The document provides an overview of software testing, including definitions of key terms like verification and validation. It discusses common software problems, objectives of testing, testability factors, and quality principles like quality assurance and quality control. It also covers software development lifecycles and models like CMM and SDLC.
Rhonda Software is an expert in computer vision with experience in video analytics, people counting, audience measurement, object recognition, and face detection. They have developed computer vision products like myAudience-Count and myAudience-Measure and offer custom computer vision solutions. Rhonda also develops the Beholder computer vision framework and optimizes algorithms for speed on platforms like FPGA, DSP, and GPU to enable real-time computer vision processing.
For informative discussions on software testing please see. http://forum.360logica.com/
Please see description below
360logica is an independent software and application testing services company which provides wide range of testing solutions to our partners based on domain, technology and business solutions including software product testing, quality assurance of software, automation in testing, finance testing, mobile software and applications testing. 360logica offers full range of software testing which include Software Product Testing, Test Automation, Performance Test Engineering, Finance Application Testing, Healthcare App Testing and SaaS Product Testing. We work closely with our partners to tailor a program of support which meets their needs and ensures our systems achieve the quality levels demanded by our partners, especially in financial testing
St Final Hsiq Questcon Sales Presentation 092006anjuabel
Questcon provides software quality assurance and testing services using its proprietary QuestAssured methodology. It takes a pre-emptive approach to finding defects early in the development process. The presentation discusses Questcon's mission to maximize software value, reviews risks in the current market landscape, and outlines triggers that often necessitate changes to development processes. It then details Questcon's approach, which includes assessments, process improvements, and test automation services to deliver measurable results for clients.
Interview questions and answers for quality assuranceGaruda Trainings
Future of Software Testing is always good... as long as developers are developing projects we will be testing them and even when they stops developing then also we will test the enhancements and maintenance etc... Testing will always be needed
Customer will never accept the product Without complete testing .Scope of testing is always good as it gives everyone a confidence of the work we all are doing...Its always good to add more processes while doing testing so that one should not think that testing is a boring and easy job....Process is very imp. for testing.
Register for Free DEMO: www.p2cinfotech.com
email id: p2cinfotech@gmail.com
+1-732-546-3607 (USA)
The Role of Verification and Validation in System Development Life CycleIOSR Journals
Verification and validation (V&V) are important parts of the system development life cycle that help ensure software quality. Verification determines if the product meets requirements, while validation checks if it fulfills its intended purpose. V&V techniques include reviews, testing, and audits at all phases of development. Proper V&V helps deliver high quality software that satisfies client needs on time.
This document provides an overview of software testing and is intended for beginners. It discusses key topics such as the software development life cycle, types of testing, test planning and case development, defect tracking, test automation, and certifications. The document is presented over multiple pages and sections covering these essential software testing concepts and processes at a high level to introduce new testers to the field.
The document discusses important skills that software testers should have. It outlines several key skills: analytical and logical thinking to analyze problems and scenarios; strong communication and social skills to understand requirements and report issues; planning abilities to strategize test approaches; intellectual curiosity and creativity to thoroughly test applications; and a commitment to continuous learning as technologies evolve. The document provides explanations for why each of these skills is important for effective software testing.
This document discusses software process and software engineering process models. It defines software process as a framework for tasks required to build high-quality software. A software process model provides a development strategy and defines key activities, tasks, deliverables, and milestones. Several process models are described including linear sequential, prototyping, RAD (rapid application development), and incremental models. The document emphasizes that software engineering relies on establishing sound processes, methods, and tools to efficiently develop reliable software.
Rhonda Software is an expert in computer vision with experience in video analytics, people counting, audience measurement, object recognition, and face detection. They have developed computer vision products like myAudience-Count and myAudience-Measure and offer custom computer vision solutions. Rhonda also develops the Beholder computer vision framework and optimizes algorithms for speed on platforms like FPGA, DSP, and GPU to enable real-time computer vision processing.
For informative discussions on software testing please see. http://forum.360logica.com/
Please see description below
360logica is an independent software and application testing services company which provides wide range of testing solutions to our partners based on domain, technology and business solutions including software product testing, quality assurance of software, automation in testing, finance testing, mobile software and applications testing. 360logica offers full range of software testing which include Software Product Testing, Test Automation, Performance Test Engineering, Finance Application Testing, Healthcare App Testing and SaaS Product Testing. We work closely with our partners to tailor a program of support which meets their needs and ensures our systems achieve the quality levels demanded by our partners, especially in financial testing
St Final Hsiq Questcon Sales Presentation 092006anjuabel
Questcon provides software quality assurance and testing services using its proprietary QuestAssured methodology. It takes a pre-emptive approach to finding defects early in the development process. The presentation discusses Questcon's mission to maximize software value, reviews risks in the current market landscape, and outlines triggers that often necessitate changes to development processes. It then details Questcon's approach, which includes assessments, process improvements, and test automation services to deliver measurable results for clients.
Interview questions and answers for quality assuranceGaruda Trainings
Future of Software Testing is always good... as long as developers are developing projects we will be testing them and even when they stops developing then also we will test the enhancements and maintenance etc... Testing will always be needed
Customer will never accept the product Without complete testing .Scope of testing is always good as it gives everyone a confidence of the work we all are doing...Its always good to add more processes while doing testing so that one should not think that testing is a boring and easy job....Process is very imp. for testing.
Register for Free DEMO: www.p2cinfotech.com
email id: p2cinfotech@gmail.com
+1-732-546-3607 (USA)
The Role of Verification and Validation in System Development Life CycleIOSR Journals
Verification and validation (V&V) are important parts of the system development life cycle that help ensure software quality. Verification determines if the product meets requirements, while validation checks if it fulfills its intended purpose. V&V techniques include reviews, testing, and audits at all phases of development. Proper V&V helps deliver high quality software that satisfies client needs on time.
This document provides an overview of software testing and is intended for beginners. It discusses key topics such as the software development life cycle, types of testing, test planning and case development, defect tracking, test automation, and certifications. The document is presented over multiple pages and sections covering these essential software testing concepts and processes at a high level to introduce new testers to the field.
The document discusses important skills that software testers should have. It outlines several key skills: analytical and logical thinking to analyze problems and scenarios; strong communication and social skills to understand requirements and report issues; planning abilities to strategize test approaches; intellectual curiosity and creativity to thoroughly test applications; and a commitment to continuous learning as technologies evolve. The document provides explanations for why each of these skills is important for effective software testing.
This document discusses software process and software engineering process models. It defines software process as a framework for tasks required to build high-quality software. A software process model provides a development strategy and defines key activities, tasks, deliverables, and milestones. Several process models are described including linear sequential, prototyping, RAD (rapid application development), and incremental models. The document emphasizes that software engineering relies on establishing sound processes, methods, and tools to efficiently develop reliable software.
In general, testing is finding out how well something works. In terms of human beings, testing tells what level of knowledge or skill has been acquired. In computer hardware and software development, testing is used at key checkpoints in the overall process to determine whether objectives are being met. For example, in software development, product objectives are sometimes tested by product user representatives. When the design is complete, coding follows and the finished code is then tested at the unit or module level by each programmer; at the component level by the group of programmers involved; and at the system level when all components are combined together. At early or late stages, a product or service may also be tested for usability.
Agile testing: from Quality Assurance to Quality AssistanceLuca Giovenzana
The history of the CHILI Agile transition from Quality Assurance to Quality Assistance.
