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The document discusses marriage, cohabitation, and divorce trends in the UK. It notes that marriage rates have declined from 459,000 in 1971 to 350,000 in 1991, while divorce rates more than doubled in that period. Alternatives to marriage like cohabitation and single-person households have risen. Threats to marriage come from these alternatives and from marital breakdown through divorce, separation, or empty shell marriages. Reasons proposed for rising divorce include expecting more from marriage, increased conflict between spouses, emphasis on individual freedom and choice, and divorce being less stigmatized and easier to obtain legally.
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SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
This document discusses changing family patterns in the UK, specifically increasing divorce rates. It provides statistics showing that divorce has increased dramatically since the 1960s. It examines several explanations for this change, including changes in divorce laws that made divorce easier and more accessible, declining social stigma around divorce, secularization reducing the influence of religion, rising expectations of marriage being based on love and personal fulfillment, and improvements in women's social and economic position reducing their dependence on husbands. Feminist perspectives are discussed that argue women seek divorce more due to patriarchal oppression within marriage. Sociologists disagree on whether high divorce rates undermine the traditional family or increase individual freedom and diversity in family forms.
Divorce
This document summarizes changes to divorce law in the UK over time that have made it easier for couples to divorce. It discusses how the 1969 Divorce Law Reform Act introduced the concept of "irretrievable breakdown" as grounds for divorce. Subsequent laws further reduced the minimum time required to file for divorce. It also examines societal factors that have contributed to rising divorce rates like increasing secularization, women's independence, longer lifespans, and higher expectations of marriage centered around romance rather than security. However, it notes that remarriage and cohabitation are still common, and most children still experience nuclear families.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Changing family patterns in recent decades include fewer marriages, more cohabitation and divorces, and same-sex couples being more open. People are delaying marriage to pursue careers and education, and there are more re-marriages due to higher divorce rates. Cohabitation without marriage has increased significantly as it is now more socially acceptable, and women have more financial independence. Same-sex relationships and one-person households have also grown due to greater social acceptance of alternative lifestyles and living arrangements.
Changing family patterns
The document discusses trends in marriage, divorce, and cohabitation in Britain. It notes that marriage rates have declined since 1961 while divorce rates have increased, almost doubling in the 1970s. Britain now has one of the highest divorce rates in Europe. Around 40% of new marriages are likely to end in divorce. The document goes on to discuss factors that may have contributed to these trends, such as changes in divorce laws, declining stigma around divorce, rising expectations of marriage, and changes to women's roles.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses changes that have occurred to families in recent decades, including increases in divorce rates, cohabitation, and births outside of marriage. This has contributed to greater family diversity with more lone-parent families, stepfamilies, and people living alone or without children. Reasons proposed for these changes include developments like the legalization and destigmatization of divorce, women's rising economic independence, and declining religious influence in society.
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This document contains the answers and discussion from 7 rounds of questions on topics related to modern family structures in Western societies. Key points include:
- The percentage of children born outside marriage has increased from 8-9% in the 1970s to over 40% today, due to factors like rising cohabitation, declining stigma around non-marital relationships, and secularization.
- The average age of women having their first child has risen from 24 years old in 1971 to 27.3 years old in 2005. This is largely due to women prioritizing careers over early motherhood.
- Family sizes have decreased from over 6 children per family in the 1870s to just over 1 child per family today,
Divorce Sociology
1) The divorce rate in the United States is the highest in the world, nearly twice as high as Canada and four times higher than Japan. 2) Factors that contribute to the high divorce rate include an emphasis on individualism over family, declining romantic love after the honeymoon phase ends, greater financial independence for women, stress from dual-career families, and easier legal access to divorce. 3) Those at greatest risk of divorce include young couples, couples with brief courtships, couples lacking financial stability, and couples where one or both partners have substance abuse problems.
