2017 R3 Conference | SNE SWANA Annual Conference - SWANA A, Session 1

1. Technology Updates

2. Outline & Objectives
Longevity Updates
ArmorFill System
Project Case Studies

3. Frequently Asked Question:
How long will the ClosureTurf
system last?
Page

4. Longevity & Design Life
• Structural geomembrane installs
on subgrade
– Site-dependent
• Engineered synthetic turf is placed
directly onto the geomembrane
• Sand infill is placed directly into
the turf layer
• Synthetic (HDPE) turf fibers are
effectively the only exposed
component of the system

5. Synthetic Turf (PE) - Functional
Longevity UV Resistance
• Significant advancements in UV resistance
• Need 3.5 lbs of tensile strength in the turf fiber
• Turf Fiber has 20 lbs at time of manufacture
• Projected to retain 65% (13 lbs) at 100 years
• More than three (3) times the tensile strength needed at 100 years

6. Outline & Objectives
Longevity Updates
ArmorFill System
Project Case Studies

7. Historic Problems: Vegetative Soil Caps
• ‘Borrow’ Areas- where the
issues begin
• Cover soil can be low
quality
• Will need to weather
excessive saturation as well
as severe drought- in
perpetuity
• Uncertainty of vegetative
growth

8. Soil Cap: Drainage Requirements
• Water accumulates &
moves downhill
– Picks up volume and
transports cover soil
• Result- runoff loaded with
sediment
• Settle out & store the
sediment prior to ultimate
discharge

9. Traditional ClosureTurf®
• Fundamentally similar to
prescriptive design except
took the unpredictability of
vegetation and weather out
– No soil borrow
– Eliminate erosion
– Clean water quality (filters
through sand)- 11 NTU’s
– Decreased storage
requirements due to no
sediment runoff
– Less maintenance

10. ClosureTurf® System with ArmorFill™
• 40 Mil MicroSpike®
(Geomembrane Layer)
• Engineered Synthetic Turf
• Polymer bound sand
(ArmorFill) – for slopes
greater then 5%
• Appropriate for slopes and
top decks
• Were velocities may be 5-10
FPS then a emulsion based
binder can be applied to
prevent sand movement

11. Page
BALDWIN COUNTY LANDFILL
Owner: Baldwin County
Location: Milledgeville, GA
Completed: 2017 (Jan.)
Size: 23 acres

14. Outline & Objectives
Longevity Updates
ArmorFill System
Project Case Studies

15. Page
Over 40 Million Square Feet of

16. COVANTA- CARVER-MARION-
WAREHAM LANDFILL
Owner: Covanta Energy
Location: Carver, MA
Completed: 2015
Size: 4 acres

18. ClosureTurf relief
valves were installed
every acre.

19. WARD HILL NECK LANDFILL
Owner: Covanta Energy
Location: Haverhill, MA
Completed: 2016
Size: 12 acres

21. HydroTurf lined
channels handle high
velocities and result in
clean runoff.

22. CITY OF PORT ANGELES
LANDFILL
Owner: City of Port Angeles
Location: Port Angeles, WA
Completed: 2016
Size: 16 acres

23. ClosureTurf® increases stability on steeper grades.

25. ClosureTurf: Permitting, Design, and CQA
Challenges and Lessons Learned
Prepared By:
Paul Shamoian, P.E.
March 2017
Prepared For
2017 RECYCLING AND SOLID WASTE CONFERENCE

26. ► Geomembrane Barrier
► Drainage Layer
► Topsoil/Vegetation
► Tack-on Stormwater Berms
▪ Long Term O&M Care & Costs
o Mowing
o Animal Burrows
o Erosion
o Vegetation Growth
Conventional Subtitle D Landfill Cap

27. ClosureTurf - Benefits
► Decrease Erosion Exposure
For Initial Vegetation Growth
► Decrease Long Term
Maintenance and Costs
► Decrease Potential Runoff
with Sediment
▪ Construction: install and
covered, no erosion
► Increase Airspace