Presented during a meetup:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZewEdNgo_oI&t=19s
and at the Working Software 2021:
https://www.agilemovement.it/workingsoftware/index.html
Sharath N S has over 4 years of experience as a Software Professional at IBM India Pvt Ltd, where he has worked as both an Application Developer and Test Automation Engineer. He has expertise in Java, Selenium, databases, and various testing practices like functional testing. Some of his projects at IBM include working on the SalesConnect CRM tool, improving the release success rate for Mobily's software, and configuring products using the IPC framework. He is skilled in Agile methodologies and tools like Jira, GitHub, and Eclipse. Sharath holds an MS in Quality Management and a BE in Information Science.
Agile testing is the soware testing
methodology that stems from the Agile
soware development principles. The
essence of Agile testing practice is that it
incorporates testing into the dev process,
rather than keeping it a separate SDLC
phase.
Maintaining a full QA process is vital for product development. Following QA standards leads to well-defined, user-oriented quality products. A good software process provides a framework for managing activities to ensure quality. The crucial role of a QA process is to produce superior products on time with better viability.
parikshalabs.com provides the advance level services in software field like Software Testing Tools, Web Application Testing and also mobile Apps testing.
Test Automation Strategies and Frameworks: What Should Your Team Do?TechWell
Agile practices have done a magnificent job of speeding up the software development process. Unfortunately, simply applying agile practices to testing isn't enough to keep testers at the same pace. Test automation is necessary to support agile delivery. Max Saperstone explores popular test automation frameworks and shares the benefits of applying these frameworks, their implementation strategies, and best usage practices. Focusing on the pros and cons of each framework, Max discusses data-driven, keyword-driven, and action-driven approaches. Find out which framework and automation strategy are most beneficial for specific situations. Although this presentation is tool agnostic, Max demonstrates automation with examples from current tooling options. If you are new to test automation or trying to optimize your current automation strategy, this session is for you.
At Grazitti Interactive, we know that early and prompt bug fixing can save a lot of time and resources. We therefore, follow international test parameters to provide end- to - end quality assurance testing and ensure smooth end user experience. Starting with creating an exhaustive list of test cases, we do various types of testing including smoke testing, functional testing, and regression testing; and also provide automated testing expertise.
This document discusses key concepts in software quality management including defining quality, indicators of high-quality software, common quality dilemmas, approaches to achieving quality like quality assurance and control, and standards like ISO 9001:2000. It outlines objectives like explaining quality principles, discussing quality indicators, presenting real-life quality challenges, describing activities to improve quality, and elaborating on software quality assurance.
The document discusses the need for enhanced software quality training. It notes that current education lacks depth and real-world experience. A new approach to training is needed that focuses on building a strong conceptual foundation and practical skills through hands-on learning of techniques, tools, and best practices. This should involve real-world projects, continuous learning, and training that is interactive and never fully ends.
1) Organizations are increasingly aware of the importance of quality in application development and are setting higher standards for quality and usability of applications.
2) Software testing is a vital part of quality management and helps identify defects before production to improve integrity, performance and reliability.
3) Ordina takes a risk-based approach to testing to focus on critical components, potentially saving time and money. A risk analysis determines which parts of the system require more testing based on impact, probability and chance of errors.
This document provides an overview and introduction to software testing for beginners. It discusses what software testing is, why it's important, and what testers do. Some key points covered include:
- The goal of testing is to find bugs early and ensure quality by designing and executing test cases that cover functionality, security, databases, and user interfaces.
- A good tester has skills like communication, organization, troubleshooting, and being methodical and objective in their work.
- Testing occurs at all stages of the software development life cycle from initial specifications through coding, testing, deployment and maintenance.
This document discusses quality management in software engineering. It covers key topics like quality assurance, standards, quality planning, and quality control. Quality management aims to ensure the required level of quality is achieved in a software product by defining quality standards and procedures and ensuring they are followed. It should develop a quality culture where quality is seen as everyone's responsibility.
Automate virtualize and smart test the new testing realitiesmanoj7698
The document discusses the need for organizations to shift from traditional testing approaches to more modern approaches in order to meet business needs. It advocates moving testing earlier in the software development lifecycle and integrating testing activities. This involves increasing the use of techniques like unit testing, service layer testing, and test automation. It also recommends dissolving boundaries between traditional testing types and leveraging approaches like crowdsourced testing. The goal is to focus more on preventing defects rather than just finding them later in the process through more integrated and automated testing practices.
White paper quality at the speed of digitalrajni singh
Our modern testing practices help speed up the current scope of quality assurance with help of a cognitive approach. Here is the link to download my published whitepaper on "Quality at the Speed of Digital" https://www.nagarro.com/qa-at-the-speed-of-digital #qualityassurance
Imaginea's Test engineering shares its process guideliness, best practices and recommedations for effective Product testing. Ensures software products behave the way they are supposed to.
A growing need for quicker and adaptive solutions to tech problems is pushing firms to adopt the agile methodology.
Today more and more companies are addressing different technology issues by adopting this iterative approach to
software development and releasing high quality software, faster and more efficiently. Organizations see agile software development as a faster way to create products, thereby reducing the Go To Market time.
This document provides a summary of Jag Singh's contact information, qualifications, and work experience as a quality assurance analyst. Over 6 years of experience testing software using Agile methodology. Extensive experience writing test plans, executing test cases, and reporting bugs using tools like HP Quality Center, JIRA, and Selenium. Currently working at Telus testing an IT service management tool. Previous experience includes testing wireless networking equipment at HP and pharmaceutical applications at Apotex. Well versed in all phases of the SDLC with a focus on quality assurance.
This document provides a review of systematic quality software designing and development practices. It discusses software engineering processes, quality processes, design and development modeling approaches, and related works. The key points are:
1) Software engineering processes aim to ensure quality, meet deadlines, and manage expectations through defined stages and deliverables. Common models include waterfall, spiral, and agile.
2) Software quality processes evaluate and improve aspects like reliability, maintainability, and interoperability. Metrics and techniques are used to measure qualities.
3) Design and development involve life cycles, methods, and notations to systematically model requirements, architecture, and implementation. Waterfall and rapid prototyping are example models.
This document provides an overview of software testing concepts for beginners. It defines key terms like quality, testing, and standards. It describes different testing levels from unit to system testing. It also covers software development lifecycles, quality principles, project management, and configuration management. The goal is to introduce software testing fundamentals and processes.
This document provides an overview of software testing concepts for beginners. It defines key terms like quality, testing standards, and the cost of quality. It describes common software problems, testing objectives, and the roles of testers. It also explains software development lifecycles, quality assurance vs quality control, capability maturity models, and risk management best practices. The goal is to introduce foundational testing fundamentals and processes to those new to the field.
In general, testing is finding out how well something works. In terms of human beings, testing tells what level of knowledge or skill has been acquired. In computer hardware and software development, testing is used at key checkpoints in the overall process to determine whether objectives are being met. For example, in software development, product objectives are sometimes tested by product user representatives. When the design is complete, coding follows and the finished code is then tested at the unit or module level by each programmer; at the component level by the group of programmers involved; and at the system level when all components are combined together. At early or late stages, a product or service may also be tested for usability.
Agile testing: from Quality Assurance to Quality AssistanceLuca Giovenzana
The history of the CHILI Agile transition from Quality Assurance to Quality Assistance.
