1. (TCO 1) Which of the following sets of SQL clauses represent the minimum combination of clauses to make a working SQL statement? (Points : 5)
SELECT, WHERE
FROM, WHERE
SELECT, FROM
FROM, ORDER BY
1. (TCO 1) Which of the following sets of SQL clauses represent the minimum combination of clauses to make a working SQL statement? (Points : 5)
SELECT, WHERE
FROM, WHERE
SELECT, FROM
FROM, ORDER BY
No-one becomes an app developer to spend their days doing data processing. We do it to explore complex algorithms, build beautiful applications, and deliver fantastic solutions for our customers. But so often we don't ever get to realize that dream. We're too busy dealing with ORMs and hand-coding all the nuts and bolts of data processing so we're left with precious little time for anything else. There is a better way. By expanding our knowledge of SQL facilities, we can write a lot less middle-tier code, and get performance benefits as an added bonus. These slides highlights some SQL techniques to solve problems that would otherwise require a lot of complex coding, freeing up your time to focus on the delivery of great applications.
Advanced MySQL Query Tuning - talk at Percona Live and MySQL Meetup tour.
Tuning Queries and Schema/Indexes can significantly increase performance of your application and decrease response times.
This year I will cover new MySQL 5.6 and 5.7 algorithms that has been designed to improve query performance and simply tuning.
Topics:
1. Group by and order by optimizations
2. MySQL temporary tables and filesort
3. Using covered indexes to optimize your queries
4. Loose and tight index scan in MySQL
5. Using summary tables to optimize your reporting queries
6. New MySQL 5.6 and 5.7 Optimizer features and improvements
Find Top SQL Developers today. Toptal can match you with the best engineers to finish your project. Or, match you with the best companies that need your SQL skills today!
No-one becomes an app developer to spend their days doing data processing. We do it to explore complex algorithms, build beautiful applications, and deliver fantastic solutions for our customers. But so often we don't ever get to realize that dream. We're too busy dealing with ORMs and hand-coding all the nuts and bolts of data processing so we're left with precious little time for anything else. There is a better way. By expanding our knowledge of SQL facilities, we can write a lot less middle-tier code, and get performance benefits as an added bonus. These slides highlights some SQL techniques to solve problems that would otherwise require a lot of complex coding, freeing up your time to focus on the delivery of great applications.
Advanced MySQL Query Tuning - talk at Percona Live and MySQL Meetup tour.
Tuning Queries and Schema/Indexes can significantly increase performance of your application and decrease response times.
This year I will cover new MySQL 5.6 and 5.7 algorithms that has been designed to improve query performance and simply tuning.
Topics:
1. Group by and order by optimizations
2. MySQL temporary tables and filesort
3. Using covered indexes to optimize your queries
4. Loose and tight index scan in MySQL
5. Using summary tables to optimize your reporting queries
6. New MySQL 5.6 and 5.7 Optimizer features and improvements
Find Top SQL Developers today. Toptal can match you with the best engineers to finish your project. Or, match you with the best companies that need your SQL skills today!
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water Industry Process Automation and Control Monthly - May 2024.pdf
sql basic.pdf
1. Try out the interactive SQL Basics course at LearnSQL.com, and check out our other SQL courses.
LearnSQL.com is owned by Vertabelo SA
vertabelo.com | CC BY-NC-ND Vertabelo SA
SQL Basics Cheat Sheet
SQL,orStructuredQueryLanguage,isalanguagetotalkto
databases.Itallowsyoutoselectspecificdataandtobuild
complexreports.Today,SQLisauniversallanguageofdata.Itis
usedinpracticallyalltechnologiesthatprocessdata.
SQL
SAMPLE DATA
CITY
id name country_id population rating
1 Paris 1 2243000 5
2 Berlin 2 3460000 3
... ... ... ... ...
COUNTRY
id name population area
1 France 66600000 640680
2 Germany 80700000 357000
... ... ... ...
