The document discusses various topics related to software testing including the software development life cycle, testing objectives, principles, types, plans, cases, techniques, tools, and an assessment. It provides an overview of functional and non-functional testing, test planning, case design, black box techniques, test execution, reporting, and tools. A sample assessment at the end includes multiple choice questions related to testing.
Agile/Scrum best Practices to improve quality.If some testing finds some defects, lot of testing would find lot of defects and improve quality. This presentation talks about few testing best practices that an agile team should follow for quality PI.
Agile/Scrum best Practices to improve quality.If some testing finds some defects, lot of testing would find lot of defects and improve quality. This presentation talks about few testing best practices that an agile team should follow for quality PI.
This is a free module from my course ISTQB CTAL Test Manager revised to 2012 syllabus. If you need full training feel free to contact me by email (amraldo@hotmail.com) or by mobile (+201223600207).
QUALITY METRICS OF TEST SUITES IN TESTDRIVEN DESIGNED APPLICATIONSijseajournal
New techniques for writing and developing software have evolved in recent years. One is Test-Driven
Development (TDD) in which tests are written before code. No code should be written without first having
a test to execute it. Thus, in terms of code coverage, the quality of test suites written using TDD should be
high.
In this work, we analyze applications written using TDD and traditional techniques. Specifically, we
demonstrate the quality of the associated test suites based on two quality metrics: 1) structure-based
criterion, 2) fault-based criterion. We learn that test suites with high branch test coverage will also have
high mutation scores, and we especially reveal this in the case of TDD applications. We found that TestDriven
Development is an effective approach that improves the quality of the test suite to cover more of the
source code and also to reveal more.
Strategies to Avoid Test Fixture Smells durin Software EvolutionMichaela Greiler
An important challenge in creating automated tests
is how to design test fixtures, i.e., the setup code that initializes the
system under test before actual automated testing can start. Test
designers have to choose between different approaches for the
setup, trading off maintenance overhead with slow test execution.
Over time, test code quality can erode and test smells can develop,
such as the occurrence of overly general fixtures, obscure inline
code and dead fields. In this paper, we investigate how
fixture-related test smells evolve over time by analyzing several
thousand revisions of five open source systems. Our findings
indicate that setup management strategies strongly influence the
types of test fixture smells that emerge in code, and that several
types of fixture smells often emerge at the same time. Based on
this information, we recommend important guidelines for setup
strategies, and suggest how tool support can be improved to help
in both avoiding the emergence of such smells as well as how to
refactor code when test smells do appear.
This is a free module from my course ISTQB CTFL Agile Tester revised to 2014 syllabus. If you need full training feel free to contact me by email (amraldo@hotmail.com) or by mobile (+201223600207).
This is a free module from my course ISTQB CTAL Test Manager revised to 2012 syllabus. If you need full training feel free to contact me by email (amraldo@hotmail.com) or by mobile (+201223600207).
QUALITY METRICS OF TEST SUITES IN TESTDRIVEN DESIGNED APPLICATIONSijseajournal
New techniques for writing and developing software have evolved in recent years. One is Test-Driven
Development (TDD) in which tests are written before code. No code should be written without first having
a test to execute it. Thus, in terms of code coverage, the quality of test suites written using TDD should be
high.
In this work, we analyze applications written using TDD and traditional techniques. Specifically, we
demonstrate the quality of the associated test suites based on two quality metrics: 1) structure-based
criterion, 2) fault-based criterion. We learn that test suites with high branch test coverage will also have
high mutation scores, and we especially reveal this in the case of TDD applications. We found that TestDriven
Development is an effective approach that improves the quality of the test suite to cover more of the
source code and also to reveal more.
Strategies to Avoid Test Fixture Smells durin Software EvolutionMichaela Greiler
An important challenge in creating automated tests
is how to design test fixtures, i.e., the setup code that initializes the
system under test before actual automated testing can start. Test
designers have to choose between different approaches for the
setup, trading off maintenance overhead with slow test execution.
Over time, test code quality can erode and test smells can develop,
such as the occurrence of overly general fixtures, obscure inline
code and dead fields. In this paper, we investigate how
fixture-related test smells evolve over time by analyzing several
thousand revisions of five open source systems. Our findings
indicate that setup management strategies strongly influence the
types of test fixture smells that emerge in code, and that several
types of fixture smells often emerge at the same time. Based on
this information, we recommend important guidelines for setup
strategies, and suggest how tool support can be improved to help
in both avoiding the emergence of such smells as well as how to
refactor code when test smells do appear.