Presented during a meetup:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZewEdNgo_oI&t=19s
and at the Working Software 2021:
https://www.agilemovement.it/workingsoftware/index.html
Sharath N S has over 4 years of experience as a Software Professional at IBM India Pvt Ltd, where he has worked as both an Application Developer and Test Automation Engineer. He has expertise in Java, Selenium, databases, and various testing practices like functional testing. Some of his projects at IBM include working on the SalesConnect CRM tool, improving the release success rate for Mobily's software, and configuring products using the IPC framework. He is skilled in Agile methodologies and tools like Jira, GitHub, and Eclipse. Sharath holds an MS in Quality Management and a BE in Information Science.
Agile testing is the soware testing
methodology that stems from the Agile
soware development principles. The
essence of Agile testing practice is that it
incorporates testing into the dev process,
rather than keeping it a separate SDLC
phase.
Maintaining a full QA process is vital for product development. Following QA standards leads to well-defined, user-oriented quality products. A good software process provides a framework for managing activities to ensure quality. The crucial role of a QA process is to produce superior products on time with better viability.
parikshalabs.com provides the advance level services in software field like Software Testing Tools, Web Application Testing and also mobile Apps testing.
Test Automation Strategies and Frameworks: What Should Your Team Do?TechWell
Agile practices have done a magnificent job of speeding up the software development process. Unfortunately, simply applying agile practices to testing isn't enough to keep testers at the same pace. Test automation is necessary to support agile delivery. Max Saperstone explores popular test automation frameworks and shares the benefits of applying these frameworks, their implementation strategies, and best usage practices. Focusing on the pros and cons of each framework, Max discusses data-driven, keyword-driven, and action-driven approaches. Find out which framework and automation strategy are most beneficial for specific situations. Although this presentation is tool agnostic, Max demonstrates automation with examples from current tooling options. If you are new to test automation or trying to optimize your current automation strategy, this session is for you.
At Grazitti Interactive, we know that early and prompt bug fixing can save a lot of time and resources. We therefore, follow international test parameters to provide end- to - end quality assurance testing and ensure smooth end user experience. Starting with creating an exhaustive list of test cases, we do various types of testing including smoke testing, functional testing, and regression testing; and also provide automated testing expertise.
This document discusses key concepts in software quality management including defining quality, indicators of high-quality software, common quality dilemmas, approaches to achieving quality like quality assurance and control, and standards like ISO 9001:2000. It outlines objectives like explaining quality principles, discussing quality indicators, presenting real-life quality challenges, describing activities to improve quality, and elaborating on software quality assurance.
The document discusses the need for enhanced software quality training. It notes that current education lacks depth and real-world experience. A new approach to training is needed that focuses on building a strong conceptual foundation and practical skills through hands-on learning of techniques, tools, and best practices. This should involve real-world projects, continuous learning, and training that is interactive and never fully ends.
1) Organizations are increasingly aware of the importance of quality in application development and are setting higher standards for quality and usability of applications.
2) Software testing is a vital part of quality management and helps identify defects before production to improve integrity, performance and reliability.
3) Ordina takes a risk-based approach to testing to focus on critical components, potentially saving time and money. A risk analysis determines which parts of the system require more testing based on impact, probability and chance of errors.
This document provides an overview and introduction to software testing for beginners. It discusses what software testing is, why it's important, and what testers do. Some key points covered include:
- The goal of testing is to find bugs early and ensure quality by designing and executing test cases that cover functionality, security, databases, and user interfaces.
- A good tester has skills like communication, organization, troubleshooting, and being methodical and objective in their work.
- Testing occurs at all stages of the software development life cycle from initial specifications through coding, testing, deployment and maintenance.
This document discusses quality management in software engineering. It covers key topics like quality assurance, standards, quality planning, and quality control. Quality management aims to ensure the required level of quality is achieved in a software product by defining quality standards and procedures and ensuring they are followed. It should develop a quality culture where quality is seen as everyone's responsibility.
Automate virtualize and smart test the new testing realitiesmanoj7698
The document discusses the need for organizations to shift from traditional testing approaches to more modern approaches in order to meet business needs. It advocates moving testing earlier in the software development lifecycle and integrating testing activities. This involves increasing the use of techniques like unit testing, service layer testing, and test automation. It also recommends dissolving boundaries between traditional testing types and leveraging approaches like crowdsourced testing. The goal is to focus more on preventing defects rather than just finding them later in the process through more integrated and automated testing practices.
White paper quality at the speed of digitalrajni singh
Our modern testing practices help speed up the current scope of quality assurance with help of a cognitive approach. Here is the link to download my published whitepaper on "Quality at the Speed of Digital" https://www.nagarro.com/qa-at-the-speed-of-digital #qualityassurance
Imaginea's Test engineering shares its process guideliness, best practices and recommedations for effective Product testing. Ensures software products behave the way they are supposed to.
A growing need for quicker and adaptive solutions to tech problems is pushing firms to adopt the agile methodology.
Today more and more companies are addressing different technology issues by adopting this iterative approach to
software development and releasing high quality software, faster and more efficiently. Organizations see agile software development as a faster way to create products, thereby reducing the Go To Market time.
This document provides a summary of Jag Singh's contact information, qualifications, and work experience as a quality assurance analyst. Over 6 years of experience testing software using Agile methodology. Extensive experience writing test plans, executing test cases, and reporting bugs using tools like HP Quality Center, JIRA, and Selenium. Currently working at Telus testing an IT service management tool. Previous experience includes testing wireless networking equipment at HP and pharmaceutical applications at Apotex. Well versed in all phases of the SDLC with a focus on quality assurance.
This document provides a review of systematic quality software designing and development practices. It discusses software engineering processes, quality processes, design and development modeling approaches, and related works. The key points are:
1) Software engineering processes aim to ensure quality, meet deadlines, and manage expectations through defined stages and deliverables. Common models include waterfall, spiral, and agile.
2) Software quality processes evaluate and improve aspects like reliability, maintainability, and interoperability. Metrics and techniques are used to measure qualities.
3) Design and development involve life cycles, methods, and notations to systematically model requirements, architecture, and implementation. Waterfall and rapid prototyping are example models.
This document provides an overview of software testing concepts for beginners. It defines key terms like quality, testing, and standards. It describes different testing levels from unit to system testing. It also covers software development lifecycles, quality principles, project management, and configuration management. The goal is to introduce software testing fundamentals and processes.
This document provides an overview of software testing concepts for beginners. It defines key terms like quality, testing standards, and the cost of quality. It describes common software problems, testing objectives, and the roles of testers. It also explains software development lifecycles, quality assurance vs quality control, capability maturity models, and risk management best practices. The goal is to introduce foundational testing fundamentals and processes to those new to the field.
Software testing involves verifying that software meets requirements and works as intended. There are various testing types including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Testing methodologies include black box testing without viewing code and white box testing using internal knowledge. The goal is to find bugs early and ensure software reliability.
The document provides an overview of software testing, including common software problems, objectives and principles of testing, quality assurance vs quality control, software development life cycles, project management, and risk management. It discusses what testing is, why it's necessary, who does it, objectives of testing, types of problems found, quality principles, life cycles like waterfall and V-model, project planning, scheduling, staffing, and identifying, analyzing and managing risks.
The document provides an overview of manual software testing, including definitions, goals, and best practices. It discusses the importance of testing, what should be tested, quality principles, standards and certifications, the software development life cycle, and roles in the testing process. Testing is defined as evaluating a system to verify requirements or identify differences between expected and actual results. It aims to deliver high quality software by finding errors prior to release. Quality, defined as meeting customer requirements, is crucial and improved through principles like defect prevention. The document outlines the software development process and life cycle from requirement analysis through maintenance.
