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The document provides tips for how to speak so that people want to listen. It discusses that the human voice is the most powerful sound in the world. However, often when people speak, others do not listen. The document suggests examining your speaking habits and how to present yourself so that audiences are more engaged with what you say.
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This document discusses various strategies for polarizing brands. It provides examples of how some companies have boosted sales by increasing the number of people who hate their brand through controversial ads or attributes. The document suggests companies consider placating critics by addressing complaints, while also poking haters to sway neutral consumers. It advises amplifying a polarizing attribute to differentiate the brand. Creating polarization can drive wedges in the market. The key is for marketers to understand and exploit brand dispersion fueled by social media.
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This presentation contains four modules covered during the internship by Prof. Sameer Mathur (www.IIMInternship.com)
journey of learning
- The document summarizes the journey of Marico Limited, an Indian consumer goods company founded in 1987.
- Marico started as a small edible oils business in 1971 and grew to become a market leader through innovation, market research, brand extensions, and international acquisitions.
- Key aspects of Marico's success include extensive research and development, careful segmentation and targeting of consumer groups, line extensions to satisfy diverse needs, and building brand equity through impactful advertising campaigns.
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This presentation summarizes the key topics covered in an internship, including how to present effectively, common presentation mistakes to avoid, and how online reviews and social media have shifted marketing strategies. It discusses concepts like the influence mix and O continuum that show people are less reliant on brand and more influenced by others' opinions online. Companies must track what information sources customers use and adjust their marketing accordingly to succeed in this new environment defined by user reviews and social media.
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Saxonville sausage company parampreet singh
1. Saxonville Sausage Company produces various pork sausage products and wants to expand their Italian sausage brand called Vivio nationally.
2. They form a task force called Project Score to research expanding Vivio, including focus groups and customer analysis to identify target markets and develop positioning concepts.
3. Project Score recommends positioning Vivio around "Clever Cooking" to attract more buyers, and estimates expanding nationwide could increase Vivio sales over 10 times to $464 million annually.
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This document summarizes the key debates around branding yoga. It discusses how Bikram Choudhary strongly branded his Bikram yoga style through extensive trademarking and patenting, while Tara Stiles took a less regimented approach without intentions to develop a strong brand. The Hindu American Foundation campaigned to acknowledge yoga's Hindu roots, sparking debates around whether yoga belongs solely to Hinduism or can be practiced independently. While history provides some evidence that yoga predated Hinduism, it is also part of other religions. There are reasonable arguments on both sides around whether yoga should or should not be branded.
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This document summarizes a Harvard Business School case study on branding yoga. It outlines different approaches taken by Bikram Choudhary and Tara Stiles in marketing yoga. Bikram strongly branded his hot yoga style, trademarking and patenting his method. Tara Stiles took a more secular approach without explicit branding. This led to debate around whether yoga should be branded or remain unbranded given its spiritual roots in Hinduism. The case discusses the origins of yoga in ancient India and examines the question of whether yoga can or should be branded as a business.
Grey worldwide - strategic repositioning through crm
This document discusses Grey Worldwide, a communications company, and its strategic repositioning through customer relationship management (CRM). It outlines Grey Worldwide's history, principles, current market situation, challenges, and CRM approach called Grey Relationship Management (GRM). The GRM framework uses four principles to build brands and develop/manage customers through creating positive brand experiences and building brands via customer knowledge. The document asks how Grey Worldwide can adapt to new technologies and which CRM tools it should use to reposition its brand and boost customer loyalty.
Saxonville sausage company
The document discusses research conducted for the Saxonville Italian Sausage brand to develop a national product line. It analyzes positioning the brand with emotional and functional benefits. Qualitative research was performed on demographics, psychographics, and consumer sessions. Concepts were developed and tested. Research showed family connection positioning resonated best but may face competition. The brand name "Saxonville Italy's Best" is recommended along with goals for R&D, pricing strategy, and marketing tactics like label changes, celebrity endorsements, and product displays.
