This document discusses smart materials, which are materials that can sense and respond to environmental stimuli in predetermined ways. It defines smart materials and provides examples of types, including piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloys, shape memory polymers, ferrofluids, and photochromic and thermochromic materials. Piezoelectric materials generate electric currents when mechanically stressed and can be used for power generation or sensors. Shape memory alloys remember their original shape and can return to it after deformation at low temperatures. The document outlines several applications for smart materials and also notes some limitations, such as response times, toxicity, stability, and cost.

1. SMART MATERIALS
PRESENTED BY
ANAGHA SOJEN
FIRST YEAR
M.TECH MATERIAL SCIENCE

2. Table OF Contents
• INTRODUCTION
• SMART MATERIALS
• TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS
• PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
• SMART MEMORYALLOY
• SMART MEMORY POLYMERAND FERROFLUID
• PHOTOCHROMICANDTHERMOCHROMIC MATERIALS
• LIMITATIONSOF SMART MATERIALS
• REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS
METALS CERAMICS POLYMERS ADVANCED
MATERIALS
• SEMICONDUCTORS
• BIOMATERIALS
• SMART MATERIALS

4. PINE CONES
Even after falling from tree pine cones still opens and
closes in reaction to the changing moisture levels in
the environment. The trick lies in the nature of
the cone's scale, which consist of two different
microscopic tissues that have different affinities for
water (they’re hygroscopic).
PYRAMIDS OF GIZA
Lime mortar a kind of cement material used in
building pyramids are self-healing. So when a crack
appears it can heal itself without human interaction.

5. What is
SMART
MATERIALS ?
SMART MATERIALS :
• These are designed materials that have one or more properties that
can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external
stimuli, such as stress, temperature, moisture, pH ,electric or
magnetic field.
• These materials are able to sense changes in their environment and
respond to these changes in predetermined manner as found in living
organisms (biomimicry).

6. TYPES OF
SMART
MATERIALS
Piezoelectric materials
Shape memory alloy
Photochromic materials
Self-healing materials
Ferrofluids
Thermochromic materials
And many more....

7. Quartz Crystals
By JJ Harrison viaWikipedia
PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
• Piezoelectric materials are materials that
produce an electric current when they are
placed under mechanical stress.
• The piezoelectric process is also reversible, so
if you apply an electric current to these
materials, they will actually change shape
slightly
E.g. quartz crystals, ceramics
(lead
zirconate titanate),proteins

8. HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE?
When piezoelectric material is placed under
mechanical stress, a shifting of the positive
and negative charge centers in the material
takes place, which then results in an external
electrical field.When reversed, an outer
electrical field either stretches or compresses
the piezoelectric material.
APPLICATIONS
• High voltage and power
source (cigarette lighters, gas
grills)
• Sensors (medical applications)
• Motors

9. SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY an alloy that can be deformed when cold but returns to its pre-deformed
("remembered") shape when heated..

10. • Shape memory alloys
display two distinct
crystal structures or
phases.
• Temperature and
internal
stresses determine the
phase that the SMA will
be at.
•One-way shape memory
alloy: A material which exhibits
shape memory effect only upon
heating is known as one-way
shape memory.
•Two-way shape memory
alloy: A material which shows a
shape memory effect during
both heating and cooling is
called two-way shape memory.

11. APPLICATIONS
Orthodontic application
SMA Orthodontic Wires.
VascularApplication
Examples :Ni –Ti alloy (Nitinol)
Cu –Al –Ni alloy, Cu –Zn –A alloy
SMA stents
Aeronautical Applications
Space Applications
Civil Engineering

12. SHAPE MEMORY POLYMER
•Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are polymeric smart materials
that have the ability to return from a deformed state (temporary
shape) to their original (permanent) shape when induced by an
external stimulus (trigger), such as temperature change.
FERROFLUIDS
Ferrofluid is a liquid that is attracted to the poles of a magnet.
It is a colloidal liquid made of nanoscale ferromagnetic
or ferrimagnetic, particles suspended in
a carrier fluid (usually an organic solvent or water).
EXAMPLES: poly tetrafluoroethylene,
polylactide, ethylene vinyl acetate

13. PHOTOCHROMIC MATERIALS THERMOCHROMIC MATERIALS

14. Limitations of
smart materials
•Too slow
•Toxic
•Unstable
•Difficult to control
•Expensive
•Performance can diminish over time

15. REFERENCES
 MATERIAL SCIENCEAND ENGINEERINGADAPTED BY R.BALASUBRAMANIAM
 https://youtu.be/4-_rwDgLMpk SMART MATERIALSOF FUTURE BY ANNA PLOSZAJSKI
 PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS BYTHE GREENAGE Piezoelectric Materials -TheGreenAge
 HAIR:A COMPOSITE BIOPOLYMERWITH SMART MEMORY PROPERTIES BY MANUEL GAMEZ
GRACIA
 Lorenza Petrini, Francesco Migliavacca, "Biomedical Applications of Shape Memory
Alloys", Journal of Metallurgy, vol. 2011, Article
ID 501483, 15 pages, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/501483

16. THANKYOU