The document provides an overview of topics related to software quality assurance including software testing strategies, project management, risk management, and maintenance. It discusses software quality assurance and defines verification and validation. It describes different testing types like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and validation testing. It also covers ISO standards for testing, SQA plans, testing goals and attributes. Finally, it discusses testing approaches, strategies for validation testing, and the goals of system testing.
Software quality engineering (SQE) is the process of implementing quality checks throughout the entire software development lifecycle. Quality engineering aims to ensure high quality from the beginning by applying rigorous quality checks at each stage of product development through analysis, development, management and maintenance of quality assurance protocols. In software quality engineering, quality engineers design, implement and maintain policies and procedures to ensure quality processes and identify issues early through practices like functional testing, peer review, and static code analysis.
The document discusses software quality assurance. It defines SQA as using planned and systematic methods to evaluate software quality, standards, processes, and procedures. This ensures development follows standards and procedures through continuous monitoring, product evaluation, and audits. SQA activities include product evaluation and monitoring to ensure adherence to development plans, as well as product audits to thoroughly review products, processes, and documentation against established standards. Software reviews are used to uncover errors and defects during development in order to "purify" software requirements, design, code, and testing data before release.
All software engineering works toward a single goal: to produce high-quality software
Software quality assurance (SQA) is an umbrella activity that is applied throughout the software process.
The SQA activities and technical review help us in ensuring the quality of software product
The document discusses key concepts in software quality including:
1) The relationships between software errors, faults, and failures and their causes during development.
2) The importance of software quality and quality assurance objectives like defect prevention and removal.
3) Quality assurance techniques like verification, validation, inspections, testing and standards to evaluate conformance.
4) How quality is managed through metrics, process engineering, and cost controls.
Exploring Different Types of QA Methods_ An Overview.pdfPolyxer Systems
Quality assurance may sound like a reserved term for software developers, but it’s a crucial concept for any industry that strives for excellence.
QA is the systematic approach of ensuring that products or services consistently meet predefined standards and customer expectations.
What is the Difference Between Software Testing and QA Testing.pptxCalidad Infotech
In the fast-paced world of ever-evolving technology and the rapid rise of the IT industry, businesses and organizations worldwide pay utmost attention to quantity and quick deployment of digital products to capture significant market share.
This document provides an overview of quality assurance frameworks for software development. It discusses key concepts like quality, software quality assurance, and its components including software testing, quality control, and software configuration management. It also describes a software quality assurance plan and quality standards like ISO9000, CMM, PCMM, and CMMI. The document is presented by Ketan Mehta from Heritage Institute of Technology in Kolkata and covers an agenda including definitions of quality and SQA, their components, SQA plans, and quality standards.
The document discusses software testing fundamentals and principles. It defines software testing as evaluating a product to determine if it contains any defects and satisfies requirements. Testing is important to prevent errors and ensure quality, security, efficiency and flexibility. The key goals of testing are to find defects, verify that specifications are properly implemented, and ensure customer expectations are met.
The document discusses software quality and achieving high quality software. It notes that software companies often deliver software with known bugs and that low quality software increases risks for developers and users. It also discusses the costs of quality and how management decisions impact quality. Achieving quality involves software engineering methods, project management techniques, quality control, and quality assurance. Reviews, testing, and validation are important parts of the quality process.
“Good morning!”
IF Date == “01-01-2005” THEN
Print “Happy New Year”
ELSE
IF Date == “12-31-2004” THEN
Print “Happy New Years Eve!”
ELSE
Print “Have a good day!”
END IF
END IF
Print “The date is: ” + Date
Print “The time is: ” + Time
END
________________________________
- To achieve condition coverage for the above code, we would need 3 test cases:
1) Date = "01-01-2005"
2) Date = "12-31-2004"
3) Date is neither of the above
This ensures each condition is
Understanding the Importance of Quality Assurance Testing in Software Develop...flufftailshop
In the current dynamic and fiercely competitive digital realm, guaranteeing the excellence and dependability of software holds the utmost significance. This is where QA testing plays a crucial role. QA testing, also known as quality assurance testing or QA software testing, is a process that helps identify and eliminate defects or issues in software, ensuring that it meets the highest quality standards.
This document provides an overview of software testing concepts and processes. It discusses the importance of testing in the software development lifecycle and defines key terms like errors, bugs, faults, and failures. It also describes different types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. Finally, it covers quality assurance and quality control processes and how bugs are managed throughout their lifecycle.
This document discusses an AI-based traffic management software called JORSMOOTH being developed by Group 8. It aims to improve traffic flow, safety, and reduce emissions using a Dynamic Traffic Assignment model. The software will collect real-time traffic data, predict patterns, and optimize traffic routes to minimize congestion. It discusses the software design, architecture, requirements, risks, advantages, and disadvantages. The team aims to tackle disadvantages like technical complexity, privacy concerns and unintended consequences through specialized teams, strong collaboration, privacy policies and awareness campaigns.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
OpenID AuthZEN Interop Read Out - AuthorizationDavid Brossard
During Identiverse 2024 and EIC 2024, members of the OpenID AuthZEN WG got together and demoed their authorization endpoints conforming to the AuthZEN API
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
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Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
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2. Introduction & Fundamentals
What is Software Testing?
Why testing is necessary?
Who does the testing?
What has to be tested?
When is testing done?
How often to test?
Srihari Techsoft
3. Most Common Software problems
Incorrect calculation
Incorrect data edits & ineffective data
edits
Incorrect matching and merging of data
Data searches that yields incorrect
results
Incorrect processing of data
relationship
Incorrect coding / implementation of
business rules
Inadequate software performance
Srihari Techsoft
4. Confusing or misleading data
Software usability by end users &
Obsolete Software
Inconsistent processing
Unreliable results or performance
Inadequate support of business needs
Incorrect or inadequate interfaces
with other systems
Inadequate performance and security
controls
Incorrect file handling
Srihari Techsoft
5. Objectives of testing
Executing a program with the intent of
finding an error.
To check if the system meets the
requirements and be executed
successfully in the Intended environment.
To check if the system is “ Fit for purpose”.
To check if the system does what it is
expected to do.
Srihari Techsoft
6. Objectives of testing
A good test case is one that has a
probability of finding an as yet
undiscovered error.
A successful test is one that uncovers a
yet undiscovered error.
A good test is not redundant.
A good test should be “best of breed”.
A good test should neither be too simple
nor too complex.
Srihari Techsoft
7. Objective of a Software Tester
Find bugs as early as possible and make sure
they get fixed.
To understand the application well.
Study the functionality in detail to find where the
bugs are likely to occur.
Study the code to ensure that each and every
line of code is tested.
Create test cases in such a way that testing is
done to uncover the hidden bugs and also
ensure that the software is usable and reliable
Srihari Techsoft
8. VERIFICATION & VALIDATION
Verification - typically involves reviews and meeting
to evaluate documents, plans, code, requirements,
and specifications. This can be done with checklists,
issues lists, walkthroughs, and inspection meeting.
Validation - typically involves actual testing and
takes place after verifications are completed.
Validation and Verification process continue in
a cycle till the software becomes defects free.
Srihari Techsoft
11. PLAN (P): Device a plan. Define your objective and
determine the strategy and supporting methods
required to achieve that objective.