1 Families Timeline: 1950s to Pesent Day
The document traces changes in families and households in Britain from the 1950s to the present. In the 1950s, most families were traditional nuclear families with clear gender roles and low divorce rates. During the 1960s and 1970s, divorce laws were liberalized and women's roles changed as the Women's Movement advocated for equal rights. Subsequent decades saw rising ethnic diversity, increasing acceptance of diverse family forms like cohabitation and single-parent families, and developments like civil partnerships and assisted reproductive technology that further expanded family possibilities.
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SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
This document discusses changing family patterns in the UK, specifically increasing divorce rates. It provides statistics showing that divorce has increased dramatically since the 1960s. It examines several explanations for this change, including changes in divorce laws that made divorce easier and more accessible, declining social stigma around divorce, secularization reducing the influence of religion, rising expectations of marriage being based on love and personal fulfillment, and improvements in women's social and economic position reducing their dependence on husbands. Feminist perspectives are discussed that argue women seek divorce more due to patriarchal oppression within marriage. Sociologists disagree on whether high divorce rates undermine the traditional family or increase individual freedom and diversity in family forms.
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This document summarizes changes to divorce law in the UK over time that have made it easier for couples to divorce. It discusses how the 1969 Divorce Law Reform Act introduced the concept of "irretrievable breakdown" as grounds for divorce. Subsequent laws further reduced the minimum time required to file for divorce. It also examines societal factors that have contributed to rising divorce rates like increasing secularization, women's independence, longer lifespans, and higher expectations of marriage centered around romance rather than security. However, it notes that remarriage and cohabitation are still common, and most children still experience nuclear families.
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Changing family patterns in recent decades include fewer marriages, more cohabitation and divorces, and same-sex couples being more open. People are delaying marriage to pursue careers and education, and there are more re-marriages due to higher divorce rates. Cohabitation without marriage has increased significantly as it is now more socially acceptable, and women have more financial independence. Same-sex relationships and one-person households have also grown due to greater social acceptance of alternative lifestyles and living arrangements.
Changing family patterns
The document discusses trends in marriage, divorce, and cohabitation in Britain. It notes that marriage rates have declined since 1961 while divorce rates have increased, almost doubling in the 1970s. Britain now has one of the highest divorce rates in Europe. Around 40% of new marriages are likely to end in divorce. The document goes on to discuss factors that may have contributed to these trends, such as changes in divorce laws, declining stigma around divorce, rising expectations of marriage, and changes to women's roles.
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The document discusses changes that have occurred to families in recent decades, including increases in divorce rates, cohabitation, and births outside of marriage. This has contributed to greater family diversity with more lone-parent families, stepfamilies, and people living alone or without children. Reasons proposed for these changes include developments like the legalization and destigmatization of divorce, women's rising economic independence, and declining religious influence in society.
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This document contains the answers and discussion from 7 rounds of questions on topics related to modern family structures in Western societies. Key points include:
- The percentage of children born outside marriage has increased from 8-9% in the 1970s to over 40% today, due to factors like rising cohabitation, declining stigma around non-marital relationships, and secularization.
- The average age of women having their first child has risen from 24 years old in 1971 to 27.3 years old in 2005. This is largely due to women prioritizing careers over early motherhood.
- Family sizes have decreased from over 6 children per family in the 1870s to just over 1 child per family today,
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1) The divorce rate in the United States is the highest in the world, nearly twice as high as Canada and four times higher than Japan. 2) Factors that contribute to the high divorce rate include an emphasis on individualism over family, declining romantic love after the honeymoon phase ends, greater financial independence for women, stress from dual-career families, and easier legal access to divorce. 3) Those at greatest risk of divorce include young couples, couples with brief courtships, couples lacking financial stability, and couples where one or both partners have substance abuse problems.
