Integrating agile into sdlc presentation pmi v2pmimkecomm
The document discusses integrating Agile practices into a company's software development lifecycle (SDLC). It outlines key Agile concepts like product backlogs, sprints, and daily standups. It provides examples of how sprints can align with the SDLC and what deliverables each sprint produces. Critical success factors and potential adoption risks are also covered.
1. The document discusses different software development lifecycle (SDLC) frameworks including waterfall, fountain, spiral, rapid application development, and rapid prototyping.
2. Each framework is described in terms of its advantages and disadvantages. For example, the waterfall model is linear and sequential but slow, while rapid prototyping allows for an iterative process and early user involvement but is harder to estimate timelines.
3. The document also covers why large projects fail, focusing on issues with requirements, risks, communication, and planning.
This document provides an overview of software engineering concepts including:
- The 4 P's of software development which are people, process, project, and product.
- Common software process models like waterfall, prototype, spiral, and RAD.
- Software engineering tasks like documentation, coding, implementation, and maintenance.
- Risks in software development such as technical risks, business risks, and customer risks.
The document provides an overview of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including:
- The SDLC is a process consisting of planned activities to develop or alter software products. It aims to produce high-quality software that meets requirements.
- Common SDLC models include waterfall, iterative, spiral, V-model, big bang, agile, RAD, and prototyping. Each has distinct phases and approaches.
- The waterfall model is sequential with distinct phases like planning, design, implementation, testing, and deployment. It works well for small, stable projects but not for complex projects with changing requirements.
Software development is the process of creating and maintaining software applications and components. It involves conceiving ideas, specifying requirements, designing, programming, testing, and fixing bugs. The software can be developed for a variety of purposes like custom software for clients, commercial software, or personal use. Different methodologies take structured or incremental approaches to the stages of software development which typically include analyzing problems, gathering requirements, designing, implementing, testing, deploying, and maintaining the software. The best approach depends on how well understood the problem is and whether the solution can be planned out in advance or needs to evolve incrementally.
Joint Application Design (JAD) is a structured methodology for gathering requirements from stakeholders. It involves multiple phases including a JAD plan session to define the project scope and design sessions. In the design sessions, a JAD team models processes and data, designs interfaces, and documents requirements to develop a solution that meets business objectives. Post-JAD analysis and post-project analysis are conducted to evaluate what can be improved for future projects.
In this presentation, we will understand about team roles for project, how to determine requirements activities and planning steps and understanding requirements risk approach. We will also discuss about identifying stakeholders, defining business analyst work division strategy, core business concepts, risk control, various related documentations and procedure of collecting product metrics.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Integrating agile into sdlc presentation pmi v2pmimkecomm
The document discusses integrating Agile practices into a company's software development lifecycle (SDLC). It outlines key Agile concepts like product backlogs, sprints, and daily standups. It provides examples of how sprints can align with the SDLC and what deliverables each sprint produces. Critical success factors and potential adoption risks are also covered.
1. The document discusses different software development lifecycle (SDLC) frameworks including waterfall, fountain, spiral, rapid application development, and rapid prototyping.
2. Each framework is described in terms of its advantages and disadvantages. For example, the waterfall model is linear and sequential but slow, while rapid prototyping allows for an iterative process and early user involvement but is harder to estimate timelines.
3. The document also covers why large projects fail, focusing on issues with requirements, risks, communication, and planning.
This document provides an overview of software engineering concepts including:
- The 4 P's of software development which are people, process, project, and product.
- Common software process models like waterfall, prototype, spiral, and RAD.
- Software engineering tasks like documentation, coding, implementation, and maintenance.
- Risks in software development such as technical risks, business risks, and customer risks.
The document provides an overview of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including:
- The SDLC is a process consisting of planned activities to develop or alter software products. It aims to produce high-quality software that meets requirements.
- Common SDLC models include waterfall, iterative, spiral, V-model, big bang, agile, RAD, and prototyping. Each has distinct phases and approaches.
- The waterfall model is sequential with distinct phases like planning, design, implementation, testing, and deployment. It works well for small, stable projects but not for complex projects with changing requirements.
Software development is the process of creating and maintaining software applications and components. It involves conceiving ideas, specifying requirements, designing, programming, testing, and fixing bugs. The software can be developed for a variety of purposes like custom software for clients, commercial software, or personal use. Different methodologies take structured or incremental approaches to the stages of software development which typically include analyzing problems, gathering requirements, designing, implementing, testing, deploying, and maintaining the software. The best approach depends on how well understood the problem is and whether the solution can be planned out in advance or needs to evolve incrementally.
Joint Application Design (JAD) is a structured methodology for gathering requirements from stakeholders. It involves multiple phases including a JAD plan session to define the project scope and design sessions. In the design sessions, a JAD team models processes and data, designs interfaces, and documents requirements to develop a solution that meets business objectives. Post-JAD analysis and post-project analysis are conducted to evaluate what can be improved for future projects.