DO (D): Execute the plan. Create the conditions
and perform the necessary training to execute the
plan.
CHECK (C): Check the results. Check to determine
whether work is progressing according to the plan
and whether the results are obtained.
ACTION (A): Take the necessary and appropriate
action if checkup reveals that the work is not being
performed according to plan or not as anticipated.
Srihari Techsoft
12. QUALITY PRINCIPLES
Quality - the most important factor affecting an
organization’s long-term performance.
Quality - the way to achieve improved
productivity and competitiveness in
any organization.
Quality - saves. It does not cost.
Quality - is the solution to the problem, not a
problem.
Srihari Techsoft
13. Cost of Quality
Prevention Cost
Amount spent before the product is actually
built. Cost incurred on establishing methods
and procedures, training workers, acquiring
tools and planning for quality.
Appraisal cost
Amount spent after the product is built but
before it is shipped to the user. Cost of
inspection, testing, and reviews.
Srihari Techsoft
14. Failure Cost
Amount spent to repair failures.
Cost associated with defective products
that have been delivered to the user or
moved into production, costs involve
repairing products to make them fit as per
requirement.
Srihari Techsoft
15. Quality Assurance Quality Control
A planned and systematic
The process by which
set of activities necessary to
product quality is compared
provide adequate confidence
with applicable standards;
that requirements are
and the action taken when
properly established and
non-conformance is
products or services conform
detected.
to specified requirements.
An activity that establishes An activity which verifies if
and evaluates the processes the product meets pre-
to produce the products. defined standards.
Srihari Techsoft
16. Quality Assurance Quality Control
Helps establish processes. Implements the process.
Sets up measurements Verifies if specific
programs to evaluate attributes are in a specific
processes. product or Service
Identifies weaknesses in Identifies defects for the
processes and improves primary purpose of
them. correcting defects.
Srihari Techsoft
17. Responsibilities of QA and QC
QA is the responsibility of QC is the responsibility of the
the entire team. tester.
Prevents the introduction of Detects, reports and corrects
issues or defects defects
QA evaluates whether or not
QC evaluates if the application
quality control is working for
is working for the primary
the primary purpose of
purpose of determining if there
determining whether or not
is a flaw / defect in the
there is a weakness in the
functionalities.
process.
Srihari Techsoft
18. Responsibilities of QA and QC
QA improves the process
QC improves the
that is applied to multiple
development of a specific
products that will ever be
product or service.
produced by a process.
QA personnel should not
QC personnel may perform
perform quality control
quality assurance tasks if
unless doing it to validate
and when required.
quality control is working.
Srihari Techsoft
19. SEI – CMM
Software Engineering Institute (SEI) developed Capability
Maturity Model (CMM)
CMM describes the prime elements - planning, engineering,
managing software development and maintenance
CMM can be used for
• Software process improvement
• Software process assessment
• Software capability evaluations
Srihari Techsoft
20. The CMM is organized into five maturity level
Initial
Level 1
Disciplined Process
Repeatable
Level 2
Standard Consistence
Process
Defined
Level 3
Predictable Process
Managed
Level 4
Continuous
Improvement Process
Optimizing
Level 5
Srihari Techsoft
21. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE (SDLC)
Phases of SDLC
• Requirement Specification and
Analysis
• Design
• Coding
• Testing
• Implementation
• Maintenance
Srihari Techsoft
22. Requirement Specification
and Analysis
User Requirement Software Requirement
Specification (USR) Specification (SRS)
Srihari Techsoft
23. Design
The output of SRS is the input of design phase.
Two types of design -
High Level Design (HLD)
Low Level Design (LLD)
Srihari Techsoft
24. High Level Design (HLD)
List of modules and a brief description of each
module.
Brief functionality of each module.
Interface relationship among modules.
Dependencies between modules (if A exists, B
exists etc).
Database tables identified along with key
elements.
Overall architecture diagrams along with
technology details.
Srihari Techsoft
25. Low Level Design (LLD)
Detailed functional logic of the module, in
pseudo code.
Database tables, with all elements,
including their type and size.
All interface details.
All dependency issues
Error message listings
Complete input and outputs for a module.
Srihari Techsoft
26. The Design process
Breaking down the product into independent
modules to arrive at micro levels.
2 different approaches followed in designing –
Top Down Approach
Bottom Up Approach
Srihari Techsoft
29. Coding
Developers use the LLD document and
write the code in the programming language
specified.
Testing
The testing process involves development of
a test plan, executing the plan and
documenting the test results.
Implementation
Installation of the product in its operational
environment. Srihari Techsoft
30. Maintenance
After the software is released and the client starts
using the software, maintenance phase is started.
3 things happen - Bug fixing, Upgrade, Enhancement
Bug fixing – bugs arrived due to some untested
scenarios.
Upgrade – Upgrading the application to the newer
versions of the software.
Enhancement - Adding some new features into the
existing software.
Srihari Techsoft
31. SOFTWARE LIFE CYCLE MODELS
WATERFALL MODEL
V-PROCESS MODEL
SPIRAL MODEL
PROTOTYPE MODEL
INCREMENTAL MODEL
EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
Srihari Techsoft
33. Project Staffing
Project budget may not allow to utilize
highly – paid staff.
Staff with the appropriate experience may not
be available.
Srihari Techsoft
34. Project Planning
Plan Description
Quality plan Describes the quality procedures and
standards used in a project.
Validation plan Describes the approach, resources and
schedule used for system validation.
Configuration Describes the configuration management
management plan procedures and structures to be used.
Maintenance Predicts the maintenance requirements of the
plan system/ maintenance costs and efforts
required.
Staff Describes how the skills and experience of
development plan the project team members will be developed.
Srihari Techsoft
35. Project Scheduling
Bar charts and Activity Networks
Scheduling problems
Srihari Techsoft
37. Risk Risk Description
type
Staff Project Experienced staff will leave the
turnover project before it is finished.
Management Project There will be a change of
change organizational management with
different priorities.
Hardware Project Hardware which is essential for the
unavailability project will not be delivered on
schedule.
Requirements Project & There will be a larger number of
change Product changes to the requirements than
anticipated.
Srihari Techsoft
38. Risk Risk Description
type
Specification Project & Specifications of essential
delays Product interfaces are not available on
schedule.
Size under Project & The size of the system has been
estimate Product under estimated.
CASE tool under Product CASE tools which support the
performance project do not perform as
anticipated.
Technology Business The underlying technology on
change which the system is built is
superseded by new technology.
Product Business A competitive product is marketed
competition before the system is completed.
Srihari Techsoft
39. Configuration Management
PC version Mainframe
version
VMS
version
Initial system Workstation
DEC version
version
Unix
version
Sun
version
Srihari Techsoft
40. Configuration Management (CM)
Standards
CM should be based on a set of standards,
which are applied within an organization.
Srihari Techsoft
41. CM Planning
Documents, required for future system
maintenance, should be identified and included
as managed documents.
It
defines the types of documents to be
managed and a document naming scheme.
Srihari Techsoft
42. Change Management
Keeping and managing the changes and
ensuring that they are implemented in the most
cost-effective way.
Srihari Techsoft
43. Change Request form
A part of the CM planning process
Records change required
Change suggested by
Reason why change was suggested
Urgency of change
Records change evaluation
Impact analysis
Change cost
Recommendations(system maintenance staff)
Srihari Techsoft
44. VERSION AND RELEASE MANAGEMENT
Inventidentification scheme for system
versions and plan when new system version is
to be produced.