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The document traces changes in families and households in Britain from the 1950s to the present. In the 1950s, most families were traditional nuclear families with clear gender roles and low divorce rates. During the 1960s and 1970s, divorce laws were liberalized and women's roles changed as the Women's Movement advocated for equal rights. Subsequent decades saw rising ethnic diversity, increasing acceptance of diverse family forms like cohabitation and single-parent families, and developments like civil partnerships and assisted reproductive technology that further expanded family possibilities.
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Divorce has become more common in modern society due to rapid social changes and pressure on young people to marry before they are ready. This can lead to unrealistic expectations and lack of preparation. Divorce has negative effects on children, women, and men. Children of divorced parents often face social and emotional problems. Divorced women struggle financially and with childcare. Men also encounter financial difficulties and problems maintaining relationships with their children after a divorce.
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The divorce rate in Britain increased dramatically in the latter half of the 20th century. The number of divorces rose from 27,000 in 1961 to around 167,000 by 2005. About 40% of new marriages today are likely to end in divorce. This rising divorce rate can be attributed to two broad reasons: changes in laws that made divorce easier and cheaper to obtain, and changes in society that made divorce a more acceptable way to end unhappy marriages.
Divorce 1
The document discusses the causes and effects of divorce. It notes that the most common cause is selfishness, and other factors include changing values, abuse, or substance abuse. Divorce hurts those getting divorced and those around them, like children. Children may feel rejected and alone after divorce. While some divorces relieve family stress, others devastate the family. The document provides tips for helping children adjust, such as decreasing conflict, maintaining relationships with parents, and consistent visitation with non-custodial parents.
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DIVORCE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM
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When a married couple can not live together comfortably the dissolution of marriage is called ‘divorce’.
Divorce ratio is higher today then compared to rates just 15 years ago: The causes of divorce vary from couple to couple but the research done on the causes of divorce by different researchers shows that
1) Lack of communication: is one of the leading causes of divorce. The divorces often happen when people rarely discuss their expectations in details and are less willing to work on their marriages and would like quick solution rather than having to resolve issues.
2) People who come from divorced homes are more likely to get divorced than people who come from happily married household. divorce seem less like a big deal if one has seen his parents go through with it:
3) People who get married between the ages of 23-27 are likely to stay together, than people who get married in their teens:
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2. Societal values have shifted to embrace ideas of equality, fairness, and individualism rather than traditional patriarchal family structures where gender roles were more rigid.
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The document discusses the effects of parental divorce on young adults' intimate relationships based on past research. It finds that while parental divorce can create difficulties, having a secure attachment to at least one parental figure and the ability to integrate the divorce experience are correlated with better outcomes in future relationships for children. The document also discusses implications for counseling couples dealing with relationship and marital issues.
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1) Organizational diversity refers to differences in family roles and structures such as joint or segregated wage earning.
2) Cultural diversity accounts for differences between ethnic and religious groups' family structures.
3) Social class diversity influences family structure and child-rearing based on income differences.
4) Life-stage diversity means family structure depends on people's stages in the life cycle such as with newlyweds or retired couples.
5) Generational diversity exists as attitudes change over time between older and younger generations regarding issues like divorce and homosexuality.
Divorce Problem Solution - Marriage Problem Solution
Divorce though it is legally accepted in our country but married couples are misusing it by making it the primary way to solve the queries. The divorce should be erased at once since it results in a number of problems. So avoid divorce.
Reasons for divorce information sheet
Changes in divorce law since 1949 have made divorce easier, quicker, and cheaper to obtain. The declining stigma around divorce and changing social attitudes toward marriage have contributed to rising divorce rates. Secularization and declining religious influence in society have reduced the view of marriage as a sacred, lifelong commitment. Rising expectations of marriage and unrealistic ideals promoted in media have led to more divorces when marriages do not meet high expectations. Greater independence and empowerment of women through paid work and women's rights movements have enabled more women to initiate divorces from unsatisfying marriages.
