The document discusses software architecture and development. It covers various programming languages and frameworks, how applications are built from code, data, and interfaces, and factors like performance, scalability, and costs that must be considered. Examples are given around system calls and development time for simple programs in different languages.

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2. SOFTWARE
and the Taste of Mayo
Marco Tabini
php|architect
marcot@tabini.ca
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3. Marco Tabini
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4. Marco Tabini
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5. Marco Tabini
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6. Marco Tabini
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7. Marco Tabini
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8. Marco Tabini
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9. Marco Tabini
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10. Marco Tabini
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11. 2

12. What is Mayo?
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13. 3

14. 3

15. 4

16. 4

17. 4

18. 5

19. 5

20. 5

21. 5

22. WTF????
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23. 6

24. 6

25. Where did they get this guy?
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26. What does this have to do with
SOFTWARE???
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27. 9

28. CODE
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29. CODE
+
DATA
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30. CODE
+
DATA
+
INTERFACE
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31. CODE
+
DATA
+
INTERFACE
=
APP
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32. CODE
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33. CODE
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34. CODE
HARDWARE
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35. CODE
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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36. CODE
O/S
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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37. CODE
WEB O/S
SERVER
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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38. CODE
PHP
WEB O/S
SERVER
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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39. CODE
FRAMEWORK
WEBPHP
SERVER
O/S
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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40. CODE
YOUR CODE
FRAMEWORK
PHP
WEB SERVER
O/S
FIRMWARE
HARDWARE
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41. 11

42. Hello, World!
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43. Hello, World!
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44. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
C 46
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362
PHP (Apache) 881
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45. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
C 46
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362
PHP (Apache) 881
11

46. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
C 46
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362
PHP (Apache) 881
11

47. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
C 46
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362
PHP (Apache) 881
11

48. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
C 46
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362
PHP (Apache) 881
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49. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
Once
C 47
Language
C
System Calls
46 Shell (TCSH) 146
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881
PHP (Apache) 887
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50. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
Once
C 47
Language
C
System Calls
46 Shell (TCSH) 146
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881
PHP (Apache) 887
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51. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
Once
C 47
Language
C
System Calls
46 Shell (TCSH) 146
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881
PHP (Apache) 887
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52. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
Once
C 47
Language
C
System Calls
46 Shell (TCSH) 146
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881
PHP (Apache) 887
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53. Hello, World!
Language System Calls
Once
C 47
Language
C
System Calls
46 Shell (TCSH) 146
Shell (TCSH) 37
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881
PHP (Apache) 887
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54. Hello, World!
Once Twice
Language System Calls Language System Calls
C 46 C 47
Shell (TCSH) 37 Shell (TCSH) 146
PHP (CLI) 362 PHP (CLI) 368
PHP (Apache) 881 PHP (Apache) 887
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55. 12

56. Language Time
C 2.5hrs
Erlang 1.8hrs
PHP (CLI) N/A*
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57. Language Time
C 2.5hrs
Erlang 1.8hrs
PHP (CLI) N/A*
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58. Language Time
C 2.5hrs
Erlang 1.8hrs
PHP (CLI) N/A*
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59. Language Time
C 2.5hrs
Erlang 1.8hrs
PHP (CLI) N/A*
* Sorry, had to catch flight to Amsterdam
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60. Ease of use Performance
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61. Ease of use Performance
ASM C PHP Rails
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62. Ease of use Performance
ASM C PHP Rails
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63. Ease of use Performance
ASM C PHP Rails
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64. Ease of use Performance
ASM C PHP Rails
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65. Ease of use Performance
ASM C PHP Rails
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66. Single or double quotes?
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67. Single or double quotes?
vs.
file_get_contents(‘3gb_file.txt’)
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68. for? foreach? while?
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69. for? foreach? while?
vs.
select * from
gigantic_unindexed_table
inner join
world_population_database
inner join
i_should_be_growing_plants_instead_of_coding
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70. CODE
SCALABILITY
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71. INFRA CODE DATA
STRUCTURE SCALABILITY SCALABILITY
COST
SOURCE IT
OF
PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATION
OWNERSHIP
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72. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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73. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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74. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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75. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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76. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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77. Profit Density
(Profit / Pages)
Revenue Density Page Impressions
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78. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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79. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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80. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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81. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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82. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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83. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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84. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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85. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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86. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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87. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
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88. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
FAIL!
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89. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
Bad Good
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90. Cost Density
(Cost / Pages)
Bad Good
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91. Cost Density Problems
• Wrong scalability strategy
Database • Wrong database type
• Wrong database use
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92. Cost Density Problems
• Architecture not scalable
• No use of parallelization
• No use of queuing
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93. Solving your infrastructure
problems
(let someone else deal with them)
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94. Example: AWS
• 300,000 page impressions / mo.
• Avg. 100kiB / page (== 30 GB / mo), 30GB Data
• 20 queries per page, 20msec / query
• 30 objects per page ( == 9,000,000 GET reqs/month)
• 100 reqs/server/sec ( == 259,000,000 reqs/server/month)
• 2 servers
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95. Example: AWS
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96. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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97. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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98. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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99. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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100. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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101. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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102. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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103. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 4.5
Data Transfer S3 30
Data Requests S3 1
DB Storage SimpleDB 45
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 55
Server Usage EC2 144
TOTALS 279.5
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104. $280 / month
= $0.09 CPM
3,000,000 pages / month (0.9% @ $10 RPM)
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105. Example: AWS
• 300,000,000 page impressions
• Avg. 100kiB / page (== 30 TB / mo), 1TB Data
• 20 queries per page, 20msec / query
• 30 objects per page ( == 9,000,000,000 GET reqs/month)
• 100 reqs/server/sec ( == 259,000,000 reqs/server/month)
• 35 servers
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106. Example: AWS
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107. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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108. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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109. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
28

110. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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111. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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112. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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113. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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114. Example: AWS
Item Service Cost/mo
Storage S3 150
Data Transfer S3 4,300
Data Requests S3 9,000
DB Storage SimpleDB 1,500
DB CPU Usage SimpleDB 3,800
Server Usage EC2 2,500
TOTALS 21,250
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115. $21,250 / month
= $0.08 CPM
300,000,000 / month (0.8% @ $10 RPM)
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116. Them
You
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117. Design
Choose
Scale
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118. Design THINK BIG—ITS CHEAP!
Choose
Scale
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119. Design THINK BIG—ITS CHEAP!
Choose THE RIGHT TOOLS
Scale
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120. Design THINK BIG—ITS CHEAP!
Choose THE RIGHT TOOLS
Scale EVERYTHING, ALWAYS
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121. Questions? Agree? Disagree? Want to rant?
marcot@tabini.ca
http://mtabini.blogspot.com
http://mtabini.com/twitter
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