ALIASES
COLUMNS
SELECT name AS city_name
FROM city;
TABLES
SELECT co.name, ci.name
FROM city AS ci
JOIN country AS co
ON ci.country_id = co.id;
QUERYING MULTIPLE TABLES
INNER JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
[INNER] JOIN country
ON city.country_id = country.id;
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
2 Berlin 2
3 Warsaw 4
COUNTRY
id name
1 France
2 Germany
3 Iceland
JOIN (or explicitly INNER JOIN) returns rows that have
matching values in both tables.
LEFT JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
LEFT JOIN country
ON city.country_id = country.id;
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
2 Berlin 2
3 Warsaw 4
COUNTRY
id name
1 France
2 Germany
NULL NULL
LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table with
corresponding rows from the right table. If there's no
matching row, NULLs are returned as values from the second
table.
RIGHT JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
RIGHT JOIN country
ON city.country_id = country.id;
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
2 Berlin 2
NULL NULL NULL
COUNTRY
id name
1 France
2 Germany
3 Iceland
RIGHT JOIN returns all rows from the right table with
corresponding rows from the left table. If there's no
matching row, NULLs are returned as values from the left
table.
FULL JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
FULL [OUTER] JOIN country
ON city.country_id = country.id;
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
2 Berlin 2
3 Warsaw 4
NULL NULL NULL
COUNTRY
id name
1 France
2 Germany
NULL NULL
3 Iceland
FULL JOIN (or explicitly FULL OUTER JOIN) returns all rows
from both tables – if there's no matching row in the second
table, NULLs are returned.
CITY
country_id id name
6 6 San Marino
7 7 Vatican City
5 9 Greece
10 11 Monaco
COUNTRY
name id
San Marino 6
Vatican City 7
Greece 9
Monaco 10
NATURAL JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
NATURAL JOIN country;
NATURAL JOIN will join tables by all columns with the same
name.
NATURAL JOIN used these columns to match rows:
city.id, city.name, country.id, country.name
NATURAL JOIN is very rarely used in practice.
CROSS JOIN
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city
CROSS JOIN country;
SELECT city.name, country.name
FROM city, country;
CROSS JOIN returns all possible combinations of rows from
both tables. There are two syntaxes available.
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
1 Paris 1
2 Berlin 2
2 Berlin 2
COUNTRY
id name
1 France
2 Germany
1 France
2 Germany
QUERYING SINGLE TABLE
Fetchallcolumnsfromthecountry table:
SELECT *
FROM country;
Fetchidandnamecolumnsfromthecity table:
SELECT id, name
FROM city;
SELECT name
FROM city
ORDER BY rating DESC;
Fetchcitynamessortedbytherating column
intheDESCendingorder:
SELECT name
FROM city
ORDER BY rating [ASC];
Fetchcitynamessortedbytherating column
inthedefaultASCendingorder:
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE name LIKE '_ublin';
Fetchnamesofcitiesthatstartwithanyletterfollowedby
'ublin'(like DublininIrelandorLublininPoland):
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE name != 'Berlin'
AND name != 'Madrid';
FetchnamesofcitiesthatareneitherBerlinnorMadrid:
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE rating IS NOT NULL;
Fetchnamesofcitiesthatdon'tmissaratingvalue:
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE country_id IN (1, 4, 7, 8);
FetchnamesofcitiesthatareincountrieswithIDs1,4,7,or8:
FILTERING THE OUTPUT
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE rating > 3;
Fetchnamesofcitiesthathavearatingabove3:
COMPARISON OPERATORS
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE name LIKE 'P%'
OR name LIKE '%s';
Fetchnamesofcitiesthatstartwitha'P'orendwithan's':
TEXT OPERATORS
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE population BETWEEN 500000 AND 5000000;
Fetch names of cities that have a population between
500K and 5M:
OTHER OPERATORS
•
avg(expr) − average value for rows within the group
• count(expr) − count of values for rows within the group
• max(expr) − maximum value within the group
• min(expr) − minimum value within the group
• sum(expr) − sum of values within the group
AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
CYCLING
id name country
1 YK DE
2 ZG DE
3 WT PL
... ... ...