Srujan dasari a2_q4
A company should initiate a price change when it has excess plant capacity and needs more business that can't be generated through other means. When initiating price cuts, companies should avoid traps like offering low quality, having a fragile market, or starting a price war. It is generally better for consumers if companies make small, regular price increases rather than sharp increases. Common causes for price increases include delayed quotation pricing, escalator clauses, reducing discounts, and unbundling pricing structures.
Srujan dasari a2_q3
This document discusses various pricing strategies and programs that a company can use to adapt prices based on changing circumstances and opportunities. It covers geographical pricing to account for location-based differences, forms of international trade involving bartering or offsets, the risks of overusing discounts, and types of promotional pricing like loss leaders, rebates, and financing. It also explains differential pricing approaches like discriminating prices for customer segments, product versions, channels, locations, seasons, or early vs. late purchases. The goal is to help companies set prices that meet varying needs.
Srujan dasari a2_q2
This document discusses various strategies and considerations for setting prices, including:
1. Companies first determine their pricing objective such as survival, maximum profit, market share, or quality leadership. They then estimate demand curves and price sensitivity.
2. Common pricing methods include markup pricing, target-return pricing, and perceived-value pricing. Companies also consider competitors' costs and prices.
3. In selecting the final price, companies evaluate the impact of other marketing activities, their own pricing policies, and how the price might affect other parties. Gaining customer loyalty through value pricing is also discussed.
Srujan dasari a2_q1
Consumers process and evaluate prices based on how they perceive them. Traditionally, consumers were seen as price-takers who accepted prices at face value, but they actually compare observed prices to internal reference prices and external benchmarks. Marketers try to frame prices to signal best value through techniques like EMIs. Consumers also use price as an indicator of quality, and some brands adopt premium pricing to justify exclusivity. Price endings like $299 instead of $300 make items seem less expensive to customers.
How should a company respond to a competitor's price change
This document discusses developing pricing strategies and programs in response to competitor price changes. It recommends that in homogeneous product markets, companies should enhance their augmented product or meet the price reduction. In non-homogeneous markets, companies should consider why the competitor changed price and if it is temporary or permanent, and how other firms and the company will be affected. The document also suggests differentiating products/services, introducing low-cost ventures, or reinventing as a low-cost player when facing low-cost competitors. Companies are advised to react decisively to competitor price changes within hours or days.
When should a company initiate a price change
This document discusses developing pricing strategies and programs. It covers when companies should initiate price changes, reasons for price cuts or increases, and potential risks and alternatives. Price cuts may be used to reduce excess capacity or dominate markets, but can trigger price wars or lose long-term customer loyalty. Price increases are often due to cost inflation or high demand. Companies can avoid raising prices by shrinking product amounts, substituting cheaper ingredients, reducing features or services, using less expensive packaging, or creating new economy brands.
How should a company adapt prices to meet varying circumstances and opportuni...
This document discusses various pricing strategies and programs that a company can use. It describes geographical pricing where a company prices its products differently in various locations. It also discusses various types of discounts and allowances like cash discounts, quantity discounts, and trade discounts. The document outlines promotional pricing strategies such as special event pricing, cash rebates, and low interest financing. It also explains psychological discounting by setting an artificially high price and then offering a discount, and differentiated pricing based on customers, products, locations, seasons, and customer segments.
How should a company set prices initially for products or services
The document outlines the 6 steps in developing pricing strategies and programs:
1. Selecting the pricing objective such as maximizing profits, market share, or product leadership.
2. Determining demand through analyzing price sensitivity and estimating demand curves.
3. Estimating costs such as fixed, variable, total, and average costs as well as learning curves.
4. Analyzing competitors' costs, prices, and potential price reactions.
5. Selecting a pricing method like markup pricing, target return pricing, perceived value pricing, or value pricing.
6. Selecting the final price after considering additional factors like marketing activities and company policies.
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core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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