’
buNü:rmIEdlCYyoRBHsarIbutþetærCaGñkmanbJ¦aeRcIn eRBaH
elakZøab´:nbYsCab´t>KñarhUt 5 ryCati EdlmanenAkñúgGdðkzaevsS-
nþrCatk nigeRBaHelakZøab´:nsagRBHéRtbidkkñúgGtItCatipgEdr .
RBHsarIbuRt CaGñkmanR:CaGg´Gac nigkarRbRBwtþilÁéRkElg RBm
TaMgmankarQøasév CakmøaMgyägsMxan´rbs´RBHmanRBHPaK kñúgkarCYy
RbkasRBHZmµvin&yopSBVpSayeTAkñúgTisanuTis eTIbmannamtamEdl
elak:nTTYlkarelIktem,Igza RBHZmµesnabtI KUnwgRBHnamRBHmanRBH-
PaKza RBHZmµraCa dUcmanesckþImYyvK<kñúg:lIeslsURt Km¬IrmCÄim-
nikay mCÄimbNÑask; manesckþIza ;
RBHmanRBHPaK Rbzab´Kg´kñúgGabNniKm eslRJhµN¾CaGa-
carübgØat´mnþdl´maNB 300 nak´ :nnaMBYkmaNBeTAcUlKal´RBHman
RBHPaKBicarNaeXIjmhaburislk¡N; 32 Rbkar ehIy:nRkabTUl
cMeBaHRBHmanPaKCam©as´ nigGaraZnaoesayraCsm|tþi . RBHmanRBH-
PaKRtaséqøIyza tzaKtCaRBHraCakñúgZm( RTg´júaMgZmµcRkoRbRBwtþeTA
CacRkEdlKµanGñkNaGacoRbRBwtþeTA:n . eslRJhµN¾RkabTUlsYr
dlémT&BZm(EdlCaKUnwgRBHZmµraCa RBHmanRBHPaKRTgćgÁúleTAsarIbuRt
CaZmµesnabtI . müägeT[t ebIeRb{bRBHBuTÆsasnaCakgT&B k*ehA:nza
kgT&BZm( RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´taMgenAkñúgfan;CakMBUlT&BZm( RBHsarI-
butþetærCaemT&BZm( .

- 57 -
RBHsarIbutþetærmankarcab´GarmµN¾Tak´Tgnwgehtu EdleZVIoRBHBuTÆ
sasnataMgenAyUr nigminyUr rhUtdl´karRkabTUlRBHmanRBHPaKedIm|Io
RTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abTsRmabéRbICaZmµnuJ¦ KWRkitüRkmyägx¬g´x¬s´rbs´RBH-
BuTÆsasna edayelakbMNglÁcgóRBHBuTÆsasnataMgenAGs´kalyUr
minsabsUnü minGnþrZaneTArh&seBk dUcmaneKalcarwkTukkñúg:lIKm¬Ir
mhaviPg< RBHvin&ybidk bfmPaKénevrJ¢kNÐbJ¢ak´za ;
sm&ykalRBHmanRBHPaKRbzab´KgénAkñúgEdnevrJ¢a RKaenaHRBH
sarIbutþetæreTABYnsmáMkñúgTIsáat´ citþrbsélakmanbrivitk,za RBHBuTÆsa-
snarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´Gg<NataMgenAminyUr nigrbs´RBHBuTÆGg<NataMg
enAyUr luHdlévlares[lelakecjcakTIsáatéTAKal´RBHmanRBHPaK
zVaybg<MehIyGg<úykñúgTId*smKYrmYy ehIyRkabTUlsYrza bBiRtRBHGg<
d*ceRmIn xúMRBHGg<eTABYnsmáMkñúgTIsáat´mYy citþrbs´xúMRBHGg<manbrivitþkza
sasnarbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´TaMgLay rbs´RBHBuTÆGg<Nahñ@taMgenAmin:n
yUr rbs´RBHBuTÆGg<Nahñ@taMgenA:nyUr RBHGg< / RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´
tbza mñalsarIbuRt RBHBuTÆsasnarbs´RBHvibsSIsm¬úTÆ RBHsixIsm¬úTÆ
nigRBHevsSPUsm¬úTÆtaMgenAmin:nyUr RBHBuTÆsasnarbs´RBHkkusenÆa
sm¬úTÆ RBHekanaKmenasm¬úTÆ nigRBHksSbsm¬úTÆtaMgenA:nyUr .
RBHsarIbutþetærRkabTUlsYrrkmUlehtuza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK
ehtuGVI bc©&yGVIoRBHBuTÆsasnarbs´RBHvibsSIsm¬úTÆ RBHsixIsm¬úTÆ nig
RBHevsSPUsm¬úTÆtaMgenAmin:nyUr RBHGg< / RBHmanRBHPaKRtaséqøIyza
mñalsarIbuRt RBHvibsSI - RBHsixI - RBHevsSPUsm¬úTÆ RTg´xVl´xVaytickñúg