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This document discusses the effects that parental divorce can have on children's future relationships. It notes that children of divorced parents are more likely to get divorced themselves and have difficulties with trust and commitment in relationships. However, it also mentions some factors that can mitigate these effects, such as the parents maintaining civility and cooperation, and notes that divorce effects on children are more mild today than in the past. The document explores these topics through personal anecdotes and references to academic studies and articles.
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The document outlines the top reasons for divorce which include financial problems due to money constraints splitting families apart, infidelity where taking affairs lightly leads to the ultimate breakup, lack of communication causing couples to drift as they do not share feelings, abuse from physical or mental harm preventing long partnerships, prioritizing careers over marriage making it difficult for spouses to stay together, and providing contact information for affordable divorce lawyers.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Here are some potential positive and negative consequences of divorce for each group:
For the husband and wife:
Positive: Opportunity for personal growth and happiness in a new relationship.
Negative: Financial difficulties from single parenthood or splitting assets. Emotional distress.
For the family:
Positive: Conflict may be reduced.
Negative: Loss of the traditional family structure, less contact with extended family. Financial difficulties.
For the children:
Positive: Grow up in a happier environment without parental conflict.
Negative: Stress and insecurity from family breakdown. May feel torn between parents. Adjustment to new living situations.
Divorce and Sociology
This document discusses transitions in American families and the high divorce rate in the United States. It notes that approximately 45% of American marriages end in divorce, which is higher than other countries. Risk factors for divorce are identified as being young, having a brief courtship, financial instability, unexpected pregnancy, substance abuse, having divorced parents, lack of religiosity, both partners having successful careers, and not yet having children. Most who divorce remarry within 5 years, creating more blended families. Cohabitation and singlehood are also on the rise in the US.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
While changes in divorce law over the 20th century made divorce easier, quicker and cheaper, they are not considered the main cause of rising divorce rates in the UK. Other significant factors included changing social attitudes, improved contraception, declining importance of religion, and most importantly, women's increasing financial independence. Women gaining the ability to support themselves through employment and welfare benefits is seen as the overriding reason divorce became a realistic option for many.
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Divorce has become more common in modern society due to rapid social changes and pressure on young people to marry before they are ready. This can lead to unrealistic expectations and lack of preparation. Divorce has negative effects on children, women, and men. Children of divorced parents often face social and emotional problems. Divorced women struggle financially and with childcare. Men also encounter financial difficulties and problems maintaining relationships with their children after a divorce.
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The divorce rate in Britain increased dramatically in the latter half of the 20th century. The number of divorces rose from 27,000 in 1961 to around 167,000 by 2005. About 40% of new marriages today are likely to end in divorce. This rising divorce rate can be attributed to two broad reasons: changes in laws that made divorce easier and cheaper to obtain, and changes in society that made divorce a more acceptable way to end unhappy marriages.
Divorce 1
The document discusses the causes and effects of divorce. It notes that the most common cause is selfishness, and other factors include changing values, abuse, or substance abuse. Divorce hurts those getting divorced and those around them, like children. Children may feel rejected and alone after divorce. While some divorces relieve family stress, others devastate the family. The document provides tips for helping children adjust, such as decreasing conflict, maintaining relationships with parents, and consistent visitation with non-custodial parents.
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Over the past 30 years, there has been a significant increase in lone-parent families in the UK. Children living with just their mother has risen from 6% to 21%, while those living with just their father has increased from 1% to 2%. This is due to higher rates of divorce and children being born outside of marriage. Some argue that lone-parent families can increase crime and housing costs. However, evidence suggests children from these families are no more likely to commit crimes. The experience of being a lone parent can vary greatly depending on one's class, age, gender, and ethnicity.
DIVORCE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM
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When a married couple can not live together comfortably the dissolution of marriage is called ‘divorce’.
Divorce ratio is higher today then compared to rates just 15 years ago: The causes of divorce vary from couple to couple but the research done on the causes of divorce by different researchers shows that
1) Lack of communication: is one of the leading causes of divorce. The divorces often happen when people rarely discuss their expectations in details and are less willing to work on their marriages and would like quick solution rather than having to resolve issues.