Ensure that version management procedures
and tools are properly applied and to plan and
distribute new system releases.
Srihari Techsoft
45. Versions/Variants/Releases
Variant An instance of a system which is
functionally identical but non – functionally
distinct from other instances of a system.
Versions An instance of a system, which is
functionally distinct in some way from other
system instances.
Release An instance of a system, which is
distributed to users outside of the development
team.
Srihari Techsoft
47. SOFTWARE TESTING LIFECYCLE -
PHASES
• Requirements study
• Test Case Design and
Development
• Test Execution
• Test Closure
• Test Process Analysis
Srihari Techsoft
48. Requirements study
Testing Cycle starts with the study of client’s
requirements.
Understanding of the requirements is very
essential for testing the product.
Srihari Techsoft
49. Analysis & Planning
• Test objective and coverage
• Overall schedule
• Standards and Methodologies
• Resources required, including necessary
training
• Roles and responsibilities of the team
members
• Tools used
Srihari Techsoft
50. Test Case Design and Development
• Component Identification
• Test Specification Design
• Test Specification Review
Test Execution
• Code Review
• Test execution and evaluation
• Performance and simulation
Srihari Techsoft
51. Test Closure
• Test summary report
• Project De-brief
• Project Documentation
Test Process Analysis
Analysis done on the reports and improving
the application’s performance by implementing
new technology and additional features.
Srihari Techsoft
54. Unit testing
The most ‘micro’ scale of testing.
Tests done on particular functions or code
modules.
Requires knowledge of the internal program
design and code.
Done by Programmers (not by testers).
Srihari Techsoft
55. Unit testing
Objectives • To test the function of a program or unit of
code such as a program or module
• To test internal logic
• To verify internal design
• To test path & conditions coverage
• To test exception conditions & error
handling
When • After modules are coded
Input • Internal Application Design
• Master Test Plan
• Unit Test Plan
Output • Unit Test Report
Srihari Techsoft
56. Who •Developer
Methods •White Box testing techniques
•Test Coverage techniques
Tools •Debug
•Re-structure
•Code Analyzers
•Path/statement coverage tools
Education •Testing Methodology
•Effective use of tools
Srihari Techsoft
57. Incremental integration testing
Continuous testing of an application as and
when a new functionality is added.
Application’s functionality aspects are required
to be independent enough to work separately
before completion of development.
Done by programmers or testers.
Srihari Techsoft
58. Integration Testing
Testing of combined parts of an application to
determine their functional correctness.
‘Parts’ can be
• code modules
• individual applications
• client/server applications on a network.
Srihari Techsoft
59. Types of Integration Testing
• Big Bang testing
• Top Down Integration testing
• Bottom Up Integration testing
Srihari Techsoft
60. Integration testing
Objectives • To technically verify proper
interfacing between modules, and
within sub-systems
When • After modules are unit tested
Input • Internal & External Application
Design
• Master Test Plan
• Integration Test Plan
Output • Integration Test report
Srihari Techsoft
61. Who •Developers
Methods •White and Black Box
techniques
•Problem /
Configuration
Management
Tools •Debug
•Re-structure
•Code Analyzers
Education •Testing Methodology
•Effective use of tools
Srihari Techsoft
62. System Testing
Objectives • To verify that the system components perform
control functions
• To perform inter-system test
• To demonstrate that the system performs both
functionally and operationally as specified
• To perform appropriate types of tests relating
to Transaction Flow, Installation, Reliability,
Regression etc.
When • After Integration Testing
Input • Detailed Requirements & External Application
Design
• Master Test Plan
• System Test Plan
Output • System Test Report
Srihari Techsoft
63. Who •Development Team and Users
Methods •Problem / Configuration
Management
Tools •Recommended set of tools
Education •Testing Methodology
•Effective use of tools
Srihari Techsoft
64. Systems Integration Testing
Objectives • To test the co-existence of products and
applications that are required to perform
together in the production-like operational
environment (hardware, software, network)
• To ensure that the system functions together
with all the components of its environment as a
total system
• To ensure that the system releases can be
deployed in the current environment
When • After system testing
• Often performed outside of project life-cycle
Input • Test Strategy
• Master Test Plan
• Systems Integration Test Plan
Output • Systems Integration Test report
Srihari Techsoft
65. Who •System Testers
Methods •White and Black Box techniques
•Problem / Configuration
Management
Tools •Recommended set of tools
Education •Testing Methodology
•Effective use of tools
Srihari Techsoft
66. Acceptance Testing
Objectives • To verify that the system meets
the user requirements
When • After System Testing
Input • Business Needs & Detailed
Requirements
• Master Test Plan
• User Acceptance Test Plan
Output • User Acceptance Test report
Srihari Techsoft
67. Who Users / End Users
Methods •Black Box techniques
•Problem / Configuration
Management
Tools Compare, keystroke capture & playback,
regression testing
Education •Testing Methodology
•Effective use of tools
•Product knowledge
•Business Release Strategy
Srihari Techsoft
70. Black box testing
• No knowledge of internal design or code
required.
• Tests are based on requirements and
functionality
White box testing
• Knowledge of the internal program design
and code required.
• Tests are based on coverage of code
statements,branches,paths,conditions.
Srihari Techsoft
71. Black Box - testing technique
Incorrect or missing functions
Interface errors
Errors in data structures or external database
access
Performance errors
Initialization and termination errors
Srihari Techsoft
72. Black box / Functional testing
Based on requirements and functionality
Not based on any knowledge of internal
design or code
Covers all combined parts of a system
Tests are data driven
Srihari Techsoft
73. White box testing / Structural testing
Based on knowledge of internal logic of an
application's code
Based on coverage of code statements,
branches, paths, conditions
Tests are logic driven
Srihari Techsoft
74. Functional testing
Black box type testing geared to functional
requirements of an application.
Done by testers.
System testing
Black box type testing that is based on overall
requirements specifications; covering all combined
parts of the system.
End-to-end testing
Similar to system testing; involves testing of a
complete application environment in a situation that
mimics real-world use.
Srihari Techsoft
75. Sanity testing
Initial effort to determine if a new software
version is performing well enough to accept
it for a major testing effort.
Regression testing
Re-testing after fixes or modifications of the
software or its environment.
Srihari Techsoft
76. Acceptance testing
Final testing based on specifications of the
end-user or customer
Load testing
Testing an application under heavy loads.
Eg. Testing of a web site under a range of
loads to determine, when the system
response time degraded or fails.
Srihari Techsoft
77. Stress Testing
Testing under unusually heavy loads, heavy
repetition of certain actions or inputs, input of
large numerical values, large complex queries
to a database etc.
Term often used interchangeably with ‘load’
and ‘performance’ testing.
Performance testing
Testing how well an application complies to
performance requirements.
Srihari Techsoft
78. Install/uninstall testing
Testing of full,partial or upgrade
install/uninstall process.
Recovery testing
Testing how well a system recovers from
crashes, HW failures or other problems.
Compatibility testing
Testing how well software performs in a
particular HW/SW/OS/NW environment.
Srihari Techsoft
79. Exploratory testing / ad-hoc testing
Informal SW test that is not based on formal test
plans or test cases; testers will be learning the
SW in totality as they test it.
Comparison testing
Comparing SW strengths and weakness to
competing products.
Srihari Techsoft
80. Alpha testing
•Testing done when development is nearing
completion; minor design changes may still
be made as a result of such testing.
Beta-testing
•Testing when development and testing are
essentially completed and final bugs and
problems need to be found before release.
Srihari Techsoft
81. Mutation testing
To determining if a set of test data or test cases is
useful, by deliberately introducing various bugs.
Re-testing with the original test data/cases to
determine if the bugs are detected.
Srihari Techsoft
83. White Box - testing technique
All independent paths within a module have been
exercised at least once
Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false
sides
Execute all loops at their boundaries and within their
operational bounds
Exercise internal data structures to ensure their
validity
Srihari Techsoft
84. Loop Testing
This white box technique focuses on the validity
of loop constructs.
4 different classes of loops can be defined
• simple loops
• nested loops
• concatenated loops
• Unstructured loops
Srihari Techsoft
85. Other White Box Techniques
Statement Coverage – execute all statements at least once
Decision Coverage – execute each decision direction at least
once
Condition Coverage – execute each decision with all possible
outcomes at least once
Decision / Condition coverage – execute all possible
combinations of condition outcomes in
each decision.
Multiple condition Coverage – Invokes each point of entry at
least once.
Examples ……
Srihari Techsoft
86. Statement Coverage – Examples
Eg. A + B
If (A = 3) Then
B=X+Y
End-If
While (A > 0) Do
Read (X)
A=A-1
End-While-Do
Srihari Techsoft
87. Decision Coverage - Example
If A < 10 or A > 20 Then
B=X+Y
Condition Coverage – Example
A=X
If (A > 3) or (A < B) Then
B=X+Y
End-If-Then
While (A > 0) and (Not EOF) Do
Read (X)
A=A-1
End-While-Do
Srihari Techsoft
88. Incremental Testing
A disciplined method of testing the interfaces
between unit-tested programs as well as
between system components.
Involves adding unit-testing program module
or component one by one, and testing each
result and combination.
Srihari Techsoft
89. There are two types of incremental testing
Top-down – testing form the top of the
module hierarchy and work down to the bottom.
Modules are added in descending hierarchical
order.
Bottom-up – testing from the bottom of the
hierarchy and works up to the top. Modules are
added in ascending hierarchical order.
Srihari Techsoft
90. Testing Levels/ White Black Incre- Thread
Techniques Box Box mental
Unit Testing X
Integration X
X X
Testing
System Testing X
Acceptance
X
Testing
Srihari Techsoft
92. Stress / Load Test
Evaluates a system or component at or beyond
the limits of its specified requirements.
Determines the load under which it fails and
how.
Srihari Techsoft
93. Performance Test
Evaluate the compliance of a system or
component with specified performance
requirements.
Often performed using an automated test tool
to simulate large number of users.
Srihari Techsoft
94. Recovery Test
Confirms that the system recovers from
expected or unexpected events without loss
of data or functionality.
Eg.
Shortage of disk space
Unexpected loss of communication
Power out conditions
Srihari Techsoft
95. Conversion Test
Testing of code that is used to convert data
from existing systems for use in the newly
replaced systems
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96. Usability Test
Testing the system for the users
to learn and use the product.
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97. Configuration Test
Examines an application's requirements for pre-
existing software, initial states and
configuration in order to maintain proper
functionality.
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98. SOFTWARE TESTING LIFECYCLE -
PHASES
• Requirements study
• Test Case Design and
Development
• Test Execution
• Test Closure
• Test Process Analysis
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99. Requirements study
Testing Cycle starts with the study of client’s
requirements.
Understanding of the requirements is very
essential for testing the product.
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100. Analysis & Planning
• Test objective and coverage
• Overall schedule
• Standards and Methodologies
• Resources required, including necessary
training
• Roles and responsibilities of the team
members
• Tools used
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101. Test Case Design and Development
• Component Identification
• Test Specification Design
• Test Specification Review
Test Execution
• Code Review
• Test execution and evaluation
• Performance and simulation
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102. Test Closure
• Test summary report
• Project Documentation
Test Process Analysis
Analysis done on the reports and improving
the application’s performance by implementing
new technology and additional features.
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103. TEST PLAN
Objectives
To create a set of testing tasks.
Assign resources to each testing task.
Estimate completion time for each testing task.
Document testing standards.
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104. A document that describes the
scope
approach
resources
schedule
…of intended test activities.
Identifies the
test items
features to be tested
testing tasks
task allotment
risks requiring contingency planning.
105. Purpose of preparing a Test Plan
Validate the acceptability of a software product.
Help the people outside the test group to understand
‘why’ and ‘how’ of product validation.
A Test Plan should be
thorough enough (Overall coverage of test to be
conducted)
useful and understandable by the people inside and
outside the test group.
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106. Scope
The areas to be tested by the QA team.
Specify the areas which are out of scope (screens,
database, mainframe processes etc).
Test Approach
Details on how the testing is to be performed.
Any specific strategy is to be followed for
testing (including configuration management).
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107. Entry Criteria
Various steps to be performed before the start of a
test i.e. Pre-requisites.
E.g.
Timely environment set up
Starting the web server/app server
Successful implementation of the latest build etc.
Resources
List of the people involved in the project and their
designation etc.
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108. Tasks/Responsibilities
Tasks to be performed and responsibilities
assigned to the various team members.
Exit Criteria
Contains tasks like
•Bringing down the system / server
•Restoring system to pre-test environment
•Database refresh etc.
Schedule / Milestones
Deals with the final delivery date and the
various milestones dates.
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109. Hardware / Software Requirements
Details of PC’s / servers required to install the
application or perform the testing
Specific software to get the application
running or to connect to the database etc.
Risks & Mitigation Plans
List out the possible risks during testing
Mitigation plans to implement incase the risk
actually turns into a reality.
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110. Tools to be used
List the testing tools or utilities
Eg.WinRunner, LoadRunner, Test Director,
Rational Robot, QTP.
Deliverables
Various deliverables due to the client at various
points of time i.e. Daily / weekly / start of the
project end of the project etc.
These include test plans, test procedures, test
metric, status reports, test scripts etc.
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111. References
Procedures
Templates (Client specific or otherwise)
Standards / Guidelines e.g. Qview
Project related documents (RSD, ADD,
FSD etc).
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112. Annexure
Links to documents which have been / will be
used in the course of testing
Eg. Templates used for reports, test cases etc.
Referenced documents can also be attached here.
Sign-off
Mutual agreement between the client and the QA
Team.
Both leads/managers signing their agreement on
the Test Plan.
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113. Good Test Plans
Developed and Reviewed early.
Clear, Complete and Specific
Specifies tangible deliverables that can be
inspected.
Staff knows what to expect and when to expect it.
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114. Good Test Plans
Realistic quality levels for goals
Includes time for planning
Can be monitored and updated
Includes user responsibilities
Based on past experience
Recognizes learning curves
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115. TEST CASES
Test case is defined as
A set of test inputs, execution conditions and
expected results, developed for a particular
objective.
Documentation specifying inputs, predicted
results and a set of execution conditions for a test
item.
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116. Specific inputs that will be tried and the
procedures that will be followed when the
software tested.
Sequence of one or more subtests executed as
a sequence as the outcome and/or final state of
one subtests is the input and/or initial state of
the next.
Specifies the pretest state of the AUT and its
environment, the test inputs or conditions.
The expected result specifies what the AUT
should produce from the test inputs.
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117. Good Test Plans
Developed and Reviewed early.