- 58 -
karsEmþgZm(edayBisþardl´savkTaMgLay . müägeT[t sutþ; - eKyü;
evyüakrN; - Kaza - óTan - «tivutþk; - Catk - GBÖÚtZm( - evTlø;
rbs´RBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´TaMg 3 RBHGg<mantic sik¡abTk*RTg´min:n
bJ¦tþi :tiemak¡k*RTg´min:nsEmþgdl´savkTaMgLay . kalRBHsmµa-
sm¬úTÆTaMgenaH nigBYksavkEdlRtas´dwgtamGnþrZaneTAehIy BYksavk
EdlmanmkkñúgxageRkay Edlmannam maneKatþ manCatiepSg>Kña ecj
bYsGMBIRtkUlepSgKña eZVIoRBHsasnaenaHGnþrZaneTAedayrh&s .
mñalsarIbuRt p,aeQIBN(epSg> EdlbuK<lKrTukelIbnÞHkþar min
Tan´:nedatRkgedayGMe:H xül´rEmgpatóp,aTaMgenaHx©at´x©ayeTA:n
esckIþenaHeRBaHehtuGVI eRBaHbuK<lmin:ncgedayGMe:H yägNamij
eRBaHRBHsmµasm¬úTÆTaMgenaH nigBYkRBHsavkEdlRtas´dwgtamGnþrZaneTA
ehIy BYksavkEdlmanmkxageRkay mannam maneKatþ manCatiepSgKña
ecjbYsGMBIRtkUlepSgKña eTIbeZVIoRBHsasnaenaHGnþrZaneTAeday
qab´rh&s k*dUecñaHEdr eRBaHRBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´TaMgenaH RTg´xVl´xVay
tic kñúgkarkMNtémIlcitþrbs´savkTaMgLayedayRBHT&yehIyRTg´TUnµan
savkTaMgLay . mñalsarIbuRt dUcCasm&ymYy RBHevsSPUGrhnþsmµa
sm¬úTÆCam©as´KgénAkñúgdgéRBEdlKYroxøacmYy RTg´kMNtémIlcitþrbs´
Pik¡úsg¹edayRBHT&yehIy RTg´TUnµanPik¡úsg¹RbmaNmYyBan´rUbza BYk
GñkcUrRtiHriHyägenH kuMRtiHriHyägenaH cUreZVITukkñúgcitþyägenH kuMeZVITukkñúg
citþyägenaH cUrlHcMENkenH cUrcUldlćMENkenHdUecñH . citþrbs´Pik¡ú
sg¹RbmaNmYyBan´rUbEdlRBHevsSPUGrhnþsmµasm¬úTÆ RTg´TUnµanyäg

- 59 -
enaH k*rYcputcakGasv;TaMgLay eRBaHminRbkan´maM .
mñalsarIbuRt enHÉgCaehtu Cabc©&yoRBHsasnarbs´RBHvibsSI
RBHsixI - RBHevsSPUsm¬úTÆtaMgenAmin:nyUr RBHsarIbutþetærRkabTUlsYr
teTAeT[tza GVICaehtu nigCabc©&yoRBHsasnarbs´RBHkkusenÆa - RBH
ekanaKmn; nigRBHksSbsm¬úTÆtaMgenA:nyUrRBHGg< / RBHmanRBHPaK
Rtas´tbza mñalsarIbuRt RBHkkusenÆa RBHekanaKmn; nigRBHksSbsm¬úTÆ
RTg´min:nxVl´xVaytic kñúgkarsEmþgZm(edayBisþardl´savkTaMgLay .
müägeT[t sutþ; eKyü; evyüakrN; Kaza óTan «tivutþk; Catk
GBÖÚtZm( evTlø; rbs´RBHsm¬úTÆTaMg 3 RBHGg<enaHsEmþgeRcIn EzmTaMg
RBHsm¬úTÆCam©as´TaMg3 RBHGg< RTg´:nRtas´bJ¦tþisik¡abT RTg´:nsEmþg
:tiemak¡dl´savkTaMgLaypg . kalRBHsm¬úTÆTaMgenaH nigRBHsavk
TaMgLayEdlRtas´dwgtambriniBVaneTA BYksavkEdlmanmkxageRkay
mannam maneKatþ manCatiepSgKña ecjbYsGMBIRtkUlepSgKña eTIbrkSa
RBHsasnaenaHTuk:nGs´kalyUrGEgVg . mñalsarIbuRt p,aeQIÇÇÇ.l.
mñalsarIbuRt enHÉgCaehtuCabc©&yoRBHsasnarbs´RBHkkusenÆa RBH-
ekanaKmena nigRBHksSbsm¬úTÆtaMgenA:nyUr .
lMdab´tGMBIenaH RBHsarIbutþetæreRkakcakGasn;dNþbćIvreq[g
sµam¡agRbNmüGJ¢lIeLIgRkabTUlza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaKd*ceRmIn dl´
eBlsmKYrRBHmanRBHPaKRTg´bJ¦tþsik¡abT nigRTg´sEmþg:tiemak¡dl´
savkTaMgLay EdlCaehtuoRBHsasnaenHtaMgenA:nyUr RBHGg< .
RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´za mñalsarIbuRt cUrrgćaMsin cUrbgÁg´sin tzaKtCa

