Software_Development_and_Agile_Methodolo Software_Development_and_Agile_Methodolo

1. Software
Development
Process & Agile
Methodologies

2. Introduction to Software
Development
 Software development is the process of
designing, creating, testing, and maintaining
software applications.
 It involves transforming user requirements into a
functional software system.
 Used in various domains such as education,
healthcare, banking, AI, IoT, and enterprise
systems.
 Focuses on quality, efficiency, scalability, and
maintainability.

3. Software Development
Process (SDP)
 A structured approach used to develop software
systematically.
 Defines phases, activities, roles, and deliverables.
 Helps manage complexity and reduce project
risks.
 Ensures timely delivery and better quality
software.

4. Phases of Software
Development Process
 Requirement Analysis – Understanding user needs
and system expectations.
 System Design – Creating architecture and design
specifications.
 Implementation – Writing and coding the
software.
 Testing – Verifying and validating software
functionality.
 Deployment – Releasing the software to users.
 Maintenance – Fixing bugs and adding
enhancements.

5. Software Engineering
Principles
 Focus on quality and reliability.
 Modularity – Divide the system into manageable
components.
 Abstraction – Show only essential features and
hide complexity.
 Reusability – Use existing components to save
time and cost.
 Maintainability – Easy to modify and enhance the
software.
 Scalability – Ability to handle growth and
increased load.

6. Importance of Software
Engineering Principles
 Improves software quality and performance.
 Reduces development and maintenance cost.
 Ensures consistency and standardization.
 Enhances team collaboration and productivity.
 Supports long-term sustainability of software
systems.

7. Requirements Gathering
 The process of collecting requirements from
stakeholders.
 Identifies what the system should do and
constraints.
 Involves customers, end users, managers, and
developers.
 Forms the foundation for design and
development.

8. Techniques for
Requirements Gathering
 Interviews – One-to-one discussions with
stakeholders.
 Questionnaires – Structured data collection.
 Observation – Understanding existing systems.
 Workshops – Group discussions and brainstorming.
 Document Analysis – Studying existing documents
and systems.

9. Requirements Analysis
 Analyzing and refining gathered requirements.
 Identifying functional and non-functional
requirements.
 Removing ambiguity and conflicts.
 Creating Software Requirement Specification
(SRS).

10. Types of Requirements
 Functional Requirements – What the system
should do.
 Non-Functional Requirements – Performance,
security, usability, reliability.
 Business Requirements – Organizational goals.
 User Requirements – End-user expectations.

11. Overview of Programming
Languages
 Programming languages are used to instruct
computers.
 Enable developers to implement algorithms and
logic.
 Different languages are suitable for different
applications.
 Chosen based on performance, platform, and
requirements.

12. Types of Programming
Languages
 Procedural Languages – C, Pascal.
 Object-Oriented Languages – Java, C++, Python.
 Scripting Languages – JavaScript, PHP.
 Functional Languages – Haskell, Lisp.
 Domain-Specific Languages – SQL, MATLAB.

13. Traditional Software
Development Models
 Waterfall Model
 V-Model
 Spiral Model
 Incremental Model
 Big Bang Model

14. Waterfall Model
 Linear and sequential approach.
 Each phase must be completed before moving
to the next.
 Easy to understand and manage.
 Difficult to handle changes.
 Suitable for small and well-defined projects.

15. Agile Software
Development
 Agile is an iterative and incremental approach.
 Focuses on customer collaboration and flexibility.
 Delivers working software frequently.
 Responds quickly to changing requirements.

16. Agile Principles
 Customer satisfaction through early delivery.
 Welcome changing requirements.
 Frequent delivery of working software.
 Close collaboration between business and
developers.
 Continuous improvement.

17. Scrum Framework
 Popular Agile framework.
 Uses time-boxed iterations called Sprints.
 Key roles: Product Owner, Scrum Master,
Development Team.
 Artifacts: Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog,
Increment.
 Ceremonies: Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-up,
Review, Retrospective.

18. Kanban Methodology
 Visual workflow management method.
 Uses Kanban board to track tasks.
 Limits work in progress (WIP).
 Focuses on continuous delivery.
 Improves efficiency and flow.

19. DevOps Practices
 Combines Development and Operations.
 Encourages collaboration and automation.
 Continuous Integration (CI).
 Continuous Deployment (CD).
 Infrastructure as Code (IaC).
 Monitoring and feedback.

20. Benefits of DevOps
 Faster software delivery.
 Improved collaboration.
 Higher deployment frequency.
 Reduced failure rate of releases.
 Quick recovery from failures.

21. Comparison of
Methodologies
 Traditional Models – Rigid, sequential,
documentation-heavy.
 Agile – Flexible, iterative, customer-focused.
 DevOps – Automation-driven, continuous delivery.
 Traditional suits stable requirements.
 Agile & DevOps suit dynamic environments.

22. Conclusion
 Software development requires structured
processes and principles.
 Agile and DevOps improve adaptability and
speed.
 Choosing the right methodology is critical for
success.
 Modern software development emphasizes
collaboration and continuous improvement.