SKATING
id name country
1 YK DE
2 DF DE
3 AK PL
... ... ...
AGGREGATION AND GROUPING
GROUP BY groupstogetherrowsthathavethesamevaluesinspecifiedcolumns.
Itcomputessummaries(aggregates)foreachuniquecombinationofvalues.
SUBQUERIES
Asubqueryisaquerythatisnestedinsideanotherquery,orinsideanothersubquery.
There are differenttypesofsubqueries.
SET OPERATIONS
Set operations are used to combine the results of two or more queries into a
single result. The combined queries must return the same number of columns and
compatible data types. The names of the corresponding columns can be different.
CITY
country_id count
1 3
2 3
4 2
CITY
id name country_id
1 Paris 1
101 Marseille 1
102 Lyon 1
2 Berlin 2
103 Hamburg 2
104 Munich 2
3 Warsaw 4
105 Cracow 4
EXAMPLE QUERIES
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM city;
Findoutthenumberofcities:
SELECT COUNT(rating)
FROM city;
Findoutthenumberofcitieswithnon-nullratings:
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT country_id)
FROM city;
Find outthenumberofdistinctivecountryvalues:
SELECT MIN(population), MAX(population)
FROM country;
Find outthesmallestandthegreatestcountrypopulations:
SELECT country_id, SUM(population)
FROM city
GROUP BY country_id;
Findoutthetotalpopulationofcitiesinrespectivecountries:
SELECT country_id, AVG(rating)
FROM city
GROUP BY country_id
HAVING AVG(rating) 3.0;
Find outtheaverageratingforcitiesinrespectivecountriesiftheaverageisabove3.0:
UNION
SELECT name
FROM cycling
WHERE country = 'DE'
UNION / UNION ALL
SELECT name
FROM skating
WHERE country = 'DE';
UNION combines the results of two result sets and removes duplicates.
UNION ALL doesn't remove duplicate rows.
This query displays German cyclists together with German skaters:
INTERSECT
SELECT name
FROM cycling
WHERE country = 'DE'
INTERSECT
SELECT name
FROM skating
WHERE country = 'DE';
INTERSECT returns only rows that appear in both result sets.
This query displays German cyclists who are also German skaters at the same time:
EXCEPT
SELECT name
FROM cycling
WHERE country = 'DE'
EXCEPT / MINUS
SELECT name
FROM skating
WHERE country = 'DE';
EXCEPT returns only the rows that appear in the first result set but do not appear
in the second result set.
This query displays German cyclists unless they are also German skaters at the
same time:
SINGLE VALUE
SELECT name FROM city
WHERE rating = (
SELECT rating
FROM city
WHERE name = 'Paris'
);
The simplest subquery returns exactly one column and exactly one row. It can be
used with comparison operators =, , =, , or =.
This query finds cities with the same rating as Paris:
MULTIPLE VALUES
SELECT name
FROM city
WHERE country_id IN (
SELECT country_id
FROM country
WHERE population 20000000
);
Asubquerycanalsoreturnmultiplecolumnsormultiplerows.Suchsubqueriescanbe
usedwithoperatorsIN,EXISTS, ALL,orANY.
Thisqueryfindscitiesincountriesthathaveapopulationabove20M:
CORRELATED
SELECT *
FROM city main_city
WHERE population (
SELECT AVG(population)
FROM city average_city
WHERE average_city.country_id = main_city.country_id
);
Thisqueryfindscountriesthathaveatleastonecity:
SELECT name
FROM country
WHERE EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM city
WHERE country_id = country.id
);
Acorrelatedsubqueryreferstothetablesintroducedintheouterquery.Acorrelated
subquerydependsontheouterquery.Itcannotberunindependentlyfromtheouter
query.
Thisqueryfindscitieswithapopulationgreaterthanthe average populationinthe
country: