Computer simulation is the use of a computer program to model a real-world system. The program contains mathematical equations that replicate the system's functional relationships. Running the program produces data that shows how the modeled system would behave over time. Simulations can also take the form of computer graphics animations. Key features of computer simulation include an interactive computer model of a system and the ability to experiment by changing model inputs. Examples include modeling theories of cognition, modeling organic molecule reactions, and fluid dynamics simulations. Computer simulation allows studying systems without building them and enables experimenting with different conditions efficiently. However, simulations can be difficult and expensive to construct and may require expert help to interpret results.

1. WELCOME

2. Computer Simulation

3. Introduction
 Computer Simulation is the use of a computer to represent
the dynamic response of one system by the behaviour of
another system modeled after it.
 A simulation uses of a mathematical description, or model,
of a real system in the form of a computer program.
 This model is composed of equations that duplicate the
functional relationships with in the real system.
 When the program is run, the resulting mathematical
dynamics form an analog of the behaviour of the real
system, with the results presented in the form of data.
 A simulation can also take the form of a computer graphics
image that represents dynamic process in an animated
sequence.

4.  Computer simulation is defined as
having the following two key features
1. There is a computer model of a real or theoretical
system that contains information on how the system
behaves.
2. Experimentation can take place ie , changing the
input to the model affect the input.

5.  Various methods can be used
 The simulation itself can provide feed back and
guidance in the form of hints.
 Hum experts (teachers, coaches, guides) peer or
electronic help can provide assistansing the
system.
 Simulation activities can be strongly scaffold, eg.
by proving built – in mechanisms for hypothesis
formulation. (eg. as in guided discovery learning
simulation)
 Simulation activities can be coached by humans.

6.  Common Characteristic of computer
simulation
1. Model Based : Simulation are based on a model. This
means that the calculation and rules operating the
simulation are programmed. These Calculation and rules
are collectively called “The model” and it determines
the behavior of the simulation depending on user
actions.
2. Interactive : Learner work interactive with a
simulation’s model to input information and then
observe how the variable in the simulation change,
based on this output.

7. 3. Interface driven : The value change to the influenced
variables and observed value change in the output are
found in the simulation’s interface.
4. Scaffold : Simulations designed for education should
have supports or scaffolds to assist student in making
the learning experience effective. Step by step direction,
or small assignment which break the task down to help
students, while they work with a simulation, are
examples.

8.  Specific example of computer
simulation
• Computer simulation have also been used to formally
model theories of human cognition and performance
Computer simulation for studying the selective
sensitivity of bonds by mechanic chemistry during
grinding of organic molecules.
 Computer simulation using molecular modeling for
drug discovery.
 Computational fluid dynamics simulations are used
to simulate the behaviour of flowing air, water and
other fluids.

9.  Advantages of computer simulation
 Computer simulation is that it is easy to perform
because it uses the “what – if” analysis.
 Through the use of this method, then an individual is
able to deal with large amount of data easily as
compared to a case where by the simulation was not
being done with a computer.
 As a result, this eliminates the necessity of having to
repeat the simulation in order to confirm whether
the results are correct.
 Computer simulation makes at possible for an
individual to study the behaviour of a system without
building it.

10.  Computer simulation different conditions can be
used and the outcome investigated.
 It helps the individual in deciding which conditions to
use in order to achieve the best results possible.
Disadvantages
 Computer simulation is the fact that it is very difficult
to construct the particular simulation model.
 Computer simulation is expensive to conduct
because the process requires a group of highly
qualified individuals.
 Computer simulation can be complicated at time
hence, making it difficult for the user to interpret the
result.
 The individual may require the help of an expert in
order to be able to understandable the result.

11. THANK YOU