Clear, Complete and Specific
Specifies tangible deliverables that can be
inspected.
Staff knows what to expect and when to expect it.
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118. Good Test Plans
Realistic quality levels for goals
Includes time for planning
Can be monitored and updated
Includes user responsibilities
Based on past experience
Recognizes learning curves
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119. Test Cases
Contents
Test plan reference id
Test case
Test condition
Expected behavior
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120. Good Test Cases
Find Defects
Have high probability of finding a new defect.
Unambiguous tangible result that can be
inspected.
Repeatable and predictable.
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121. Good Test Cases
Traceable to requirements or design documents
Push systems to its limits
Execution and tracking can be automated
Do not mislead
Feasible
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122. Defect Life Cycle
What is Defect?
A defect is a variance from a desired
product attribute.
Two categories of defects are
• Variance from product specifications
• Variance from Customer/User
expectations
123. Variance from product specification
Product built varies from the product specified.
Variance from Customer/User specification
A specification by the user not in the built
product, but something not specified has been
included.
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124. Defect categories
Wrong
The specifications have been implemented
incorrectly.
Missing
A specified requirement is not in the built
product.
Extra
A requirement incorporated into the product
that was not specified.
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125. Defect Log
• Defect ID number
• Descriptive defect name and type
• Source of defect – test case or other source
• Defect severity
• Defect Priority
• Defect status (e.g. New, open, fixed, closed,
reopen, reject)
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126. 7. Date and time tracking for either the most
recent status change, or for each change in the
status.
8. Detailed description, including the steps
necessary to reproduce the defect.
9. Component or program where defect was found
10. Screen prints, logs, etc. that will aid the
developer in resolution process.
11. Stage of origination.
12. Person assigned to research and/or corrects the
defect.
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127. Severity Vs Priority
Severity
Factor that shows how bad the defect is
and the impact it has on the product
Priority
Based upon input from users regarding
which defects are most important to them,
and be fixed first.
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129. Severity Level – Critical
An installation process which does not load a
component.
A missing menu option.
Security permission required to access a function
under test.
Functionality does not permit for further testing.
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130. Runtime Errors like JavaScript errors etc.
Functionality Missed out / Incorrect
Implementation (Major Deviation from
Requirements).
Performance Issues (If specified by Client).
Browser incompatibility and Operating systems
incompatibility issues depending on the impact
of error.
Dead Links.
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131. Severity Level – Major / High
Reboot the system.
The wrong field being updated.
An updated operation that fails to complete.
Performance Issues (If not specified by Client).
Mandatory Validations for Mandatory Fields.
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132. Functionality incorrectly implemented (Minor
Deviation from Requirements).
Images, Graphics missing which hinders
functionality.
Front End / Home Page Alignment issues.
Severity Level – Average / Medium
Incorrect/missing hot key operation.
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133. Severity Level – Minor / Low
Misspelled or ungrammatical text
Inappropriate or incorrect formatting (such as
text font, size, alignment, color, etc.)
Screen Layout Issues
Spelling Mistakes / Grammatical Mistakes
Documentation Errors
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134. Page Titles Missing
Alt Text for Images
Background Color for the Pages other than
Home page
Default Value missing for the fields required
Cursor Set Focus and Tab Flow on the Page
Images, Graphics missing, which does not,
hinders functionality
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135. Test Reports
8 INTERIM REPORTS
Functional Testing Status
Functions Working Timeline
Expected Vs Actual Defects Detected Timeline
Defects Detected Vs Corrected Gap Timeline
Average Age of Detected Defects by type
Defect Distribution
Relative Defect Distribution
Testing Action
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136. Functional Testing Status Report
Report shows percentage of the
functions that are
•Fully Tested
•Tested with Open defects
•Not Tested
137. Functions Working Timeline
Report shows the actual plan to have all
functions verses the current status of the
functions working.
Line graph is an ideal format.
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138. Expected Vs. Actual Defects Detected
Analysis between the number of defects being
generated against the expected number of
defects expected from the planning stage.
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139. Defects Detected Vs. Corrected Gap
A line graph format that shows the
Number of defects uncovered verses the
number of defects being corrected and
accepted by the testing group.
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140. Average Age Detected Defects by Type
Average days of outstanding defects by its
severity type or level.
The planning stage provides the acceptable
open days by defect type.
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141. Defect Distribution
Shows defect distribution by function or module
and the number of tests completed.
Relative Defect Distribution
Normalize the level of defects with the
previous reports generated.
Normalizing over the number of functions or
lines of code shows a more accurate level of
defects. Srihari Techsoft
142. Testing Action
Report shows
Possible shortfalls in testing
Number of severity-1 defects
Priority of defects
Recurring defects
Tests behind schedule
….and other information that present an accurate
testing picture
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144. Process Metrics
Measures the characteristic of the
• methods
• techniques
• tools
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145. Product Metrics
Measures the characteristic of the
documentation and code.
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146. Test Metrics
User Participation = User Participation test time
Vs. Total test time.
Path Tested = Number of path tested Vs. Total
number of paths.
Acceptance criteria tested = Acceptance criteria
verified Vs. Total acceptance criteria.
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147. Test cost = Test cost Vs. Total system cost.
Cost to locate defect = Test cost / No. of defects
located in the testing.
Detected production defect = No. of defects
detected in production / Application system size.
Test Automation = Cost of manual test effort /
Total test cost.
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148. CMM – Level 1 – Initial Level
The organization
Does not have an environment for developing
and maintaining software.
At the time of crises, projects usually stop
using all planned procedures and revert to
coding and testing.
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149. CMM – Level 2 – Repeatable level
Effective management process having
established which can be
Practiced
Documented
Enforced
Trained
Measured
Improvised
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150. CMM – Level 3 – Defined level
Standard defined software engineering and
management process for developing and
maintaining software.
These processes are put together to make a
coherent whole.
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151. CMM – Level 4 – Managed level
Quantitative goals set for both software products
and processes.
The organizational measurement plan involves
determining the productivity and quality for all
important software process activities across all
projects.
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152. CMM – Level 5 – Optimizing level
Emphasis laid on
Process improvement
Tools to identify weaknesses existing in their
processes
Make timely corrections
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153. TESTING STANDARDS
External Standards
Familiarity with and adoption of industry test
standards from organizations.
Internal Standards
Development and enforcement of the test
standards that testers must meet.
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154. IEEE STANDARDS
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers designed an entire set of standards
for software and to be followed by the
testers.
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155. IEEE – Standard Glossary of Software Engineering
Terminology
IEEE – Standard for Software Quality Assurance Plan
IEEE – Standard for Software Configuration
Management Plan
IEEE – Standard for Software for Software Test
Documentation
IEEE – Recommended Practice for Software
Requirement Specification Srihari Techsoft
156. IEEE – Standard for Software Unit Testing
IEEE – Standard for Software Verification and
Validation
IEEE – Standard for Software Reviews
IEEE – Recommended practice for Software
Design descriptions
IEEE – Standard Classification for Software
Anomalies
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157. IEEE – Standard for Software Productivity
metrics
IEEE – Standard for Software Project
Management plans
IEEE – Standard for Software Management
IEEE – Standard for Software Quality Metrics
Methodology
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158. Other standards…..
ISO – International Organization for Standards
Six Sigma – Zero Defect Orientation
SPICE – Software Process Improvement and
Capability Determination
NIST – National Institute of Standards and
Technology
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