This is a free module from my course ISTQB CTFL Agile Tester revised to 2014 syllabus. If you need full training feel free to contact me by email (amraldo@hotmail.com) or by mobile (+201223600207).
Basic of Software Testing. This presentation give course overview hosted on nimble e-learning platform.Presentation is just to give you brief overview of software testing.
Making the Unstable Stable - An Intro To TestingCameron Presley
Does it always seem like bugs you've fixed keep coming back? Does it seem like when you fix one bug, two more crop up? What if I were to tell you there's a better way?
In this presentation, we're going to explore how to make a code base more stable by using automated testing. To start, we'll explore the business case of why you should be writing tests by looking at industry studies and personal experience. From there, we'll look at the fundamentals of testing by talking about the pros/cons of unit, integration, and UI testing. Finally, we'll look at some resources to learn how to write tests.
Intended for developers who are new to testing, by the end of this presentation, you will understand why you should write tests, and will have the concepts and tools to get started.
Prerequisites
Some knowledge with an Object-Oriented language would be beneficial, but not required.
A presenetation on basics of software testing, explaining the software development life cycle and steps invovled in it and detials about each step from the testing point of view.
Software Testing
Different Types of Software Testing
Verification
Validation
Unit Testing
Beta Testing
Alpha Testing
Black Box Testing
White Box testing
Error
Bug
How To Write A Test Case In Software Testing | EdurekaEdureka!
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/KxelISpFqOY
(** Test Automation Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-progra... **)
This Edureka PPT on "Test Case in Software Testing" will give you in-depth knowledge on how to write a Test Case in Software Testing. The following are the topics covered in the session:
Software Testing Documentation
Test Case in Software Testing
Test Case Format
Test Case Design Technique
Test Case Guidelines
Demo: How to write a test case?
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Software Testing Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2UXwdJm
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. The Software Development Life Cycle
Requirement
Analysis
Design
CodingTesting
Implementation
Software Requirement Specification
Design Specification
Test Strategy
Test Plan
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4. Testing Objectives
• Testing activity is performed to find
defects in the softwareDetect Defects
• Testing activity is performed to check
if the software meets the specified
requirements
Determine
specified
Requirements are
met
• Testing activity is performed to test the
performance of the application.
Test the
Performance
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5. Testing Principles
Testing shows presence of defects
Exhaustive testing is impossible
Early Testing
Defect Clustering
Pesticide paradox
Testing is context dependent
Absence of errors fallacy
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6. Software Testing Life Cycle
Test Planning
Test Analysis and
Design
Test Implementation
and Execution
Evaluating Exit
Criteria and Reporting
Test Closure Activities
Testing Objectives are defined
Test Case designing
Identifying the Test Data
Identifying the environment,
Infrastructure and Tools
Test Executing
Test Results
Logging Defects
Re-testing
Verify if more testing is required
Test Summary Report
Test Archive
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8. Test Plan
Test Plan describes
Assign mitigation and contingencies to the identified risks
Decide scope of testing according to level of risk
Features to be tested
Features not to be tested
Tasks to be performed
The environment in which testing is to be done
Test Schedule
Test Execution
Test Plan
Scope ResourcesApproach Schedule
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9. Test Case
Expected Output Actual Result=
A test case is a document that contains detailed instructions for testing the
functionality of a software application
A Robust Test case should be
Independent to meet specific requirements
Easily understandable during testing
Free from spelling and grammatical mistakes.
Able to cover at least one functionality or requirement
Able to uncover bugs
Test Components
Test Case Name Objectives Test Case ID
Prerequisites Actions Expected Result
Actual Result Status General Remarks
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10. Black Box Test Design Technique
Boundary
Value Analysis
Equivalence
partitioning
Error
Guessing
State
Transition
Syntax Testing
Cause effect
Graphic
Represents a set of valid and invalid conditions
Test condition which give similar results are grouped under one partition
Number of test cases is reduced considerably
Identifies bugs around the boundaries.
Takes into account output specifications when deriving test cases
Used to test the behavior of the application where the bug is most likely to occur
ADHOC method to identify tests that are likely to expose bugs.