2) People who come from divorced homes are more likely to get divorced than people who come from happily married household. divorce seem less like a big deal if one has seen his parents go through with it:
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Here are three potential reasons for greater gender equality in the family and society:
1. The women's liberation movement and rise of feminism has advocated for and achieved greater legal and social rights for women, such as in areas of employment, education, and family roles.
2. Societal values have shifted to embrace ideas of equality, fairness, and individualism rather than traditional patriarchal family structures where gender roles were more rigid.
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The document is a survey report on the causes of divorce in Pakistan. It analyzes survey data from 70 respondents using univariate and bivariate analyses in SPSS. The univariate analysis finds that most respondents were aged 15-25 years old, male, single, and agreed that early marriage, clashes between families, joint families, misunderstandings are causes of divorce. The bivariate analysis finds associations between respondent age and marital status and between age and misunderstandings being a cause. The conclusion is that 89% of respondents agreed with the identified major causes of divorce in Pakistan.
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The document discusses some of the common reasons for divorce, including adultery, desertion, lack of communication, personal differences, influence of family and friends, work conflicts, and financial issues. It provides brief explanations and examples for each reason, noting that divorce can stem from complex underlying factors. Trust issues from adultery, irreconcilable differences from lack of compromise on personalities or lifestyles, and stress from money problems are given as examples of how these reasons can ultimately lead to the breakdown of a marriage.
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The document outlines 5 types of family diversity identified by Rhona and Robert Rapoport:
1) Organizational diversity refers to differences in family roles and structures such as joint or segregated wage earning.
2) Cultural diversity accounts for differences between ethnic and religious groups' family structures.
3) Social class diversity influences family structure and child-rearing based on income differences.
4) Life-stage diversity means family structure depends on people's stages in the life cycle such as with newlyweds or retired couples.
5) Generational diversity exists as attitudes change over time between older and younger generations regarding issues like divorce and homosexuality.
Divorce Problem Solution - Marriage Problem Solution
Divorce though it is legally accepted in our country but married couples are misusing it by making it the primary way to solve the queries. The divorce should be erased at once since it results in a number of problems. So avoid divorce.
Reasons for divorce information sheet
Changes in divorce law since 1949 have made divorce easier, quicker, and cheaper to obtain. The declining stigma around divorce and changing social attitudes toward marriage have contributed to rising divorce rates. Secularization and declining religious influence in society have reduced the view of marriage as a sacred, lifelong commitment. Rising expectations of marriage and unrealistic ideals promoted in media have led to more divorces when marriages do not meet high expectations. Greater independence and empowerment of women through paid work and women's rights movements have enabled more women to initiate divorces from unsatisfying marriages.
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This document discusses the effects that parental divorce can have on children's future relationships. It notes that children of divorced parents are more likely to get divorced themselves and have difficulties with trust and commitment in relationships. However, it also mentions some factors that can mitigate these effects, such as the parents maintaining civility and cooperation, and notes that divorce effects on children are more mild today than in the past. The document explores these topics through personal anecdotes and references to academic studies and articles.
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The document outlines the top reasons for divorce which include financial problems due to money constraints splitting families apart, infidelity where taking affairs lightly leads to the ultimate breakup, lack of communication causing couples to drift as they do not share feelings, abuse from physical or mental harm preventing long partnerships, prioritizing careers over marriage making it difficult for spouses to stay together, and providing contact information for affordable divorce lawyers.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Here are some potential positive and negative consequences of divorce for each group:
For the husband and wife:
Positive: Opportunity for personal growth and happiness in a new relationship.
Negative: Financial difficulties from single parenthood or splitting assets. Emotional distress.
For the family:
Positive: Conflict may be reduced.
Negative: Loss of the traditional family structure, less contact with extended family. Financial difficulties.
For the children:
Positive: Grow up in a happier environment without parental conflict.
