INFECTION CONTROL

1. INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN ICU
SRAJ

2. • “The very first requirement in a hospital that it
should do the sick no harm" - Florence Nightingale
• Health care associated infections(HCAI)- economic
loss, prolonged hospital stay & adverse patient
outcomes.
• In most health care facilities the average
incidence of HCAI is around 5-10 %

3. Measures practiced by health care personnel to
prevent spread, transmission & acquisition of
infection between clients, from health care
providers to clients & from clients to HCP.
Based on
INFECTION CONTROL - DEFINITION
Standard precaution
Additional
precaution

4. • Low resistance of patient to infections.
• Invasive procedures/interventions.
• Inappropriate anti-microbial usage.
• Drug resistance of endemic microbes.
• Contaminated environment.
RISK DUE TO

5. STANDARD PRECAUTION
• Set of infection control practices used to prevent
transmission of diseases that can be acquired by
contact with blood, body fluids, non- intact skin &
mucus membrane
• STANDARD PRECAUTION STEPS
– Hand washing
– PPE
– Decontamination
– Waste disposal

6. How to Handwash?

7. HOW TO HAND RUB?

8. POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED
• Covering cuts & wounds
• Gloves is not a substitute for hand washing
• When a bar soap is used, it should be kept dry
in soap case
• When liquid soaps are used, avoid topping off
of the solution , dispenser should be kept clean

10. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Gloves
• Gown
• Mask
• Protective eye wear
• Face shield
• Apron

11. DISINFECTION
Reduce the number of microorganisms on
an object or surface but not the complete
destruction of all microorganisms or spores.

12. TYPE OF DISINFECTANTS
• High level disinfectants
2% glutaraldehyde (cidex)
stabilised hydrogen peroxide
1% sodium hypochlorite
• Intermediate level disinfectants
0.1% sodium hypochlorite
Iodophores & phenolic solutions
• Low level disinfectants
Quateranary ammonium compounds

13. STERILIZATION
 Procedures, which would remove all
microorganisms, including spores, from an object.
Sterilization Methods
• Dry heat sterilization
• Moist heat sterilization
• Chemical sterilization
• Radiation sterilization