1. The Spanish Empire Ashley Majano History 140 Dr. Arguello

2. Spanish Empire King Charles I achieved victory at the Battle of Pavia in 1525 and surprised many Italians and Germans and elicited concerns that Charles would endeavor to gain ever greater power. Portugal required an extensive occupation force to keep it under control, and Spain was still reeling from the 1576 bankruptcy. In 1584, William the Silent was assassinated by a half-deranged Catholic, and the death of the popular Dutch resistance leader was hoped to bring an end to the war, but it didn’t.

3. Spanish Golden Age A period of flourishing in arts and literature in Spain, coinciding with the political rise and decline of the Spanish Habsburg Dynasty. It begins no earlier than 1492, with the end of the Reconquista and ends no later than 1659, with the Treaty of the Pyrenees, ratified between France and Habsburg Spain. Diego Velázquez, regarded as one of the most influential painters of European history and a greatly respected artist in his own time, cultivated a relationship with King Philip IV and his chief minister, the Count-Duke of Olivares, leaving us several portraits that demonstrate his style and skill.

4. Al-Andalus Al-Andalus was the Arabic name given to a nation and territorial region also commonly referred to as Moorish Iberia. Following the Muslim conquest of Hispania, Al-Andalus was divided into five administrative areas roughly corresponding to Andalusia, Galicia and Portugal, Castile and Léon, Aragon and Catalonia, and Septimania.