Negative: Stress and insecurity from family breakdown. May feel torn between parents. Adjustment to new living situations.
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This document discusses transitions in American families and the high divorce rate in the United States. It notes that approximately 45% of American marriages end in divorce, which is higher than other countries. Risk factors for divorce are identified as being young, having a brief courtship, financial instability, unexpected pregnancy, substance abuse, having divorced parents, lack of religiosity, both partners having successful careers, and not yet having children. Most who divorce remarry within 5 years, creating more blended families. Cohabitation and singlehood are also on the rise in the US.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
While changes in divorce law over the 20th century made divorce easier, quicker and cheaper, they are not considered the main cause of rising divorce rates in the UK. Other significant factors included changing social attitudes, improved contraception, declining importance of religion, and most importantly, women's increasing financial independence. Women gaining the ability to support themselves through employment and welfare benefits is seen as the overriding reason divorce became a realistic option for many.
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This document summarizes an undergraduate thesis that examines attitudes toward cohabitation according to level of education. The thesis reviews literature showing that while cohabitation is increasing, research finds both increased marital stability and instability associated with cohabiting. It hypothesizes that more education correlates with more positive cohabitation views. The thesis will analyze data from the General Social Survey from 1994-2012, examining the relationship between attitudes, education levels, and years. It acknowledges limitations of using a quantitative study from restricted survey questions rather than qualitative research.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses trends in divorce rates in Britain since 1945. It notes that divorce has increased over the 20th century, with a peak in the years following 1954. The introduction of the Divorce Reform Act in 1971, which allowed divorce on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown of marriage, led to a further rise in divorces. The consequences of divorce can include changes to family forms and negative impacts on family members, especially children, at both the individual and societal level. However, many divorcees also remarry, with men more likely to remarry than women, often seeking a new partner for companionship or to help raise children.
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The document discusses trends in cohabitation versus marriage. It notes that only 12% of couples who live together before marriage will still be married after 10 years, while cohabitation has increased from 33% to 45% between 1987 and 1997. Cohabiting relationships on average last only 2 years, and provide less commitment than marriage. Cohabiting couples are also more likely to divorce if they do marry. The document suggests cohabitation has become more common and accepted, but does not provide the benefits and stability of marriage.
SociologyExchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Marriage is defined as the legal union between a man and woman. Reasons for cohabitation instead of marriage include changing social attitudes, availability of contraception, and greater independence of young people. Divorce has become more common and accessible over time due to changes in women's rights and economic independence. There are now many types of diverse families including those distinguished by culture, class, and life stage.
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This document discusses views on divorce from both pro-divorce and anti-divorce perspectives. Pro-divorce arguments include allowing people to escape unhappy marriages, gain independence, and have a second chance at a happy marriage. However, the anti-divorce view is that divorce harms children by stunting their growth and increasing risks of drug abuse, suicide, and dropping out of school. The church strongly opposes divorce as it violates marriage vows made before God and breaks the covenant between the married couple and God.
summer 2005 contexts 33Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-3.docx
summer 2005 contexts 33
Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-37, ISSN 1536-5042, electronic ISSN 1537-6052. © 2005 by the American Sociological Association. All rights reserved.
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how cohabitation is
reshaping american families
feature article susan l. brown
Rapid growth in unmarried cohabitation over the past few decades has fundamentally altered American family life.
By providing a context for intimate partnerships and childbearing outside marriage, cohabitation challenges our
understanding of the family.
Most couples marrying today already know what living with
their spouse will be like. That’s because they have been living
together long before they walk down the aisle. The most com-
mon path to marriage is cohabitation, not dating. Once
described as “living in sin” or “shacking up,” cohabitation has
become an experience that most high school seniors, according
to a recent Monitoring the Future survey, agree is “a good idea.”