- 60 -
Gñks<al´kalevlakñúgkalKYrnwgeZVIyägenaH tzaKtminTan´bJ¦tþisik¡a-
bT minTan´sEmþg:tiemak¡dl´savkTaMgLay kñúgkalEdlZm(CaTItaMg
énGasv;BYkxøHminTan´R:kdeLIgdl´sg¹kñúgsasnaenH luHkalNaZm(
CaTItaMgénGasv;BYkxøHR:kdeLIgdl´sg¹kñúgsasnaenH kalenaHRBH-
sasþaeTIbRTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abT nigsEmþg:tiemak¡dl´savkTaMgLay edIm|I
km©atńUvZm(EdlCaTItaMgénGasv;TaMgenaH nu@HÉg . Zm(EdlCaTItaMgén
Gasv;BYkxøH minTan´R:kdeLIgdl´sg¹kñúgsasnaenH Gs´kalEdl
sg¹minTanćeRmIneRcInedayPik¡úCaezr; luHkalNasg¹ceRmIneRcIneday
Pik¡úCaezr;ehIy ÉZm(EdlCaTItaMgénGasv;BYkxøH rEmgR:kdeLIgdl´
sg¹kñúgsasnaenH kaleNaHÉgtzaKtk*nwgRTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abT nigRTg´
sEmþg:tiemak¡dl´savkTaMgLay edIm|Ikm©at´bg´Zm(EdlCaTItaMgén
Gasv;TaMgenaH .
Zm(EdlCaTItaMg ÇÇÇ. l . dl´sg¹EdlminTanćeRmIneRcIneday
karpSBVpSay . dl´sg¹EdlminTan´bribUN(edaylaPsk,ar; . ÇÇÇ
mñalsarIbuRt eBlenHPik¡úsg¹minTan´mancRmÚgcRmas minTan´maneTas
enAR:scakesckIþesAhµgmanesckIþbrisuTÆipUrpg´ taMgenAkñúgKuN eRBaH
bNþaPik¡ú 500 rUbenH Pik¡úEdlRTRTg´KuNyägTabk*CaRBHesatabnñ Ca
GñkmankarminZøakćuHCaZmµta CaGñkmanKtieT[gTatÉtnwg:nRtas´dwgkñúg
GnaKtkal .
manesckIþGZib|ayRBHBuTÆtRmas´Xat´RBHsarIbutþetær EdlRkab
TUloRBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ RTg´bJ¦tþsik¡abT nigRTg´sEmþgRBH:ti-

- 61 -
emak¡dl´savkTaMgLay edayR:kdkñúgGdðkzaKm¬Irbfmsmnþb|asaTika
GZib|ay:lIRBHvin&ybidkbJ¢ak´za BaküEdleBalkñúg:lIza RBH-
sasnarbs´RBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´TaMgenaHtaMgenAmin:nyUr KWtaMgenA
RtwmmYyry;RBHCnµayurbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´TaMgenaHbuëNÑaH ÉRBHCnµayu
rbs´RBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´TaMgenaHmanepSg> KñadUecñH KW ;
RBHvibsSIsm¬úTÆCam©as´ manRBHCnµ 8 muWnqñaM Gayurbs´savkdMbUg
k*esµInwgRBHCnµayurbs´RBHvibsSIsm¬úTÆ RBHsasnarbs´RBHGg<taMgenA
RtwmEtGayurbs´savkcugeRkaybuëNÑaH . RBHsixIsm¬úTÆmanRBHCnµayu 7
muWnqñaM savkTaMgLayCadMbUgrbs´RBHGg<k*manGayuRbmaNbuëNÑaHdUcKña
RBHsasnarbs´RBHGg<taMgenARtwmEtGayu rbs´savkcugeRkaybuëNÑaH .
RBHevsSPUsm¬úTÆCam©as´ manRBHCnµayu 6 muWnqñaM RBHsasnarbs´RBHGg<
taMgenARtwmEtGayurbs´savkEdlRtas´dwgcugeRkayeKbuëNÑaH savkdM
bUgmanGayuesµInwgRBHGg<buëNÑaHÉg . cMENkRBHkkusenÆa manRBHCnµayu
4 muWnqñaM RBHekanaKmn; manRBHCnµayu 3 muWnqñaM RBHksSb; manRBHCnµa-
yu 2 muWnqñaM RBHsavkrbs´RBHBuTÆCam©as´TaMg 3 RBHGg< maneRcIn
yuKsm&y RBHsasnarbs´RBHBuTÆTaMg 3 RBHGg<enaHeTIbtaMgenA:nyUr .
esckIþEdlRBHmanRBHPaKrbséyIgTaMgLay RTg´minTan´bJ¦tþi
sik¡abTkñúgkalEdlenAminTan´manehtuenaH eRBaHRBHGg<RTg´karBarkar
tiHed[l EdlnwgekItGMBImnusSTaMgLayza kalsavktaMgenACaRbRktI
ehtuGVIRBHsmNeKatmk*RTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abT karRTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abTmunman
ehtukarN¾ rEmgCaeTasdUckardak´zñaMdl´buK<lEdlminTan´QWdUecñaH .