Enables to make guess about bugs that are likely to be present in the application
Test Activities based on areas that are not covered by formal design techniques.
Enables you to test the transition from one state to another
Identifies the events which causes the transition and specifies Actions that result
from the transition
Used to design test cases for software applications based on the syntax of the input.
Test the application with different set of input values
Used to identify possible causes of a problem by using the cause effect diagram
Analyze Cause of the problem
Identify the source of bugs and Observe the effects of the problem.
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11. Execute a Test Case
Test
Log
Pass BlockedFail
Attributes of Test Log
Test log identifier Test Description Test Case ID
Execution Description Actual Result Status
Environmental Information Anomalous Events Incident Identifier
Name of Tester Date of testing General Comments
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12. Test Summary Report
Parameters of Report
Number of Modules tested
Number of test cases passed or failed
Number of bugs identified
Precondition of Test Summary Report
Test Log to be completed
Testing activities should to be completed
Testing execution should be completed
Benefits of Test Summary Report
Effectiveness of testing effort
Quality of application
Test Coverage
Decide any change
Reference to lessons learned
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13. Defect
Defects are events that occurred during text execution and require
investigation.
New Open Assigned Resolved Verified Closed
Defer
Reject
ReopenDefect Report
Defect ID
Defect Summary
Actual Result
Expected Result
Date and Time
Supporting Evidence
Potential Impact (Severity & Priority)
Found By
Assigned To
Status
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14. Test Tools
Functional
Testing Tools
Software
Functionality
Software Requirement
Specifications
Used mainly for regression testing
Performance
Testing Tools
Speed Effectiveness
Load
Stress
Features of Performance Test Tool
Generating Load
Measuring timing of transactions
Measuring average response time
Creating graphs and charts
E.g. QTP, Winrunner
E.g. Load Runner,
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17. Question 1
Which is the correct principle of testing?
a. Testing is context independent.
b. Testing shows presence of defects.
c. Exhaustive testing is possible.
d. Defects are evenly distributed across the modules of software.
Answer: Testing shows presence of defects
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18. Question 2
Which is the first phase of the SDLC?
a. Development
b. Testing
c. Analysis
d. Design
Answer: Analysis
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19. Question 3
Which level of testing detects defects in the integration of components?
a. Alpha testing
b. Component integration testing
c. System integration testing
d. Beta testing
Answer: Component integration testing
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20. Question 4
True or False? If a software application has bugs, the expected and the
actual test result will be different.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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21. Question 5
Which attribute of a test log is used to describe the sequence of steps or
actions to execute a test log?
a. Execution description
b. Test log identifier
c. Test description
d. Anomalous events
Answer: Execution description
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22. Question 6
Which component of the test case provides a detailed description of every
step of execution?
a. Actual result
b. Expected result
c. Remarks
d. Action
Answer: Action
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23. Question 7
How many test cases will you need to achieve complete coverage on a
branch?
a. One
b. Two
c. Four
d. Three
Answer: Two
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24. Question 8
Risk priority helps you determine:
a. Size of the testing team.
b. Need for regression testing.
c. Extent of testing required.
d. Requirements for a testing tool.
Answer: Extent of testing required
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25. Question 9
True or False? Before creating a test summary report, you need to ensure
that each test case is given a test status such as pass, fail, or blocked.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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26. Question 10
Which testing type will you perform to ensure that no new defects are
introduced in a new build of the software?
a. Component testing
b. Confirmation testing
c. Regression testing
d. Acceptance testing
Answer: Regression testing
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27. Question 11
True or False? White-box testing techniques are used at acceptance level
testing.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
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28. Question 12
True or False? If software is delivered to the customer with defects in it,
then it is a product risk.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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29. Question 13
Which test case design technique is used to separate groups of input
conditions to obtain the same kind of output?
a. Equivalence partitioning
b. State transition testing
c. Error guessing
d. Boundary value analysis
Answer: Equivalence partitioning
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30. Question 14
What is the importance of test planning?
a. To prepare test documents.
b. To create a matrix for measuring test results.
c. To define the testing approach.
d. To evaluate exit criteria.
Answer: To define the testing approach.
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31. For any QA training and support
related discussion, mail me at
gksha.ittraining@gmail.com
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