The rapid increase in “living together” is changing the con-
tours of American families at the same time that it calls into
question our conventional notions of “the family.” Unlike mar-
riage, which is governed by the state, heterosexual cohabita-
tion operates largely outside the purview of the law. The
growth in heterosexual cohabitation exemplifies the infor-
malization of the family and the increased emphasis on emo-
tional (rather than legal) ties to others. Cohabitation is a
distinct family form, neither singlehood nor marriage. We can
no longer understand American families if we ignore it.
the growth in cohabitation
Living together gained momentum during the 1960s,
when traditional moral strictures began to unravel and “the
pill” made sex outside of marriage more commonplace.
Historically, unmarried cohabitation was most common
among the lower classes, for whom marriage held few social,
legal, or economic benefits (see “Unmarried with Children,”
Contexts, Spring 2005). As cohabitation became more wide-
spread, many commentators mistakenly characterized it as a
college-student phenomenon. In reality, college-educated
Americans are the least likely to cohabit. This same myth also
perpetuated a stereotype of cohabitors as never married and
childless, when in actuality a slight majority of cohabitors have
been married previously, and 40 percent of cohabiting unions
involve children. By comparison, 45 percent of married-cou-
ple families have minor children living with them.
Cohabitation today shapes the lives of many Americans.
The 2000 Census counted close to five million opposite-sex
couples living together in America. In 1970, there were just
500,000 cohabiting couples. More than half of young adults
in their 20s and 30s have experienced cohabitation. Cohabiting
unions are relatively short-lived, lasti ...
Gray Divorce
This study examines the rise in divorce rates among middle-aged and older adults between 1990 and 2010 in the United States. The authors find that the divorce rate for those aged 50 and older doubled over this period. Approximately one in four divorces in 2010 occurred among those aged 50 and older. Characteristics like being in a remarriage rather than a first marriage, shorter marital duration, and fewer economic resources were associated with a higher risk of divorce for this age group in 2010. The findings suggest that gerontological research needs to consider divorce as an important aspect of marital dissolution among older adults.
CH 10 Divorce, Remarriage and Blended Families The critically ac
CH 10 Divorce, Remarriage and Blended Families
The critically acclaimed film The Squid and the Whale follows a couple’s acrimonious divorce and its effects on their two sons. The performer Miley Cyrus described why she broke up with her fiancé, Liam Hemsworth, at the age of 21, this way: I was so scared of ever being alone, and I think, conquering that fear, this year, was actually bigger than any other transition that I had, this entire year . . .I don’t ever want to have to need someone again, where you feel like, without them, you can’t be yourself. (Effron 2013) Are individualism and marriage the oil and water of modern relationships, unable ever to fully mix together? If people pursue marriage primarily to make themselves happy and then judge the relationship on the basis of their own happiness, then marriage will be unstable, always facing the risk that one partner or the other will feel unfulfilled and turn away. In fact, that may be why divorce has become a prominent feature of the relationship landscape. Maybe that’s not a bad thing. If it means that the relationships that do survive are built on genuine mutual happiness or satisfaction, then the modern family order may be an improvement over the past. But if the experience of divorce, or the threat of divorce, looms large in modern families, then we all live under a cloud of family uncertainty. Individual freedom is a cherished value for most people. But uncertainty comes with risks, especially for children, who are the most vulnerable to the stress of family transitions (Cherlin 2010). This is the central dilemma of divorce that we confront. For the Children’s Sake Of course, there is nothing wrong with loving oneself if that means recognizing and respecting one’s own needs and desires. But how is individual happiness to be balanced against family commitments, including marriage? This is as much a moral question as a practical or psychological one. In the face of such a quandary, 362 Chapter 10: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Families many people evoke the principle of making decisions in the best interest of children rather than adults. Some parents try to prevent or delay divorce for the children’s sake—to spare them the disruption, potential financial loss, and even shame of a family breakup. Other parents, however, want a divorce for the children’s sake—to keep them from living under the cloud of constant bickering or to remove them from the care of an irresponsible (or even abusive) spouse. And then there are the children themselves. Their parents’ breakup may be the first time they seriously face the need to evaluate, in moral terms, the behavior of adults. For better or worse, in the words of researcher Carol Smart, divorce “shatters the taken-for-grantedness of family life.” She quotes a 12-year-old girl whose parents divorced: I can remember some arguments and I can remember thinking “Oh my god my parents hate each other” but now I don’t think they hate each other; they ...