- 62 -
ebIeBTüNaehAGñkEdlminTanékItbUsmkR:b´za bUsZMnwgekIteLIgkñúg
ragkayrbs´GñkRtgénH GñkcUrRbjab´Büa:lkñúgkal«LÚvenH kalGñk
enaHRBmoBüa:l eBTülágénaHk*vHragkayRtgénaHehIynaMelahit
ecjeTA luHvHehIyeTBüenaHk*TarézøGMBIGñkenaH GñkenaHk*nwgCMTas´za etI
elak:nBüa:lCmáWGVIrbs´xúM manEteZVIoxúMekItTuk¡ eZVIoelahitrbs´xúM
GséTAEtbuëNÑaH dUecñH yägNamij kalBYksavkminTan´mankMhus ebI
RBHBuTÆRTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abTeLIg k*nwg:nTTYlkarCMTas´tiHed[ldUecñaH luH
RtaEtBYksavkmankMhusekIteLIgehIy eTIbRBHBuTÆRTg´bJ¦tþisik¡abT
eLIg eRb{bdUckaleraKekIteLIgehIy eTIbRKÚeTBüqøatdak´zñaMBüa:lCmáW
dUecñaH .
kitþiKuNrbs´RBHsarIbutþetær dUcCakitþiKuNRBHraCOrsrbsésþc
cRkBtþi EdlmanR:kdmkkñúg:lIKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay bJ©kni:t énGnu-
vtþnsURt nigkñúgGdðkzaKm¬IrmenarzbUrNIbJ¢ak´za RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´:n
sEmþgTukza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay RBHraCOrsc|grbsésþccRkBtþi Rbkb
edayKuN 5 Rbkar rEmgeZVIocRkEdlRBHraCbitaRTgóRbRBwtþeTAehIy
oRbRBwtþeTAtam:nedayZm( ck,rtn;enaHrEmgCacRkEdlminmanGñkCa
swksRtÚvNa> tTl´:neLIy KuNsm|tþi 5 RbkarenaH KWRBHraCOrs
c|grbsésþccRkBtþiRTgĆaGñkR:C ;
1Ç GtæJ¦Ú s<al´Gtæ :ndl´ rEmgRTg´RCabRbeyaCn¾rbs´raCkar
RtÚveZVIoRbCaCnRtCakédaysg<hvtæú 4 .
2Ç ZmµJ¦Ú s<al´Zm( :ndl´ rEmgRTg´RCabZm( nigc|ab´RbéBNI

- 63 -
énRBHraCaTaMgLaykñúgkalmun ehIytaMgenAkñúgTsBiZraCZm( .
3Ç mtþJ¦Ú s<al´RbmaN :ndl´rEmgRTg´RCabkñúgkardakéTas ß
kñúgkareRbIkmøaMg nigs<al´kñúgkarTTYlraCBlI :ndl´ karRbmUlBnÆ
GakrminoRbCaCnekþARkhay .
4Ç kalJ¦Ú s<al´kal :ndl´ rEmgRTg´RCabkalesayraCü
sux kaleZVIkarvinicä&y kalesþcyagsYrsuxTuk¡tamCnbT .
5Ç brisJ¦Ú s<al´bris&T :ndl´ rEmgRTg´RCabzaenHCaxtþiy-
bris&T enHCaRJhµNbris&T enHCaevsSbris&T ‘BYkQµÜj’ enHCasURT-
bris&T enHCasmNbris&T KWs<al´kiriyaGakar; karniyay kareZVIcMeBaH
RbCMuCnza dUcemþceTIblµmnwgbris&TenaH> .
mñalPik¡úTaMgLay RBHraCOrsc|grbsésþccRkBtþiRTgéZVIocRk
EdlRBHraCbitaRTgóRbRBwtþeTAehIy oRbRBwtþeTAtamedayZm(Bit
yägNamij mñalPik¡úTaMgLayRBHsarIbuRtRbkbedayZm( 5 Rbkar k*
dUecñaHEdr KWsarIbuRt rEmgjúaMgZmµcRkd*RbesIrEdltzaKtoRbRBwtþeTA
ehIy oRbRBwtþeTAtamedayRtwmRtÚv ZmµcRkenaHrEmgminmansmN;
RJhµN¾ eTBþa mar RBhµ GñkNamYykñúgelaknwgraraMg:neLIy . Zm( 5
RbkarenaHetIdUcemþc KWsarIbuRt CaGñkqøat Etgs<al´ ?
1Ç GtæJ¦Ú s<al´Gtæ :ndl´ s<al´RbeyaCn¾ 5 Rbkar1
:ndl´
1- vtæúEdlekIteLIgedayGaRs&yehtubc©&y 2- niBVan 3- Gtæn&yén
BaküeBcn¾ 4- vi:k 5- kiriya .
1
RbeyaCn¾ 5 RbkarcakKm¬IrZmµbkasinI .