In this presentation, we will understand about team roles for project, how to determine requirements activities and planning steps and understanding requirements risk approach. We will also discuss about identifying stakeholders, defining business analyst work division strategy, core business concepts, risk control, various related documentations and procedure of collecting product metrics.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
This document discusses Boehm's top 10 principles of conventional software management and important trends in improving software economics. It also covers the three generations of software development (conventional, transition, and modern practices), comparing their characteristics. Finally, it lists and explains 10 principles of conventional software engineering and the top 10 principles of modern software management.
Software organizations that want to maximize the yield of Software Testing find that choosing the right testing strategy is hard, and most testing managers are ill-prepared for this. The organization has to learn how to plan testing efforts based on the characteristics of each project and the many ways the software product is to be used. This tutorial is intended for Software professionals who are likely to be responsible for defining the strategy and planning of the testing effort and managing it through its life cycle. These roles are usually Testing Managers or Project Managers.
OO Development 2 - Software Development MethodologiesRandy Connolly
Course material from my Object-Oriented Development course. This presentation discusses methodologies, development processes, the waterfall model and interative development.
A 1986 movie depicts a young boy competing against experienced riders in a high-stakes BMX trick competition to win it all. Rapid Application Development (RAD) is a software development methodology that emphasizes rapid prototyping and minimal planning in order to create usable systems quickly, often within 60-90 days, though sometimes with compromises to cost, quality or completeness. The document outlines the principles, process, benefits and limitations of the RAD approach.
The systems development life cycle (SDLC), also referred to as the application development life-cycle, is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. @ paghdalyogesh@gmail.com
The document discusses software development life cycles and the classical waterfall model. It describes the phases of the classical waterfall model as feasibility study, requirements analysis and specification, design, coding and unit testing, integration and system testing, and maintenance. It explains that the classical waterfall model divides the life cycle into distinct phases where each phase must be completed before the next one begins. The document provides details about the goals and activities of each phase.
The document discusses the iterative software development process (SDP). It describes the main stages as analysis, design, implementation, testing, documentation, evaluation, and maintenance. At each stage, specific tasks are undertaken, such as creating requirements in analysis, designing algorithms and diagrams in design, coding in implementation, testing in testing, creating user guides in documentation, and fixing bugs in maintenance. People involved include clients, analysts, project managers, and programmers. Documents created include specifications, algorithms, test reports, guides, and evaluation/maintenance reports.
This document discusses different models for embedded systems design and software development lifecycles. It begins by defining embedded systems and noting their wide applications. It then covers several development models including the big-bang model, code-and-fix model, waterfall model, and spiral model. The waterfall model is described as having distinct phases but no feedback, while the spiral model iterates through phases with feedback between cycles. The document discusses risks in software development and notes embedded systems often deal with "wicked problems" that are only fully understood after a solution is implemented. It covers several iterative models like ROPES and Scrum that aim to manage risk through incremental development.
This document summarizes several software development process models. It begins by defining what a software process is - a framework for the activities required to build software. It then discusses evolutionary models like prototyping and the spiral model, which use iterative development and user feedback. Concurrent modeling is presented as allowing activities to occur simultaneously. The Unified Process is described as use case driven and iterative. Other models discussed include component-based development, formal methods, and aspect-oriented development. Personal and team software processes are also summarized, focusing on planning, metrics, and continuous improvement.
The document provides an overview of the Rational Unified Process (RUP). It discusses that the RUP is a software engineering process that guides software development organizations. The RUP is designed and delivered like software, with regular updates. It captures many modern best practices such as iterative development, managing requirements, and continuously verifying quality. The RUP has a defined structure using phases, iterations, and disciplines to group activities. It can also be customized to meet an organization's specific needs.
This document discusses the transition from traditional waterfall software development models to more agile approaches like Scrum and Kanban. It outlines some key limitations of the waterfall model, including unrealistic assumptions about requirements stability and integration challenges. Many software projects adopting waterfall experienced late delivery, changing requirements issues, and customer dissatisfaction. More iterative agile methods like Scrum and Kanban address these issues by emphasizing working software over documentation, incremental delivery, and flexibility. Studies show higher success rates for agile projects compared to waterfall. Large organizations are increasingly adopting agile practices across many teams and projects.
A software process model is an abstract representation of a process that guides the coordination and control of tasks needed to develop software. Common models include waterfall, prototype, rapid application development, evolutionary development, incremental, iterative, spiral, and component-based development. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without iteration. Iterative models allow for incremental development and feedback through multiple iterations. The spiral model combines iterative development with risk analysis through iterations called spirals.
DSDM is a software development methodology based on RAD that emphasizes iterative development, user involvement, and adaptability. It aims to deliver working software frequently within budget and schedule while allowing changing requirements. DSDM was developed in the 1990s in the UK and uses principles like active user involvement, empowered decision-making teams, and reversible changes to facilitate iterative and collaborative development.
