The document discusses a production simulation activity where students make bookmarks on an assembly line to learn about Henry Ford's innovations in manufacturing using specialized workers and interchangeable parts. Students count the number of bookmarks they produce, calculate worker productivity, and then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the assembly line model compared to individual craft production. The goals are to understand how Ford applied division of labor and specialization to dramatically increase production efficiency and lower costs.

1. PRODUCTION SIMULATION
Using your card, pen, string and scissors, make a bookmark like this:
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2. An individual craftsman
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3. Interchangeable part
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4. Henry ford’s innovation
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5. 5

6. Answer the following questions
1. What did you notice about the workers in the video?
2. What were Henry Ford’s goals?
3. What was different about the Model T?
4. What was wrong with Henry Ford’s original process for
manufacturing the Model T?
5. What was Ford’s revolutionary idea?
6. How did it change production of the Model T?
7. What happened to prices of cars?
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7. Production simulation
Using your materials to make a bookmark like this:
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9. Production report
1.Count: How many finished bookmarks did you make?
2.Calculate: # bookmarks/# workers to get worker productivity
1.Calculate: 10 minutes/worker productivity to get worker-
minutes/bookmark
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11. Production line debrief
1.How did the number of bookmarks produced on the assembly
line compare to the number you made as individuals?
2.Which assembly line tested by the class was most productive? In
other words, which one produced the most bookmarks per worker?
3.Why did this assembly line produce more than the others?
4.Which group made the best quality bookmarks?
5.What were the advantages of producing bookmarks using an
assembly line?
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12. Production line debrief
6.What were disadvantages of producing bookmarks using an
assembly line?
7.Are there any additional tools or capital goods that would have
helped you speed up the process even more?
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13. Tesla factory
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14. Costs of the assemblyline
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16. OBJECTIVE
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17. SPECIALISATION
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18. 1.
specialization
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

19. “ Specialisation allows
workers to become more
skilled and efficient at
their jobs
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20. JOB SPECIALIZATION
▰ Breaking jobs into small tasks
▰ Jobs are simple, easy to learn, and economical
▰ Can lead to boredom, low satisfaction, high
absenteeism, and employee turnover
.
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21. FIRMS
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22. regions
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23. regions
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25. INTERNATIONAL SPECIALISATION
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27. Want big impact?
Use big image.
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28. Big concept
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29. REASONS FOR SPECIALIZATION
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● The country has the resources required to
produce certain goods.
● The country has abundant resources
● By trading, to acquire certain goods more cheaply
than they can produce them domestically.

30. DIVISION OF LABOR
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31. BENEFITS OF SPECIALISATION
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Benefits
Efficiency
gains
Labour
productivity
Produced
better quality
products
More skilled in
the jobs
Productivity
increases
Better use of
scarce
resources

32. Disadvantage OF SPECIALISATION
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Cost
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● Workers with highly specialized skills
tend to face very high salary demands
Lack of variety for
consumers
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● Can leads to standardized, mass-produced
goods.
Low labour mobility
03
● Can reduce the economic efficiency and
international competitiveness on the
country.
High labour turnover
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● Occurs if lots of workers choose to leave
their jobs in search of more challenging
and less boring one.
Overspecialisation
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● Can cause structural and regional
unemployment

33. ACTIVITY
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● Research on one country that specialises in
primary, secondary and tertiary sector.
● Explain how the concept of specialisation can
explain why nations trade with each other.
● “Specialisation in international trade always
benefits nations.’ Discuss this statement.

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Let’s answer it!

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37. activity
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