- 64 -
2Ç ZmµJ¦Ú s<al´Zm( :ndl´ s<al´Zm( 5 Rbkar KW 1
Zm(EdlCabc©&y 2 GriymK< 3 :lIBuTÆvcn; 4 kusl 5 Gkusl .
3Ç mtþJ¦Ú s<al´RbmaN :ndl´ s<al´RbmaNkñúgkarTTYl nig
karbriePaKbc©&y 4 KW eRK}gesø{kdNþb´ GaharbiNÐ:t TIesnasn;
zñaMEkeraK .
4Ç kalJ¦Ú s<al´kal :ndl´ s<al´kalza kalenHCakalKYr
enAkñúgTIsáb´sáat´ kalenHCakalcUlsmabtþi kalenHCakalsEmþgZm(
kalenHCakalcarikeTAtamCnbT .
5Ç brisJ¦Ú s<al´bris&T :ndl´ s<al´zaenHCaxtþiybris&T enH
CaRJhµNbris&T enHCaKhbtIbris&T enHCasmNbris&T kardwgkiriya
Gakar; karniyay kareZVIcMeBaHRbCMuCnza eZVIdUcemþceTIbsmlµmnwg
bris&TenaH> .
karbdibtþilÁrbs´RBHsarIbuRt Edl:nTTYlRBHBuTÆtRmas´sresIr
za dUcCamþayGñkokMeNItbuRt dUcmansEmþgTukkñúg:lIsc©viPg<sURt
énKm¬IrmCÄimnikay óbribNÑask; sEmþgGMBIRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sresIr
RBHsarIbutþetær nigRBHmhaemaK<løanetærza sm&ymYy RBHmanRBHPaK
RTg´KgénA«sibtnmiKTayv&n Ek|rRkúgBaraNsI Rtasér[brab´GMBIRBHGg<
sEmþgZmµcRk KWRBHZmµeTsnakñúgéRB«sibtnmiKTayv&n EdlsmN-
RJhµN¾ eTBþa mar RBhµ ßGñkNamYykñúgelak minGacraraMg:n ehIy
RtasÉNnaMoPik¡úTaMgLayKb´rkRBHsarIbuRt nigRBHemaK<løanEdlCa
bNÐit CaGñkGnueRKaHdl´mitþsRBhµcarIPik¡úpgKña RtaséRb{bRbdUcRBH-

- 65 -
sarIbuRteTAnwgmataGñkokMeNIt RBHemaK<løandUcCaemedaH RBHsarIbuRt
CaGñkENnaMotaMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl RBHemaK<løank*ENnaMotaMgenAkñúg
mK<plx¬séLIg> nigRBHsarIbuRtCaGñkGacGZib|ayGriysc© 4 eday
Bisþar:n . luHRBHmanRBHPaKRtas´dUecñHehIy eTIbRTgéRkakeLIgyag
cUleTAkan´RBHvihar ÉRBHsarIbuRtk*sEmþgZm(dl´Pik¡úTaMgLayeday:n
GZib|ayGriysc© 4 osþabýägBisþar .
manRBHBuTÆvcn;Rtas´sresIrRBHsarIbutþetær zaCabuK<lÉkEpñk
sEmþgZmµcRk:nRtÚvtamRBHBuTÆbMNg kñúg:lIKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay Ékni:t
énbuK<lvK< edayRBHmanRBHPaKRtasélIktemI,gsmtæPaBrbsélakza
CabuK<lÉk manesckIþza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay tzaKtBicarNaemIlmin
eXIjbuK<lNamñak´ EdlCaGñkRbkasZmµcRkd*RbesIrEdltzaKtRbkas
TukehIy o:nlÁesµItzaKt dUcsarIbuRt mñalPik¡úTaMgLaysarIbuRt
rEmgRbkasRBHZmµcRkd*RbesIr EdltzaKtRbkasTukehIy:nlÁ dUc
CatzaKtEdr kitþiKuNCaGcäriy;EpñkmansmtæPaBBiessmYy EdleZVIo
elak:nTTYlkarEtgtaMg mancarwkR:kdkñúg:lIKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay Ék-
ni:t tamEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTgÉtgtaMgÉtTK<;dl´sarIbuRtza mñalPik¡ú
TaMgLay sarIbuRtkMBUlCagPik¡úTaMgLayEdlCasavkrbs´tzaKt xag
manbJ¦aeRcIn .
Pav;CaGñkmanbJ¦aelIslb´rbs´RBHsarIbutþetær eRkABIRBHman
RBHPaK:nRTg´RbkaselakoCaÉtTK<;ehIy EzmTaMg:nRtas´sresIr
elakkñúgEpñkCaGñkmanbJ¦aeRcInn&yeT[t dUcmancarwkTukkñúg:lIkKm¬Ir

- 66 -
mCÄimnikay óbribNÑask; énGnubTvK< kñúgGnubTsURt EdlsEmþg
edaylMdab´bT ‘ buËnþnwgelIkmkRtwmEtcMENkxøH ’ bJ¢ak´za sm&ymYy
RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´KgénAvtþeCtBnmhavihar CaGaramrbs´GnazbiNÐik
esdðIksagEk|rRkúgsavtæI kñúgRKaenaHRBHmanRBHPaKRtasóPik¡úTaMgLay
sþab´za mñalPik¡úTaMgLay sarIbuRtCabNÐit CaGñkmanbJ¦aeRcIn Ca
GñkmanbJ¦aRkas´ CaGñkmanbJ¦avagév CaGñkmanbJ¦arh&s CaGñkman
bJ¦amutRsÜc CaGñkmanbJ¦aTmøaykiels:n . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay
sarIbuRteXIjc|as´Zm(tamlMdab´bT:nkñúgkalmYyrMeBcbuëNÑaH ehIy
RBHmanRBHPaK:nRtas´sresIrRBHsarIbuRt EpñkxagcUlrUbQan 4 nig
GrUbQan TaMgkarkMNt´dwgsPav;EdlCarUb nigGrUbmkCaGarmµN¾za
elakcUleTAtamlMdab´énQan ehIyGackMNt´dwgZm(tamlMdab´zñak´
Qan TaMgdwgc|asńUvkarekIteLIg kartaMgenA karGséTAénZm(TaMgenaH
rhUt:nTTYlkarsresIrza CaGñksÞatĆMnaj dlńUvkarseRmckñúgGriy-
sIl GriysmaZi GriybJ¦a Griyvimutþi . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<lkal
eBaledayRbéBKb|IeBalsresIrPik¡úCabuRtrbs´RBHBuTÆ CaOrsrbs´RBH
manRBHPaK ekItGMBIRBHOsðrbs´RBHmanRBHPaK ekItGMBIZm( GñkEdlZm(
nimiµt CaZmµTayaT minCaTayaTrbs´Gamis Pik¡úrUbenaH KWsarIbuRtenHÉg .
mñalPik¡úTaMgLay sarIbuRtrEmgRbkasZmµcRkoRbRBwtþeTAtamedayRbéB
:n dUctzaKtoRbRBwtþeTAehIy . kalRBHmanRBHPaK:nRtas´dUecñH
ehIy Pik¡úTaMgenaHk*sEmþgesckIþeRtkGrrIkraycMeBaHRBHBuTÆtRmas´ Edl
Rtas´sresIrenaH .

- 67 -
PaBCaGñkmanbJ¦arbs´RBHsarIbutþetær EdlRBHBuTÆRtas´sresIr
za ev[rRBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©asécjehIy minmanGñkNanwgmansmtæPaB
eRb{bpÞwmbJ¦arbs´RBHsarIbutþetær:neLIy dUcmaner]gTak´Tgnwgkarrab´
dMNk´TwkePø{g EdlmancarkñúgGdðkzaKm¬IrZmµbT énBuTÆvK<kñúger]gymk-
:dihariy¾bJ¢ak´za RBHsarIbuRt:nQrenAcMeBaHRBHP®kþRBHsasþa bnøW
sIhnaTza bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK kalePø{gZøak´rhUtkb|k*eday xúMRBHGg<
k*Gacrab´KNna:nza ePø{gZøak´kñúgmhasmuRTbuëNÑHdMNk´ ZøakélIEpn
dIbuëNÑH elIkMBUlPMñbuëNÑHdMNk´ RBHbrmsasþaRtasńwgsarIbutþetær za
mñalsarIbuRt tzaKtk*dwgzaGñkGacrab´dMNk´RKabéPø{g:n ‘kñúgGdð-
kzaer]gsk,eTvraCza savkTaMgLaymanRBHsarIbuRtCaedIm EdlRbkb
edaybJ¦a EdlGacrab´dMNk´TwkePø{g:nkñúgkalePø{gZøak´rhUtTUTaMg EpndI’
müägeT[tesckIþóbmaEdlnwgnaMmkeRb{beZ[bnwgbJ¦a rbs´RBHsarIbuRt
minman eRBaHdUecñaHeTIbelakRkabTUlza xSac´kñúgsÞwgKg<arnwg GséTA
TwkkñúgmhasmuRTnwgrIgsáÜthYtEhgeTA dIkñúgEpndInwgGséTA kareqøIy
bJØaedaykardwgrbs´xúMRBHGg<enAminTan´GséLIy .
manesckIþGZib|ayBaküeBcn¾rbs´RBHezr;vK<enHza kalelak
edaHRsaybJØamYyn&ycbéhIy buK<lnwgdak´xSac´mYyRKab´ ßdMNk´Twk
mYydMNk´ ßdImYyduMtUccuHeTA sUm|IelakedaHRsaybJØarab´ryrab´Ban´
ßk*rabÉsnbJØa buK<lnwgdak´xñacýägNamYymanxSacĆaedImkñúgTenø
Kg<ar mYybJØamYyRKab´> vtæúKNnaTaMgLaymanxSacÉdlenAkñúgTenø
Kg<arCaedImKb|IGséTA edayrh&sCagkareqøIybJØarbsélak KWvtæúepSg>

- 68 -
EdlnaMmkeZVICaxñac´ nwgGséTAehIy EtkareqøIybJØarbsélakminTan´
GséTAeT .
eKalZm(EdlCaKuNsRmabéZVInaTICaTUt KWCaGñknaMesckIþeTAR:b´
dlÉpñkTaMgBIr mankñúgxøÜnrbs´RBHsarIbutþetær EdlmaneBalkñúgRBH:lI
TUtsURtKm¬IrGg<útþrnikay Gdðkni:tbJ¢ak´za RBHmanRBHPaKRtas´sresIr
RBHsarIbuRtza manKuNsm|tþiEpñkGñkkarTUt KWCaGñkRbkbeday Gg< 8
Rbkar smKYrdl´kareZVICaTUt
1- ecHTTYlsþabédayxøÜnÉg
2- ecHjúaMgGñkdéToRBmsþab´xøÜn
3- er[nykedaylÁ
4- cgcaMTuk:nlÁ
5- CaGñkyl´dwgedaylÁ sBVkic©kar
6- eZVIoGñkdéT:ndwgpg
7- qøatkñúgGMeBIEdlCaRbeyaCn¾ nigminCaRbeyaCn¾
8- minbg,rkareQøaHvivaT ‘ manbdiPaNlÁ ’ .
lTÆplkargarrbsélakEdlcat´TukCaPsþútag tmkdl´kar
sg<aynaCabnþbnÞab´ KWelak:nRbCuMRBHsg¹briyayZm(EdlsMxan´>
EckCavK< CaXøa RsÜlkñúgkarcgcaM ehAza sg<ItisURt catĆasg<ayna
RBHZm(kñúgsm&yEdlRBHBuTÆCam©as´RTg´Kg´RBHCnµenAeLIy EtCakareZVI
edaypÞal´xøÜn min:nsUmjtþiGMBIRBHsg¹ manesckIþR:kdBisþarkñúg
sg<ItisURtCasURtTI 33 énTIXnikay :dikvK<bJ¢ak´za ;

- 69 -
sm&ymYy RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´seRmc«riyabzenAkñúgnKr:va kñúg
sNðaKareQµaHza óBÖtk; rbsésþcmlø;TaMgLay kñúgraRtImYyRTg´
sEmþgZm(dlésþcmlø;TaMgLayrhUtTlýbéRCA RBHGg<RTgérayxñg
Nas´ RTg´bMNgnwgTeRmtxñgbnþic eTIbeR:sRbTanverakasoRBHsarI
butþetærsEmþgZm(dl´RBHsg¹CMnYsRBHGg<teTA . RBHsarIbuRt:nOkas
lÁdUecñaH eTIbR:rBÆer]gniRKnævivaTKña CamUlehtuoRBHsg¹TaMgBYgemIl
Canimitþ ehIyeBalza GñkmanGayuTaMgLay Zm(enHÉgEdlRBHman
RBHPaKCam©as´rbséyIgTaMgLayRtas´TuklÁehIy RbkasTuklÁehIy
CaeRK}gecjcakPB RbRBwtþeTAedIm|Isáb´rmáab´ EdlRBHsmµasm¬úTÆCam©as´
RbkasTuklÁehIy GñkTaMgLayKb|IcgRkg minKb|IvivaTKñaedayZm(enaH
oRBhµcriy;enHtaMgenAGs´kalyUr edayehtuNa ehtuenaHÉgRbRBwtþ
eTAedIm|ICaRbeyaCn¾dlĆnCaeRcIn naMmknUvesckIþsuxdlĆneRcIn edIm|I
GnueRKaHdl´stVelak CaRbeyaCn¾suxdl´mnusS nigeTvtaTaMgLay
ehIyelakEckZm(TaMgLayecjCaBYk> rYmTaMgGs´ 10 BYkZM RsYldl´
karcgcaM nigsVaZüay kñúgmYyBYk> maneKalZm(CaBYk CaRkúm ehIyEck
ecjedayBisþar CaBYkrayTaMgGs´ 204 BYk min:nQanknøgKña elak
cgRkg:nCareb[ber[bryKYroGs©arü dUcCanaMmkCaóTahrN¾kñúgBYkTI
1 za ?
ktema Éeka Zemµa ERbza Zm(BYk 1 etIdUcemþc /
seBV stþa Gahardðitika ERbza stVTaMgBYgtaMgenA:neRBaHGahar
seBV stþa sg¡ardðitika ERbza stVTaMgLaytaMgenA:neRBaHsg¡ar