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which is a process that consists of detailed planning for developing, maintaining, replacing, and enhancing software within an organization. The SDLC defines a methodology with phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, and testing/maintenance. The planning phase involves feasibility studies and creating a project plan. The analysis phase breaks down requirements and gathers stakeholder needs. The design phase determines if development is internal or outsourced. The implementation phase builds, tests, and trains users on the new software. Testing and maintenance identifies and fixes bugs while accommodating new requirements.
Project management chapter_04 for MSBTEKalyan Ingole
This presentation is about the project management that contains project management spectrum,Risk management,change management,configuration management and clean room strategy
Traditional software development methodologies were not well-suited to frequent changes in requirements. Newer agile methodologies like Agile and XP emphasize adaptability, iterative development, and communication between developers and customers. These methodologies may provide better efficiency and quality outcomes than traditional predictive models. While documentation is still important, agile focuses on executable work products over speculative documentation and emphasizes that documentation should have clear benefits outweighing production costs. Choosing the right methodology requires considering an organization's goals and ability to manage challenges in a dynamic business environment.
This lecture note discusses software development process models. It begins by defining the software development process and outlining its key activities: specification, development, validation, and evolution. It then examines six common software development life cycle models - waterfall, evolutionary, V-shaped, spiral, agile, and rational unified process. For each model, it provides an overview and diagram of the process, discusses strengths and weaknesses, and compares it with other models. The note aims to educate students on established frameworks for developing software.
This document discusses key concepts for managing software projects and engineering teams. It covers the four elements of projects (people, product, process, project), stakeholders, team structures, communication methods, defining the product scope, decomposing problems, selecting a development process, and practices for successful projects. The overall focus is on planning teams, work, and coordination to deliver quality software on time and on budget.
This document discusses and compares different software lifecycle models: Waterfall, Prototype, Spiral, and Agile. The Waterfall model is sequential with clear phases but inflexible. The Prototype model allows for early feedback but suffers from poor documentation. The Spiral model combines design and prototyping. Finally, the Agile model is iterative and test-driven but may increase complexity.
This document is a magazine from Saint Xavier High School that includes several articles:
1) It discusses a Saint Xavier alumnus who started a company called KOR Water that sells reusable water bottles and has donated over $4 million to water-related nonprofits.
2) It provides details on renovations taking place at the school over the summer to upgrade classrooms.
3) It summarizes the graduation of the Class of 2011, noting academic achievements and scholarships awarded.
4) It recognizes a Saint Xavier alumnus for his volunteer service with the school.
This document discusses Boehm's top 10 principles of conventional software management and important trends in improving software economics. It also covers the three generations of software development (conventional, transition, and modern practices), comparing their characteristics. Finally, it lists and explains 10 principles of conventional software engineering and the top 10 principles of modern software management.
Software organizations that want to maximize the yield of Software Testing find that choosing the right testing strategy is hard, and most testing managers are ill-prepared for this. The organization has to learn how to plan testing efforts based on the characteristics of each project and the many ways the software product is to be used. This tutorial is intended for Software professionals who are likely to be responsible for defining the strategy and planning of the testing effort and managing it through its life cycle. These roles are usually Testing Managers or Project Managers.
OO Development 2 - Software Development MethodologiesRandy Connolly
Course material from my Object-Oriented Development course. This presentation discusses methodologies, development processes, the waterfall model and interative development.
A 1986 movie depicts a young boy competing against experienced riders in a high-stakes BMX trick competition to win it all. Rapid Application Development (RAD) is a software development methodology that emphasizes rapid prototyping and minimal planning in order to create usable systems quickly, often within 60-90 days, though sometimes with compromises to cost, quality or completeness. The document outlines the principles, process, benefits and limitations of the RAD approach.
The systems development life cycle (SDLC), also referred to as the application development life-cycle, is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. @ paghdalyogesh@gmail.com
The document discusses software development life cycles and the classical waterfall model. It describes the phases of the classical waterfall model as feasibility study, requirements analysis and specification, design, coding and unit testing, integration and system testing, and maintenance. It explains that the classical waterfall model divides the life cycle into distinct phases where each phase must be completed before the next one begins. The document provides details about the goals and activities of each phase.
The document discusses the iterative software development process (SDP). It describes the main stages as analysis, design, implementation, testing, documentation, evaluation, and maintenance. At each stage, specific tasks are undertaken, such as creating requirements in analysis, designing algorithms and diagrams in design, coding in implementation, testing in testing, creating user guides in documentation, and fixing bugs in maintenance. People involved include clients, analysts, project managers, and programmers. Documents created include specifications, algorithms, test reports, guides, and evaluation/maintenance reports.
This document discusses different models for embedded systems design and software development lifecycles. It begins by defining embedded systems and noting their wide applications. It then covers several development models including the big-bang model, code-and-fix model, waterfall model, and spiral model. The waterfall model is described as having distinct phases but no feedback, while the spiral model iterates through phases with feedback between cycles. The document discusses risks in software development and notes embedded systems often deal with "wicked problems" that are only fully understood after a solution is implemented. It covers several iterative models like ROPES and Scrum that aim to manage risk through incremental development.
This document summarizes several software development process models. It begins by defining what a software process is - a framework for the activities required to build software. It then discusses evolutionary models like prototyping and the spiral model, which use iterative development and user feedback. Concurrent modeling is presented as allowing activities to occur simultaneously. The Unified Process is described as use case driven and iterative. Other models discussed include component-based development, formal methods, and aspect-oriented development. Personal and team software processes are also summarized, focusing on planning, metrics, and continuous improvement.
The document provides an overview of the Rational Unified Process (RUP). It discusses that the RUP is a software engineering process that guides software development organizations. The RUP is designed and delivered like software, with regular updates. It captures many modern best practices such as iterative development, managing requirements, and continuously verifying quality. The RUP has a defined structure using phases, iterations, and disciplines to group activities. It can also be customized to meet an organization's specific needs.
This document discusses the transition from traditional waterfall software development models to more agile approaches like Scrum and Kanban. It outlines some key limitations of the waterfall model, including unrealistic assumptions about requirements stability and integration challenges. Many software projects adopting waterfall experienced late delivery, changing requirements issues, and customer dissatisfaction. More iterative agile methods like Scrum and Kanban address these issues by emphasizing working software over documentation, incremental delivery, and flexibility. Studies show higher success rates for agile projects compared to waterfall. Large organizations are increasingly adopting agile practices across many teams and projects.
A software process model is an abstract representation of a process that guides the coordination and control of tasks needed to develop software. Common models include waterfall, prototype, rapid application development, evolutionary development, incremental, iterative, spiral, and component-based development. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without iteration. Iterative models allow for incremental development and feedback through multiple iterations. The spiral model combines iterative development with risk analysis through iterations called spirals.
DSDM is a software development methodology based on RAD that emphasizes iterative development, user involvement, and adaptability. It aims to deliver working software frequently within budget and schedule while allowing changing requirements. DSDM was developed in the 1990s in the UK and uses principles like active user involvement, empowered decision-making teams, and reversible changes to facilitate iterative and collaborative development.
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which is a process that consists of detailed planning for developing, maintaining, replacing, and enhancing software within an organization. The SDLC defines a methodology with phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, and testing/maintenance. The planning phase involves feasibility studies and creating a project plan. The analysis phase breaks down requirements and gathers stakeholder needs. The design phase determines if development is internal or outsourced. The implementation phase builds, tests, and trains users on the new software. Testing and maintenance identifies and fixes bugs while accommodating new requirements.
Project management chapter_04 for MSBTEKalyan Ingole
This presentation is about the project management that contains project management spectrum,Risk management,change management,configuration management and clean room strategy
Traditional software development methodologies were not well-suited to frequent changes in requirements. Newer agile methodologies like Agile and XP emphasize adaptability, iterative development, and communication between developers and customers. These methodologies may provide better efficiency and quality outcomes than traditional predictive models. While documentation is still important, agile focuses on executable work products over speculative documentation and emphasizes that documentation should have clear benefits outweighing production costs. Choosing the right methodology requires considering an organization's goals and ability to manage challenges in a dynamic business environment.
This lecture note discusses software development process models. It begins by defining the software development process and outlining its key activities: specification, development, validation, and evolution. It then examines six common software development life cycle models - waterfall, evolutionary, V-shaped, spiral, agile, and rational unified process. For each model, it provides an overview and diagram of the process, discusses strengths and weaknesses, and compares it with other models. The note aims to educate students on established frameworks for developing software.
This document discusses key concepts for managing software projects and engineering teams. It covers the four elements of projects (people, product, process, project), stakeholders, team structures, communication methods, defining the product scope, decomposing problems, selecting a development process, and practices for successful projects. The overall focus is on planning teams, work, and coordination to deliver quality software on time and on budget.
This document discusses and compares different software lifecycle models: Waterfall, Prototype, Spiral, and Agile. The Waterfall model is sequential with clear phases but inflexible. The Prototype model allows for early feedback but suffers from poor documentation. The Spiral model combines design and prototyping. Finally, the Agile model is iterative and test-driven but may increase complexity.
This document is a magazine from Saint Xavier High School that includes several articles:
1) It discusses a Saint Xavier alumnus who started a company called KOR Water that sells reusable water bottles and has donated over $4 million to water-related nonprofits.
2) It provides details on renovations taking place at the school over the summer to upgrade classrooms.
3) It summarizes the graduation of the Class of 2011, noting academic achievements and scholarships awarded.
4) It recognizes a Saint Xavier alumnus for his volunteer service with the school.
This document provides an overview of resume formats and samples for math specialists. It includes summaries and links to 8 types of resumes: chronological, functional, curriculum vitae, combination, targeted, professional, new graduate, and executive resumes. It also provides links to additional resources on resume writing tips, cover letters, interview questions, dress codes, case studies, and more. The document aims to provide comprehensive guidance and materials for math specialists seeking jobs.
This short document promotes the creation of presentations using Haiku Deck, an online presentation tool. It includes two stock photos and text suggesting the reader may be inspired to create their own Haiku Deck presentation. A call to action is given to get started using the tool on SlideShare.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Abhishek Jaiswal is seeking a position as an engineer to utilize his technical sales skills and experience. He has a Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering with over 2 years of work experience in sales roles. His experience includes working as an Area Sales Officer for a steel company and as a Subscription Sales Executive for a property magazine. He is proficient in CAD and 3D modeling software, has strong communication skills, and is looking to apply his engineering and sales backgrounds to a role in automobile manufacturing.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang populasi, sampel, dan pengolahan data dalam statistika dasar. Terdapat penjelasan mengenai definisi populasi dan sampel beserta teknik-teknik pengambilan sampel, serta jenis dan skala data yang dapat digunakan dalam penelitian."
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck, a tool for making slideshows. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation and sharing it on SlideShare. In just one sentence, it pitches the idea of using Haiku Deck to easily create engaging slideshows.
Manon Ossevoort, a Dutch actress, drove a tractor over 2,350 kilometers across Antarctica to reach the South Pole as part of her expedition to fulfill dreams and demonstrate that nothing is impossible. She collected people's dreams along the way to leave in a snowman at the South Pole. Her tractor was equipped with special tires from Trelleborg designed to handle the extreme Antarctic conditions. Trelleborg and Massey Ferguson worked together to prepare the tractor for the challenges of low temperatures, terrain, and high altitudes through testing.
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Open Educational Resources (OER) are educational materials that are in the public domain or licensed to allow free use and repurposing. OER can be in any medium and are available online for use anytime. Anyone can create and share OER, including schools that provide free online courses, and individuals like students who can license their work under Creative Commons. OER can be found on sites like OpenWA.org and Project Gutenberg that provide open textbooks and classic books. The benefits of OER include being accessible worldwide, quickly spreading new projects, decreasing costs for learners, and contributing to lifelong learning. However, verifying that materials are truly open access, keeping OER current, and dealing with poor quality or inaccurate content
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Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
We-Rent-It is a Texas-based company that owns and operates rental, sales, and service locations across the state. They provide equipment rentals, sales, and service. Customers can find location information on their website at www.WE-RENT-IT.com.
The document discusses various software development lifecycle models including:
1. The waterfall model which follows sequential phases from requirements to delivery. It is easy to understand but inflexible.
2. Code-and-fix which starts with informal ideas and code without planning. It is dangerous and only suitable for small proofs of concept.
3. The spiral model which takes an iterative approach including risk analysis and management on each cycle. It accurately reflects iterative development but is complex.
4. Rapid prototyping emphasizes requirements analysis through building prototypes and getting customer feedback in iterations. It reduces risk but requires extensive customer involvement.
5. Agile methods like extreme programming (XP) value individuals, working software
This document provides an overview of software development life cycle (SDLC) models and their comparison. It discusses several SDLC models including waterfall, V-shaped, iterative, prototyping, RAD, spiral and agile. Each model is described in terms of its phases, advantages and disadvantages. The document also presents related work from other scholars and states that while agile was not fully extreme programming, using Scrum principles resulted in return on investment and lower costs. It proposes future work to identify knowledge sharing procedures and user-centered SDLC models that overcome limitations of existing approaches.
Discussion Post 1A software process model is a streamlined port.docxmadlynplamondon
Discussion Post 1:
A software process model is a streamlined portrayal of a product procedure. Each model speaks to a procedure from a particular point of view. The straightforward reason for these methods is to offer an altered programming advancement according to the prerequisites. Now and then they are otherwise called software improvement life cycle (SDLC) approaches. There are different sorts of models:
1. Waterfall model: When we have an organized procedure and when our necessities are clear as in basic frameworks that need itemized, exact, and precise archives to portray the framework to be delivered. It isn't acceptable when prerequisites are not satisfactory and on the off chance that they continually change and not defenseless for client communication. The periods of the cascade model are: Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance.
2. Prototype model: This model is utilized for the advancement of an early example, or the arrival of an item worked to test an idea. This is helpful when prerequisites aren't clear. In spite of the fact that it needs great apparatuses, brisk turn of events, and significant expenses. The periods of a model are: Establish goals, Define model usefulness, Develop the model, Evaluate the model.
3. Incremental and Iterative: They are appropriate for huge tasks and are more affordable to the difference in prerequisites since they bolster client associations with every addition. They don't fit into little ventures or very much organized tasks. The periods of iterative advancement are Inception, Elaboration, Construction, Transition.
4. Spiral: It is useful for highly hazardous or enormous ventures where the necessities are questionable. The venture's prosperity is exceptionally reliant on the hazard examination stage. It doesn't function admirably for littler ventures. Each circle in the winding speaks to a stage. Each circle is part of four areas: Objective setting, Risk appraisal, and decrease, Development, and approval, Planning.
5. Agile: It suits little medium size undertaking, with quick changes in the necessities as a client is included during each stage. Exceptionally constrained arranging is required to begin with the undertaking. There are a few distinctive dexterous techniques accessible, for example, Scrum, Crystal, Agile Modeling (AM), Extreme Programming (XP), and so on.
Discussion Post -2
Rapid Prototyping Model
It follows an iterative model of software development. This model is certainly found to be focusing on implementing the simple and initial phase but finds it difficult and complex when setting the broader feature when it is completed. Reduction of cost and time wastage along with improvement of model user-friendliness serves as its major strengths while inadequate analysis and high cost of prototype implementation give its limitation (Scacchi, W. 2002).
Advantages:
- Absolutely unacceptable for ...
Software development process models
Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model
Evolutionary Process Models
Spiral Model
THE FORMAL METHODS MODEL
Specialized Process Models
The Concurrent Development Model
The document provides information on various software versions used for engineering drawings, documents, technical illustrations, web browsing and document viewing. It lists applications such as AutoCAD, CorelDRAW, Microsoft Office, Netscape Navigator and Acrobat software. It also provides a link for an up-to-date list of software versions.
Process models are not perfect, but provide road map for software engineering work. Software models provide stability, control, and organization to a process that if not managed can easily get out of control
Software process models are adapted to meet the needs of software engineers and managers for a specific project.
The Unified Process (UP) is a popular iterative software development process for building object-oriented systems. It is flexible and incorporates best practices from other agile methods. The UP consists of four phases - Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition. The Inception phase involves establishing an initial vision, scope, and feasibility of the project through analyzing a portion of requirements and risks. A decision is made whether to proceed further with more detailed planning in the Elaboration phase.
- The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is an iterative software development process framework that uses UML. It consists of four main phases - Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition - which iterate over many cycles.
- The phases focus on establishing feasibility, implementing core architecture, adding remaining elements, and deployment/testing. Artifacts like use cases and UML diagrams are produced.
- Agile methods like RUP are iterative, incremental, and emphasize flexibility over heavy documentation. This allows risks to be reduced by revealing problems earlier compared to traditional waterfall models.
Prescriptive process models attempt to organize the software development life cycle by defining activities, their order, and relationships. Early models like code-and-fix lacked predictability and manageability. Newer models strive for structure and order to achieve coordination, while allowing for changes as more is learned. However, relying solely on prescriptive models may be inappropriate given the need for change in software development.
Prescriptive process models attempt to organize the software development life cycle by defining activities, their order, and relationships. Early models like code-and-fix lacked predictability and manageability. Newer models strive for structure and order to achieve coordination, while allowing for changes as feedback is received. However, relying solely on prescriptive models may be inappropriate in a world that demands flexibility and change.
The incremental model is a method of software development that combines elements of the waterfall model with iterative prototyping. It involves developing a software product incrementally until final delivery. The model has five main phases - communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. Each phase builds upon the previous one by adding more features and functionality based on customer feedback. While more flexible than the waterfall model, the incremental model can be challenging to implement due to integration issues between builds and determining the optimal number of builds.
The life cycle model is one of the key concepts of systems engineering (SE). A life cycle for a system generally consists of a series of stages regulated by a set of management decisions which confirm that the system is mature enough to leave one stage and enter another.
This document provides an overview of scrum as an agile framework for IT projects. It first defines what a project is and discusses different software development life cycles (SDLC) models like waterfall, V-shaped, prototyping, spiral, iterative, and agile. It then focuses on agile development, describing the agile manifesto, principles, and iron triangle. Finally, it introduces scrum as a common agile method and notes that scrum will be discussed in more detail in part 2 of the document.
The document discusses various software process life cycle models, including:
- Waterfall model which progresses in linear stages from requirements to maintenance. It values predictability but is inflexible to changes.
- Prototyping model which adds prototyping stages to explore risks before full development.
- V model which mirrors each development phase with a testing phase. It emphasizes verification and validation.
- Iterative and incremental models like RUP which develop software iteratively in phases and increments, releasing early and often. This is more flexible and reduces risks compared to waterfall.
- Agile methods are also iterative and incremental but emphasize lightweight processes, adaptation, and flexibility over heavy documentation.
The
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including waterfall, V-shaped, prototyping, incremental, spiral, rapid application development (RAD), dynamic systems development method (DSDM), adaptive software development, and agile methods. It provides an overview of the key characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and types of projects that each model is best suited for. Tailored SDLC models are recommended to customize processes based on specific project needs and risks.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including waterfall, V-shaped, prototyping, rapid application development (RAD), incremental, spiral, and timeboxing. It provides descriptions of each model including typical steps, strengths, weaknesses, and when each model is best suited. It also discusses capability maturity model (CMM) levels and how changing the lifecycle model can impact development speed, quality, visibility, overhead, risk, and customer relations.
The document provides an overview of the waterfall model and agile methodologies for software development projects. It discusses:
- The linear sequential phases of the waterfall model and when it is suitable.
- Issues with the waterfall model like inability to handle changes and lack of testing throughout.
- Benefits of agile like ability to adapt to changes, early delivery of working software, and improved success rates.
- Key aspects of the Scrum agile framework like sprints, daily stand-ups, and product backlogs.
- Differences in how development costs are treated as capital expenditures or operating expenses between waterfall, agile, and cloud-based models.
The document discusses various software process models. It begins by defining a software process as a structured set of activities needed to develop software. It then describes key attributes of a software process like understandability, visibility, and supportability. The document outlines common software process activities like requirements engineering, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. It also discusses different software process models like waterfall, prototyping, iterative waterfall, incremental, and spiral. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance while prototyping and incremental models involve iterative development of prototypes or increments to refine requirements.
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1. 6. Software Lifecycle
Models
A software lifecycle model is a standardised
format for
planning
organising, and
running
a new development project.
2. Hundreds of different kinds of models are
known and used.
Many are minor variations on just a small
number of basic models. In this section we:
survey the main types of model, and
consider how to choose between them.
3. 6.1. Planning with Models
SE projects usually live with a fixed financial
budget. (An exception is maintainance?)
Additionally, time-to-market places a strong
time constraint.
There will be other project constraints such
as staff.
5. Project planning is the art of scheduling the
necessary activities, in time, space and across
staff in order to optimise:
project risk [low] (see later)
profit [high]
customer satisfaction [high]
worker satisfaction [high]
long-term company goals
6. Questions:
1. What are these necessary activities?
(besides programming)
2. Are there good patterns of organisation
that we could copy?
7. A project plan contains much information,
but must at least describe:
resources needed
(people, money, equipment, etc)
dependency & timing of work
(flow graph, work packages)
rate of delivery (reports, code, etc)
It is impossible to measure rate of progress
except with reference to a plan.
8. In addition to project members, the following
may need access to parts of the project plan:
Management,
Customers
Subcontractors
Suppliers
Investors
Banks
9. 6.2. Project Visibility
Unlike other engineers
(e.g. civil, electronic, chemical … etc.)
software engineers do not produce anything
physical.
It is inherently difficult to monitor an SE
project due to lack of visibility.
10. This means that SE projects must produce
additional deliverables (artifacts)
which are visible, such as:
Design documents/ prototypes
Reports
Project/status meetings
Client surveys (e.g. satisfaction level)
11. 6.3. What is a Lifecycle
Model?
Definition.
A (software/system) lifecycle model is a
description of the sequence of activities
carried out in an SE project, and the relative
order of these activities.
12. It provides a fixed generic framework that
can be tailored to a specific project.
Project specific parameters will include:
Size, (person-years)
Budget,
Duration.
project plan =
lifecycle model + project parameters
13. There are hundreds of different lifecycle
models
to choose from, e.g:
waterfall,
code-and-fix
spiral
rapid prototyping
unified process (UP)
agile methods, extreme programming (XP)
COTS …
but many are minor variations on a smaller
number of basic models.
14. By changing the lifecycle model, we can
improve and/or tradeoff:
Development speed (time to market)
Product quality
Project visibility
Administrative overhead
Risk exposure
Customer relations, etc, etc.
15. Normally, a lifecycle model covers the entire
lifetime of a product.
From birth of a commercial idea
to final de-installation of last release
i.e. The three main phases:
design,
build,
maintain.
16. Note that we can sometimes combine
lifecycle models,
e.g. waterfall inside evolutionary – onboard shuttle software
We can also change lifecycle model between
releases as a product matures,
e.g. rapid prototyping → waterfall
17. 6.4. The Waterfall Model
• The waterfall model is the classic lifecycle
model – it is widely known, understood
and (commonly?) used.
• In some respect, waterfall is the ”common
sense” approach.
• Introduced by Royce 1970.
18. User Requirements
Software Requirements
Architecture Design
Detailed design & Coding
Testing
Delivery
The Waterfall
Lifecycle Workflow
Time
User Requirements Document
Software Requirements
Document
Architectural Design
Document
Detailed
Design
& Code
phase
output
”Swimming
upstream”
19. Advantages
1. Easy to understand and implement.
2. Widely used and known (in theory!)
3. Reinforces good habits: define-before-
design, design-before-code
4. Identifies deliverables and milestones
5. Document driven, URD, SRD, … etc.
Published documentation standards, e.g.
PSS-05.
6. Works well on mature products and weak
teams.
20. Disadvantages I
1. Idealised, doesn’t match reality well.
2. Doesn’t reflect iterative nature of exploratory
development.
3. Unrealistic to expect accurate requirements so
early in project
4. Software is delivered late in project, delays
discovery of serious errors.
21. Disadvantages II
5. Difficult to integrate risk management
6. Difficult and expensive to make changes
to documents, ”swimming upstream”.
7. Significant administrative overhead,
costly for small teams and projects.
22. 6.5. Code-and-Fix
This model starts with an informal general
product idea and just develops code until a
product is ”ready” (or money or time runs
out). Work is in random order.
Corresponds with no plan! (Hacking!)
23. Advantages
1. No administrative overhead
2. Signs of progress (code) early.
3. Low expertise, anyone can use it!
4. Useful for small “proof of concept” projects, e.g.
as part of risk reduction.