Ch 10 divorce, remarriage and blended families the critically ac
The document discusses divorce, remarriage, and blended families from a sociological perspective. It provides historical context on divorce, noting that divorce became more common in the 20th century and is now much more prevalent than a century ago. It also discusses the effects of divorce on children and families, including increased family diversity and the formation of blended families through remarriage.
Introduction to Divorce Opposing ViewpointsDivorce, 2009.docx
Introduction to Divorce: Opposing Viewpoints
Divorce, 2009
"Every society requires a critical mass of families that fit the traditional ideal, both to
meet the needs of most children and to serve as a model for other adults who are
raising children in difficult settings. We are at risk of losing that critical mass in
America today." Hillary R. Clinton, It Takes a Village
Divorce is something that affects most Americans directly or indirectly. According to a 2006 Gallup
poll, 30 percent of adult Americans say they have been divorced at some point in their lifetimes, up
from 23 percent in 1985. Nearly everyone either has been divorced or has family members or close
friends who have been divorced. Many married couples who do not divorce have nonetheless thought
about it. Among those who are married, a 2008 Roper Poll found that 33 percent have at some point
considered divorce. Women were more likely than men (39 percent vs. 27 percent) to have at least
thought about divorce at some point during their marriage.
Historically, divorce has been both a religious and a civil or secular issue. Some current issues in
divorce have antecedents in Judeo-Christian beliefs. Deuteronomy 24:1, customarily attributed to
Moses, states that if a man maries a woman "and it comes to pass that she find no favor in his eyes,
because he hath found some uncleanness in her; then let him write her a bill of divorcement ... and
send her out of his house." At the time of Jesus, two schools of thought concerning the meaning of
Deuteronomy 24:1 existed. One school, led by Rabbi Shammai, argued that the passage meant
divorce was permitted only for adultery; the other view, led by Rabbi Hillel, was that a man could
divorce his wife for any reason. Analogizing to modern terms, one view required fault as grounds for
divorce and the other view permitted the equivalent of a "no-fault" divorce.
The book of Matthew has several statements attributed to Jesus concerning divorce. In Matthew
19:4-6, Jesus states that a man and a woman joined in marriage are "one flesh" and "[t]herefore what
God has joined together, let not man separate." A similar passage appears in the book of Mark. When
critics challenged Jesus to explain his statement, which appears to contradict Deuteronomy, Jesus
states in Matthew 19:8, "Moses, because of the hardness of your hearts, permitted you to divorce
your wives, but from the beginning it was not so." In Mark 10:11 and Luke 16:18, Jesus says that
those who divorce and remarry commit adultery, which also implies that divorce cannot abolish the
marriage bond.
In Matthew 5:32 and 19:9, however, Jesus appears to approve divorce on grounds of adultery. So
does Christianity permit divorce or not?
Christianity is divided over divorce. The Catholic Church decreed that marriage is a spiritual
sacrament that, once created, remains intact in the eyes of God regardless of the desires or actions
of the parties to the marriage. Since true marriage is considered sp.
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summer 2005 contexts 33Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-3.docx
summer 2005 contexts 33Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-3.docx
CH 10 Divorce, Remarriage and Blended Families The critically ac
CH 10 Divorce, Remarriage and Blended Families The critically ac
Ch 10 divorce, remarriage and blended families the critically ac
Ch 10 divorce, remarriage and blended families the critically ac
Introduction to Divorce Opposing ViewpointsDivorce, 2009.docx
Introduction to Divorce Opposing ViewpointsDivorce, 2009.docx
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