- 70 -
GyM exa Gavuesa etn PKvta Canta bsSta Grhta smµa-
sm¬úeTÆn Éeka Zemµa smµTk¡aeta ERbza mñalGavuesaTaMgLay enHÉg
Zm(Ék EdlRBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ RTgĆaGrhnþsmµasm¬úTÆRBHGg<enaH
RTg´dwg RTgéXIj Rtas´sEmþgTukRbéBehIy . l.
sUmelIkykBYk 2 mkCaóTahrN¾bnþic
ktem eTV Zmµa Zm(BYk 2 enaHetIdUcemþc /
namJ© rUbJ© ERbza nam 1 rUb 1
GviC¢a c PvtNØa c ERbza GviC¢a 1 PvtNØa 1
PvTidði c viPvTidði c ERbza kareXIjzaman 1 kareXIjzaminman 1
GhirikJ© Genatþb|J© . eb. ERbza esckIþminxµas:b 1 esckIþ
mintk´søútnwg:b 1 .
taMgBIeKalZm(TI 2 rhUtdl´TI 10 KWman 10 BYk kñúgBYkTI 10
CaBYkZM> mandUcCa nazkrNZm( 10 ksiNaytn; 10 Gkuslkmµbz
10 kuslkmµbz 10 Griyvas; 10 Gesk¡Zm( 10 . kalRBHsarIbuRt
sEmþgcb´ RBHmanRBHPaK:nRbTansaZukarza saZu saZu sarIbuRt Gñk
:nsEmþgsg<Itibriyaydl´Pik¡úTaMgLayCakarRbéBehIy sUm|IPik¡úTaMg-
LayEdlRbCuMsþab´kñúgTIenaH k*manesckIþeBjcitþ nigGnuemaTnanUvPasit
rbsélakpgEdr .
müägeT[t kñúgKm¬IrTIXnikay:dikvK< bnÞab´BIsg<ItisURtenaH k*enA
manTsutþrsURt EdlCaPasitrbs´RBHsarIbutþetærmYyeT[tEdr sURtenH
Evgmincaj´sg<ItisURteT kñúgTsutþrsURtenHRBHsarIbuRtR:rBÆKazaEdl

- 71 -
elakeBalza ?
TsutþrM bvk¡ami ZmµM niBVanbtþiya
Tuk¡sSnþkiriyay sBVKnæb|emacnM .
ERbza xúMnwgsEmþgZm( maneQµaHza TsutþrsURt EdldkhUtecal
nUveRK}gcgrwtTaMgBYg edIm|Idl´RBHniBVan edIm|IeZVITIbMputénTuk¡ .
cMENkkarer[bcMCaEbbEpnkñúglk¡N;EtmYynwgsg<ItisURtenaH Et
manesckIþepSgKñaedayZánéTApøÚvbdibtþiedayeRcIn . karer[nRBHGPiZmµ-
bidkrbs´RBHsarIbutþetær mansEmþgTukkñúgGdðkzaKm¬IrZmµbT énBuTÆvK<kñúg
er]gymk:dihariy¾ nigkñúgGdðkzaKm¬IrGdðsalinI bJ¢ak´za elakCa
savkdMbUgEdl:ner[nGPiZmµpÞal´RBHOsðGMBIRBHbrmsasþa ÉéRBhim-
BanþkñúgéRBcnÞn¾CitGenattþRsH kñúgOkasEdlRBHGg<yagcuHcakfantav-
tþigS nigyageTAbiNÐ:tkñúgótþrkuruTVIb ehIyRTgńimnþmkqan´kñúgeragd*ZM
kñúgéRBcnÞn¾enaH RBHezr;:neTAKal´beRmIRBHBuTÆGg<kñúgTIenaH kalelak
:ner[nehIyeTIbnaMmkbeRg{nPik¡ú 500 rUb CasisSrbsélakCaRKadMbUg
tamRBHBuTÆtRmas´TUnµan bnþBIenaHmkk*:nsikSaer[nsUZütKñamkrhUtdl´
sBVézáenH .
RBHbrmsasþaRtas´sresIrkitþiKuNrbsélakza CaGñkmanbJ¦a
GnueRKaHbBVCitTaMgLaydUcCa kalEdlRBHsasþaKgénAnKreTvTh; Pik¡ú
TaMgLaynaMKñaeTAKal´RBHGg<edIm|IRkabTUllaeTAbcäaPUmiCnbT RBHGg<
RtasóeTAlaRBHsarIbuRt edIm|IoelakENnaM kñúgkareTArbs´BYkPik¡ú
Pik¡úTaMgenaHeTAlatamRBHBuTÆtRmas´ RBHsarIbuRtTUnµanza ebImanGñksYrza

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