24. Disadvantages
1. Dangerous!
1. No visibility/control
2. No resource planning
3. No deadlines
4. Mistakes hard to detect/correct
2. Impossible for large projects,
communication breakdown, chaos.
25. 6.6. Spiral Model
Since end-user requirements are hard to
obtain/define, it is natural to develop software
in an experimental way: e.g.
1. Build some software
2. See if it meets customer requirements
3. If no goto 1 else stop.
26. This loop approach gives rise to structured
iterative lifecycle models.
In 1988 Boehm developed the spiral model as
an iterative model which includes risk
analysis and risk management.
Key idea: on each iteration identify and solve
the sub-problems with the highest risk.
27. Cumulative cost
Evaluate alternatives,
Identify & resolve risks
Develop & verify
next-level product
Plan next phase
Determine objectives,
alternatives & constraints
Review &
commitment
Prototypes
P1 P2 P3
Operational
PrototypeStart
End
Requirements
plan
Development
plan
Integration &
Test plan
Requirements
validation
Design,
Validation
& Verification
Detailed design
Coding
Unit & Integration
Testing
Acceptance
Testing
Concept
Of Operation
28. Each cycle follows a waterfall model by:
1. Determining objectives
2. Specifying constraints
3. Generating alternatives
4. Identifying risks
5. Resolving risks
6. Developing next-level product
7. Planning next cycle
29. Advantages
1. Realism: the model accurately reflects the
iterative nature of software development on
projects with unclear requirements
2. Flexible: incoporates the advantages of the
waterfal and rapid prototyping methods
3. Comprehensive model decreases risk
4. Good project visibility.
30. Disadvantages
Needs technical expertise in risk analysis to really
work
Model is poorly understood by non-technical
management, hence not so widely used
Complicated model, needs competent
professional management. High administrative
overhead.
31. 6.7. Rapid Prototyping
Key idea: Customers are non-technical and
usually don’t know what they want/can have.
Rapid prototyping emphasises requirements
analysis and validation, also called:
customer oriented development,
evolutionary prototyping
33. Advantages
1. Reduces risk of incorrect user requirements
2. Good where requirements are changing/uncommitted
3. Regular visible progress aids management
4. Supports early product marketing
34. Disadvantages I
1. An unstable/badly implemented prototype often
becomes the final product.
2. Requires extensive customer collaboration
Costs customers money
Needs committed customers
Difficult to finish if customer withdraws
May be too customer specific, no broad market
35. Disadvantages II
3. Difficult to know how long project will last
4. Easy to fall back into code-and-fix without
proper requirements analysis, design, customer
evaluation and feedback.
36. 6.8. Agile (XP) Manifesto
XP = Extreme Programming emphasises:
Individuals and interactions
Over processes and tools
Working software
Over documentation
Customer collaboration
Over contract negotiation
Responding to change
Over following a plan
37. 6.8.1. Agile Principles
(Summary)
Continuous delivery of software
Continuous collaboration with customer
Continuous update according to changes
Value participants and their interaction
Simplicity in code, satisfy the spec
38. 6.9. XP Practices
(Summary)
Programming in pairs
Test driven development
Continuous planning, change , delivery
Shared project metaphors, coding standards and
ownership of code
No overtime! (Yeah right!)
39. Advantages
Lightweight methods suit small-medium size
projects
Produces good team cohesion
Emphasises final product
Iterative
Test based approach to requirements and quality
assurance
40. Disadvantages
Difficult to scale up to large projects where
documentation is essential
Needs experience and skill if not to degenerate
into code-and-fix
Programming pairs is costly
Test case construction is a difficult and
specialised skill.
41. 6.10. Unified Process (UP)
Booch, Jacobson, Rumbaugh 1999.
Lifetime of a software product in cycles:
Birth, childhood, adulthood, old-age, death.
Product maturity stages
Each cycle has phases, culiminating in a new
release (c.f. Spiral model)
43. Inception – identify core use cases, and use to make
architecture and design tradeoffs. Estimate and schedule
project from derived knowledge.
Elaboration – capture detailed user requirements. Make
detailed design, decide on build vs. buy.
Construction – components are bought or built, and
integrated.
Transition – release a mature version that satisfies
acceptance criteria.
45. Use Case Model
Analysis Model
Design Model
Deployment Model
Implementation Model
Test Model
specified by
realised by
deployed by implemented by
verified by
All models are interdepedent
but this only shown for use
case model
UML class diagram!
46. 6.11. COTS
COTS =
Commercial Off-The-Shelf software
Engineer together a solution from existing
commercial software packages using minimal
software ”glue”.
E.g. using databases, spread sheets, word
proccessors, graphics software, web browsers,
etc.
47. Advantages
Fast, cheap solution
May give all the basic functionality
Well defined project, easy to run
Disadvantages
Limited functionality
Licensing problems, freeware, shareware, etc.
License fees, maintainance fees, upgrade
compatibility problems