28. PERMITTING
► Background
▪ Massachusetts, Rhode Island
► Lessons Learned
▪ Approach Regulators early
and provide background of
materials
▪ Permitting Conditions may
contain increased visual
inspections and tensile
strength testing of turf blades

29. DESIGN - Challenges
► Stormwater
▪ High Curve Number
o Need to meet maximum discharge conditions with higher
curve number
▪ Structures
o Berms/swales to control high velocities
▪ Stormwater Basins
o Provide retainage to meet discharge limits for site
► Landfill Gas Management
▪ LFG management will be necessary immediately after
installation
▪ May need additional landfill gas collectors to prevent
possible uplift
▪ Passive gas venting

30. DESIGN - Challenges (Continued)
► Grading
▪ Constructability
o Slope transitions and tie-ins require
foresight and planning
▪ Slope transitions can present
installation challenges
▪ Tie-in locations to existing
▪ Access roads
o Anchor ClosureTurf into sides; proper
fill above geomembrane
o Consideration for type of vehicles

31. DESIGN – Lessons Learned
► Specifications provided by
Watershed Geosynthetics
► Super Gripnet – HDPE appeared to
be more workable, less thermal
expansion/contraction
► Specs/Drawings indicate welding
all tie-ins and backfill top of slope
anchor trench at end of day to deal
with thermal expansion/contraction
► Specs/Drawings indicate removing
turf blades from sewn seams

32. DESIGN – Lessons Learned (Continued)
► Specs indicate seams to be snapped
after welding (or sandbags placed on
welds) to prevent “tenting” from
occurring
► Install passive vents close to existing
LFG wells
► Stormwater berms and swales built
into subgrade layer
► Consider stone toe drains or rip-rap
at toe of slope needs for sheet flow

33. CONSTRUCTION - Challenges
► Installation
▪ Slower installation (geosynthetics)
o Additional extrusion welding
o ClosureTurf sewing
o Additional Sandbags required
o Sand infill and hydrobinder installation
o Bonus: once it’s down  project complete, no soils
▪ Access
o Limited access during construction (sand infill &
hydrobinder installation) must utilize downchutes and
diversion berms
o Limited access after construction - LFG well maintenance
▪ Sand Infill
o Confirming sand thickness

34. CONSTRUCTION – Challenges (continued)
► Installation
▪ Weather
o Bridging at slope transitions (stormwater structures, tie-
ins) requires more sandbags than typical installation until
infill is installed
▪ Settlement on landfill surface
o Ponding is possible from settlement or equipment rutting
during construction  requires raking of tracks
o Survey – confirm slopes prior to installation of Super
Gripnet/Turf. Minimize work/patches if problems noticed
later

35. Hydrobinder Installation

36. Sand Infill Installation

37. CONSTRUCTION – Lessons Learned
► Rubber Tired Vehicles with Wide Turf Tires
▪ Preferred over rubber-tracked vehicles for sand infill
and hydrobinder installation = less subgrade
deformation
► Contactor indicate early plan for installation sand
infill
▪ Cannot drive on Turf with >5 psi machine (ground
pressure) without sand infill on slopes>15%
▪ Equipment w/<5 psi are allowed prior to sand infill on
slopes <15%
▪ After sand infill installation: Slopes >10% = ground
pressure allowed up to 35 psi. Top decks allow higher
ground pressures
► Access Points necessary for sand infill and
hydrobinder
▪ Design downchute channels for equipment to drive up
and down
▪ Design berms and swales as trapezoidal channels

38. Overall ClosureTurf Project Benefits
► Overall reduced construction timeframe
► No slope erosion during construction or while waiting for
grass to grow
► Construction soil stockpile areas not needed
► Public perception: instant green grass
► Airspace gains
► Reduced post-closure O&M costs
► Clean run-off  no sediment or TSS

39. QUESTIONS?