2.  “The Sick Man of Europe”

3.  Military defeat
 Lagging behind in technology
 Breakdown in janissary corp
 Territory loss
 Economic peril

4.  Russia Under Pressure
 The Crimean War, 1853-1855
 Russia wanted to gain access to
territory in the dying Ottoman Empire
 Tsar Alexander II
 Emancipation
 Industrialization
 Zemstvos
 Assassination

5.  Alexander III
◦ Rolled back the reforms of his father
 Nicholas II
◦ Autocratic, unyielding tsar
 Revolution of 1905
◦ Russo-Japanese War
◦ Bloody Sunday
 The Duma

6. Bloody Sunday

7.  The Opium War, 1839-1842
 Treaty of Nanjing, 1842
 Taiping Rebellion
◦ Led by Hong Xiuguan

8.  Tokugawa Shogunate -1603 – 1867
◦ Shogun (literally, "a commander of a force") is a
military rank and historical title for (in most
cases) hereditary military dictator of Japan.
Tokugawa Ieyasu
◦
◦ Closed off Japan from the outside world

9.  Commodore Matthew Perry
 1853 – forced Japan to
reopen
Daimyo
MEIJI RESTORATION
◦ 1867-1868
◦ Meiji Constitution 1889
 Formation of the Diet