The document discusses various software development lifecycle models including: 1. The waterfall model which follows sequential phases from requirements to delivery. It is easy to understand but inflexible. 2. Code-and-fix which starts with informal ideas and code without planning. It is dangerous and only suitable for small proofs of concept. 3. The spiral model which takes an iterative approach including risk analysis and management on each cycle. It accurately reflects iterative development but is complex. 4. Rapid prototyping emphasizes requirements analysis through building prototypes and getting customer feedback in iterations. It reduces risk but requires extensive customer involvement. 5. Agile methods like extreme programming (XP) value individuals, working software

4. Project constraints money time Computing resources staff programmers managers designers Examples of Project Constraints

18. User Requirements Software Requirements Architecture Design Detailed design & Coding Testing Delivery The Waterfall Lifecycle Workflow Time User Requirements Document Software Requirements Document Architectural Design Document Detailed Design & Code phase output ” Swimming upstream”

27. Cumulative cost Evaluate alternatives, Identify & resolve risks Develop & verify next-level product Plan next phase Determine objectives, alternatives & constraints Review & commitment Prototypes P1 P2 P3 Operational Prototype Start End Requirements plan Development plan Integration & Test plan Requirements validation Design, Validation & Verification Detailed design Coding Unit & Integration Testing Acceptance Testing Concept Of Operation

32. Requirements Capture Quick Design Build Prototype Customer Evaluation of Prototype Engineer Final Product The Rapid Prototype Workflow Iterate

42. Inception Elaboration Construction Transition UP Lifecycle – single phase workflow (drawn as a UML Statechart!)

44. Unified Process Software Lifecycle Cycle Phase Iteration Artifact Workflow Management Environment Requirements Design Implementation Assessment Deployment * * Inception Elaboration Construction Transition * * 4 Product releases

45. Use Case Model Analysis Model Design Model Deployment Model Implementation Model Test Model specified by realised by deployed by implemented by verified by All models are interdepedent but this only shown for use case model UML class diagram!